发电机组专业术语word精品文档22页.docx

1、发电机组专业术语word精品文档22页发电机专业术语（词汇）要练说，得练听。听是说的前提，听得准确，才有条件正确模仿，才能不断地掌握高一级水平的语言。我在教学中，注意听说结合，训练幼儿听的能力，课堂上，我特别重视教师的语言，我对幼儿说话，注意声音清楚，高低起伏，抑扬有致，富有吸引力，这样能引起幼儿的注意。当我发现有的幼儿不专心听别人发言时，就随时表扬那些静听的幼儿，或是让他重复别人说过的内容，抓住教育时机，要求他们专心听，用心记。平时我还通过各种趣味活动，培养幼儿边听边记，边听边想，边听边说的能力，如听词对词，听词句说意思，听句子辩正误，听故事讲述故事，听谜语猜谜底，听智力故事，动脑筋，出主意

2、，听儿歌上句，接儿歌下句等，这样幼儿学得生动活泼，轻松愉快，既训练了听的能力，强化了记忆，又发展了思维，为说打下了基础。 AACAlternating Current (AC) is electric current that alternates between a positive maximum value and a negative maximum value at a characteristic frequency, usually 50 or 60 cycles per second (Hertz).交流交流是指电流在正负最大值之间以特定的频率变动，通常频率为50或60赫兹。A

3、NSIAmerican National Standards Institute.美国国家标准协会美国国家标准协会Acoustic MaterialAcoustic material is any material considered in terms of its acoustic properties, especially its properties of absorbing or deadening sound.声音材料声音材料，特指有吸音或隔音特性的材料。Active PowerActive power is the real power (kW) supplied by the

4、 generator set to the electrical load. Active power creates a load on the generator sets engine and is limited by the horsepower of the engine. Active power does the work of heating, turning motor shafts, etc.有功功率有功功率（kW），是指发电机组实际供应给负载的功率，它由发电机组的发动机提供，受到发动机马力大小的限制。发热和驱动马达转动靠有功功率完成。Air Circuit Breake

5、rAn air circuit breaker automatically interrupts the current flowing through it when the current exceeds the trip rating of the breaker. Air is the medium of electrical insulation between electrically live parts and grounded (earthed) metal parts.空气线路断路器空气线路断路器的功能是当电流大小超过断路器的过流跳脱设定值后自动断开。空气是带电零件和接地金

6、属零件之间的绝缘介质。AlternatorAlternator is another term for AC generator.交流发电机交流发电机Amortisseur WindingsThe amortisseur windings of a synchronous AC generator are the conductors embedded in the pole faces of the rotor. They are connected together at both ends of the poles by end rings or end plates. Their fu

7、nction is to dampen waveform distortion during load changes.阻尼线圈同步交流发电机的阻尼线圈是指嵌绕在转子磁极间的导线，他们分别在两极用端环或端板相连接，主要功能是减弱因负载变化而引起的波形畸变。AmpacityAmpacity is the safe current-carrying capacity of an electrical conductor in amperes as defined by code.载流容量载流容量是以安培数来定义导线安全载流能力。AmpereThe ampere is a unit of elect

8、ric current flow. One ampere of current will flow when a potential of one volt is applied across a resistance of one ohm.安培安培是电流单位。1伏电压作用于1欧姆的电阻上就会产生1安培的电流。AnnunciatorAn annunciator is an accessory device used to give remote indication of the status of an operating component in a system. Annunciator

9、s are typically used in applications where the equipment monitored is not located in a portion of the facility that is normally attended. The NFPA has specific requirements for remote annunciators used in some applications, such as hospitals.指示器指示器作为一个附属装置常用于远程显示系统的各个组成部分的运行状态。指示器通常使用在监测设备不在设备现场的应用。

10、美国国家防火协会对指示器在某些行业的应用有特殊要求，例如医院等。Apparent PowerApparent power is the product of current and voltage, expressed as kVA. It is real power (kW) divided by the power factor (PF).视在功率视在功率是电流和电压共同作用的产物，用kVA表示。它等于有功功率（kW）除以功率因数。ArmatureThe armature of an AC generator is the assembly of windings and metal co

11、re laminations in which the output voltage is induced. It is the stationary part (stator) in a revolving-field generator.电枢交流发电机电枢的是金属芯和绕组的总成，产生感应电压。电枢是旋转磁场交流发电机的不动部分（定子）。单靠“死”记还不行,还得“活”用,姑且称之为“先死后活”吧。让学生把一周看到或听到的新鲜事记下来,摒弃那些假话套话空话,写出自己的真情实感,篇幅可长可短,并要求运用积累的成语、名言警句等,定期检查点评,选择优秀篇目在班里朗读或展出。这样,即巩固了所学的材料,

12、又锻炼了学生的写作能力,同时还培养了学生的观察能力、思维能力等等,达到“一石多鸟”的效果。 BBackup ProtectionBackup protection consists of protective devices, which are intended to operate only after other protective devices have failed to operate or detect a fault.后备保护装置后备保护装置是在其他保护装置动作失败或发生故障时动作的保护装置。BandwidthThe amount of data that can be t

13、ransmitted in a fixed amount of time. For digital devices, it is expressed as bits per second, or bytes per second. For analog devices, it is usually expressed as cycles per second, or Hertz.带宽在固定时间内可传输的数据量。在数字化设备中以位/秒或字秒表示，在模拟（数字）设备中以周/秒或者赫兹表示。Base LoadBase load is that portion of a building load d

14、emand which is constant. It is the base of the building demand curve.基本负荷基本负荷是指建筑负荷需求量中不变的那一部分，是构成负荷需求曲线的基数。Baud RateThe speed of data transmission in serial data communications approximately equal to the number of code elements (bits) per second (BPS). Bits per second are also termed BPS, with the

15、prefix (k) denoting thousands.波特率串行数据传输速率，约等于每秒钟传输的比特数。比特/秒也可以用BPS表示，kBPS表示千比特/秒。BindingThe process of making the logical connections to the network (also called connecting). This involves connecting network variable outputs to network variable inputs using LonWorks software.绑定与网络进行逻辑连接的过程（也可以叫做连接），

16、包括把输出变量与输入变量用LonWorks软件绑定。BitBinary Digit.位2进制数字Black StartBlack Start refers to the starting of a power system with its own power sources, without the assistance from external power supplies.黑启动黑启动是指依靠系统内部的电源，而不借助外部的电力进行的启动。BooleanA logical system used to express one of two states, such as on or of

17、f (yes or no, 1 or 0, etc.)布尔类型用于表示2种状态之一的逻辑系统，例如开或关（是或否，1或0等）。Bus CapacityBus capacity is the maximum load that can be carried on a system without causing degradation of the generator frequency to less than a prescribed level (usually 59 Hz in a 60 Hz system).母排容量母排容量是指在发电机频率不被压低的情况下，系统所能带动的最大负载。观察

18、内容的选择，我本着先静后动，由近及远的原则，有目的、有计划的先安排与幼儿生活接近的，能理解的观察内容。随机观察也是不可少的，是相当有趣的，如蜻蜓、蚯蚓、毛毛虫等，孩子一边观察，一边提问，兴趣很浓。我提供的观察对象，注意形象逼真，色彩鲜明，大小适中，引导幼儿多角度多层面地进行观察，保证每个幼儿看得到，看得清。看得清才能说得正确。在观察过程中指导。我注意帮助幼儿学习正确的观察方法，即按顺序观察和抓住事物的不同特征重点观察，观察与说话相结合，在观察中积累词汇，理解词汇，如一次我抓住时机，引导幼儿观察雷雨，雷雨前天空急剧变化，乌云密布，我问幼儿乌云是什么样子的，有的孩子说：乌云像大海的波浪。有的孩子说

19、“乌云跑得飞快。”我加以肯定说“这是乌云滚滚。”当幼儿看到闪电时，我告诉他“这叫电光闪闪。”接着幼儿听到雷声惊叫起来，我抓住时机说：“这就是雷声隆隆。”一会儿下起了大雨，我问：“雨下得怎样?”幼儿说大极了，我就舀一盆水往下一倒，作比较观察，让幼儿掌握“倾盆大雨”这个词。雨后，我又带幼儿观察晴朗的天空，朗诵自编的一首儿歌：“蓝天高，白云飘，鸟儿飞，树儿摇，太阳公公咪咪笑。”这样抓住特征见景生情，幼儿不仅印象深刻，对雷雨前后气象变化的词语学得快，记得牢，而且会应用。我还在观察的基础上，引导幼儿联想，让他们与以往学的词语、生活经验联系起来，在发展想象力中发展语言。如啄木鸟的嘴是长长的，尖尖的，硬硬的

20、，像医生用的手术刀样，给大树开刀治病。通过联想，幼儿能够生动形象地描述观察对象。 CCT (Current Transformer)Current transformers are instrument transformers used in conjunction with ammeters, control circuits and protective relaying. They usually have 5 ampere secondaries.电流互感器电流互感器是一种仪表变压器，通常与电流表、控制电路、保护继电器配套使用。CircuitA circuit is a path f

21、or an electric current across a potential (voltage).电路电路是电流通过电势（电压）的路径。Circuit BreakerA circuit breaker is a protective device that automatically interrupts the current flowing through it when that current exceeds a certain value for a specified period of time. See Air Circuit Breaker, Main Breaker,

22、 Molded Case Circuit Breaker and Power Circuit Breaker.线路断路器线路断路器是一个保护装置，当通过它的电流超过某个安全设定值一定时间后，它就能够自动切断电流。（见空气线路断路器、主开关、塑壳线路断路器等）。Circulating Harmonic CurrentsCirculating Harmonic Currents are currents that flow because of differences in voltage waveforms between paralleled power sources, or induced

23、 by operation of non-linear loads.谐波环流谐波环流是由并联电源间不同的电压波形或者非线性负荷运转而产生的电流。Continuous LoadA continuous load is a load where the maximum current is expected to continue for three hours or more (as defined by the NEC for design calculations).持续负荷持续负荷是指使电流在3个小时或更长时间（根据NEC的定义）内需保持最大值的负荷。CurrentCurrent is t

24、he flow of electric charge. Its unit of measure is the ampere.电流电流是电荷的流动，以安培为单位。CycleA cycle is one complete reversal of an alternating current or voltage from zero to a positive maximum to zero again and then from zero to a negative maximum to zero again. The number of cycles per second is the freq

25、uency.周期周期是指交流电流或电压从零到正最大值再到零，然后从零到负最大值再到零这样一个往复的过程；而频率则是指每秒可完成的周期数。DDead BusDead Bus refers to the de-energized state of the power connections between outputs of paralleled generator sets. The term bus in this usage can either be rigid solid bus bars or insulated flexible cables.不带电母排不带电母排是指连接并联发电机

26、组输出之间的电力连接处于不带电状态。这里所指的母排可能是坚硬的实心汇流条，也可能是柔韧的绝缘电缆。Delta ConnectionDelta connection refers to a three phase connection in which the start of each phase is connected to the end of the next phase, forming the triangle-shaped Greek letter Delta. The load lines are connected to the corners of the triangle

27、.三角形连接三角形连接是指在三相连接中，相临两相首尾相连，构成三角形的希腊字母Delta，负荷线连接在三角形的角上。Differential RelayA differential relay is a protective device that is fed by current transformers located at two different series points in the electrical system. The differential relay compares the currents and picks up when there is a diffe

28、rence in the two, which signifies a fault in the zone of protection. These devices are typically used to protect windings in generators or transformers.差动继电器作为保护装置，差动继电器由位于系统中两个不同位置的电流互感器提供反馈信息。差动继电器对电流进行比较，如果存在不同则表示受保护区域内有故障存在。这些装置常被用于保护发电机或变压器的线圈。Digital Master Control (DMC)This device is designed

29、 to control the power systems in a facility. It is offered as an option on Cummins switchgear.数字主控制器数字主控制器是用于控制设备电力系统的装置。在康明斯开关柜中数字主控制器是选配件。Direct Current (DC)Direct current is current with no reversals in polarity.直流直流是指没有正负极性往复变化的电流。Distributed Control SystemA collection of nodes that interact to

30、control a system whose components are spread out over some distance. Each node has intelligence for operating its own particular component of the system. Different parts of the system communicate status and control information with one another to form a distributed control system. Typically, they co

31、mmunicate on a peer-to-peer level. This is different from a type of system where all control and interaction between components is dictated by one central control. This is a common master/slave arrangement.分布式控制系统分布式控制系统是由分布在不同位置但互相作用的节点构成。每个节点具有智能，可以对各自系统操作控制。系统不同部分之间的通信状态和控制信息交流构成了分布式控制系统，这种系统内的通信

32、是点对点方式，有别于所有的控制以及组成部分之间的通信都由一个中央控制器完成的系统。Distribution Circuit BreakerA distribution circuit breaker is a device used for overload and short current protection of loads connected to a main distribution device.配电线路开关配电线路开关是给连接在主配电设备上的负荷提供过载和短路保护的装置。Droop Load SharingDroop load sharing is a method of making two or more parallel generator sets share a system kW load. This is accomplished by having ea