气体的临界常数包括临界温度临界压力临界摩尔体积等临界.docx

1、气体的临界常数包括临界温度临界压力临界摩尔体积等临界气体的临界常数包括临界温度、临界压力、临界摩尔体积等。临界温度是指在这个温度之上，无论加多大的压力都不能使气体液化的温度。临界压力是指气体在临界温度之下液化时所需的最低压力。临界摩尔体积是指气体在临界温度、临界压力之下1摩尔的体积，可以由临界密度来计算。 临界温度、临界压力、临界摩尔体积是指共存的气相与液相的密度正好相等时的热力学温度、压力和摩尔体积的值。 单质气体的临界常数 Critical Constants of Elementary Substance Gases 序号(No.) 分子式 (Molecular formula) 临界温

2、度 (Critical temperature) Tc/ 临界压力 (Criticalpressure) pc/(106Pa) 临界密度 (Critical density) c/(g/ml) 1 Ar -122.4 4.8734 0.533 2 As 530.0 34.651 - 3 Br2 311.0 10.334 1.26 4 Cs 1806.0 - 0.44 5 Cl2 144.0 7.7003 0.573 6 D2 -234.9 1.6515 0.669 7 F2 -128.85 5.2149 0.574 8 H2 -240.17 1.2928 0.0314 9 He -267.96

3、 0.22695 0.0698 10 3He -269.84 0.11449 0.0414 11 Hg 1462.0 18.946 - 12 I2 546.0 - 1.64 13 K 1950.0 16.211 0.187 14 Kr -63.8 5.5016 0.919 15 Li 2950.0 68.897 0.105 16 N2 -147.0 3.3942 0.313 17 Na 2300.0 35.462 0.198 18 Ne -228.75 2.7559 0.484 19 O2 -118.57 5.0426 0.436 20 O3 -12.1 5.5726 0.54 21 P 72

4、1.0 - - 22 Ra 104.0 6.2818 - 23 Rb 1832.0 - 0.34 24 S 1041.0 11.753 - 25 Si -3.5 4.8430 - 26 Xe 16.583 5.8400 1.11 无机化合物气体的临界常数 Critical Constants of Inorganic Compound Gases分子式(Molecular formula) 临界温度(Critical temperature)Tc/ 临界压力(Critical pressure) pc/(106Pa) 临界密度(Critical density) c/(g/ml) 分子式(Mo

5、lecular formula) 临界温度 (Critical temperature) Tc/ 临界压力(Critical pressure) pc/(106Pa) 临界密度(Critical density) c/(g/ml) 空气(Air) -140.6 3.7691 0.313 HfCl4 450.0 5.7752 1.05 AlBr3 356.0 2.6343 0.510 HgCl2 700.0 - 1.56 AlCl3 490.0 2.8876 0.860 NF3 -39.2 4.5290 - AsCl3 318.0 - 0.720 NH3 132.4 11.276 0.235 B

6、Br3 300.0 - 0.90 NO -93.0 6.4844 0.52 BCl3 178.8 38.704 - NO2 158.0 10.132 0.55 BF3 -12.3 4.9849 - N2F4 36.2 3.7488 - B2H6 16.6 4.0528 - N2H4 380.0 14.691 - BiCl3 906.0 11.955 1.21 N2O 36.41 7.2443 0.452 (CN)2 127 5.9778 - PH3 51.6 6.5351 - CO -140.24 3.4985 0.301 SF6 45.54 3.7589 0.736 CO2 31.0 7.3

7、760 0.468 SO2 157.6 7.8837 0.525 COS 102.0 5.8765 0.44 SO3 217.8 8.2069 0.63 GeCl4 279.0 3.8501 0.65 SbCl3 521.0 - 0.84 HBr 90.0 8.5514 - SiClF3 34.5 3.4651 - HCl 51.5 8.3082 0.45 SiCl2F2 95.8 3.4955 - HCN 183.6 5.3902 0.195 SiCl3F 165.3 3.5765 - HI 150.8 8.3082 - SiCl4 234.0 3.7488 0.521 HF 188.0 6

8、.4844 0.29 SiF4 -14.1 3.7184 - H2O 373.09 22.047 0.32 SnCl4 318.8 3.7488 0.742 D2O 370.8 21.662 0.36 TiCl4 365.0 4.6607 0.56 H2S 100.0 8.9364 0.346 UF6 232.6 4.6607 1.41 H2Se 138.0 3.8501 - ZrCl4 505.0 5.7651 0.730 有机化合物气体的临界常数 Critical Constants of Organic Compound Gases序号(No.) 中文名称(Chinese name) 英

9、文名称(English name) 分子式(Molecular formula) 临界温度(Critical temperature)Tc/ 临界压力(Critical pressure) pc/(106Pa) 临界密度(Critical density)c/(g/ml) 1 氯二氟甲烷 Chlorodifluoromethane CHClF2 96.0 4.9768 0.525 2 氟二氯甲烷 Fluorodichloromethane CHCl2F 178.5 5.1673 0.522 3 氯 仿 Chloroform CHCl3 263.4 5.4712 0.5 4 氟三氯甲烷 Fluo

10、rotrichloromethane CCl3F 198.0 4.4074 0.554 5 四氯化碳 Carbon tetrachloride CCl4 283.2 4.5594 0.558 6 三氟甲烷 Fluoroform CHF3 25.74 4.8360 0.525 7 二溴甲烷 Methylene bromide CH2Br2 331.0 7.1937 - 8 二氯甲烷 Dichloromethane CH2Cl2 237.0 6.6871 - 9 氯代甲烷 Chloromethane CH3Cl 143.1 6.6790 0.353 10 氟甲烷 Fluoromethane CH3

11、F 44.55 5.8765 0.300 11 甲 烷 Methane CH4 -82.60 4.6049 0.162 12 甲 醇 Methanol CH3OH 239.43 8.0954 0.272 13 甲硫醇 Methanethiol CH3SH 196.8 7.2342 0.332 14 甲 胺 Methylamine CH3NH2 156.9 7.4571 - 15 二甲胺 Dimethylamine (CH3)2NH 164.5 5.3094 - 16 溴三氟甲烷 Bromotrifluoromethane CBrF3 67.0 3.9717 0.72 17 氯三氟甲烷 Chlo

12、rotrifluoromethane CClF3 28.9 3.9210 0.579 18 全氟甲烷 Tetrafluoromethane CF4 -45.6 3.7387 0.630 19 二氯二氟甲烷 Dichlorodifluoromethane CCl2F2 111.80 4.1247 0.558 20 三氟乙烯 Trifluoroethene C2HF3 271.0 5.0153 - 21 乙 腈 Acetonitrile C2H3N 274.7 4.8329 0.237 22 乙 炔 Acetylene C2H2 35.18 6.1389 0.231 23 乙 醛 Aldehyde

13、 CH3CHO 188.0 - - 24 1,2-二氯乙烯 1,2-Dichloroethene C2H2Cl2 243.3 5.5118 - 25 1,1-二氟乙烯 1,1-Difluoroethene C2H2F2 30.1 4.4327 0.417 26 1-氯-1,1-二氟乙烷 1-Chloro-1,1-difluoroethane C2H3ClF2 137.1 4.1237 0.435 27 乙 烯 Ethene C2H4 9.2 5.0315 0.218 28 1,1-二氟乙烷 1,1-Difluoroethane C2H4F2 113.5 4.4955 0.365 29 环氧乙烷

14、 Epoxy ethane C2H4O 196.0 7.1937 0.314 30 乙 酸 Acetic acid C2H4O2 321.3 5.7752 0.351 31 乙酸酐 Acetic anhydride (CH3CO)2O 296.0 4.6812 - 32 溴乙烷 Bromoethane C2H5Br 230.7 6.2311 0.507 33 氯乙烷 Monochloro ethane C2H5Cl 187.2 5.2686 - 34 乙 烷 Ethane C2H6 32.28 4.8795 0.203 35 乙 醇 Ethanol C2H5OH 243.1 6.3791 0.

15、276 36 乙硫醇 Ethanethiol C2H5SH 226.0 5.4915 0.300 37 乙 胺 Ethylamine C2H5NH2 183.0 5.6232 - 38 1,2,2-三氯-1,1,2-三氟乙 烷 1,2,2-Trichloro-1,1,2- trifluoroethane C2Cl3F3 214.1 3.4144 0.576 39 全氟乙烯 Tetrafluoroethylene C2F4 33.3 3.9433 0.58 40 丙 炔 Propyne C3H4 129.23 5.6273 0.245 41 丙 腈 Propanenitrile C3H5N 29

16、1.2 4.1845 0.240 42 丙 烯 Propylene C3H6 91.8 4.6202 0.233 43 环丙烷 Cyclopropane C3H6 124.65 5.4945 - 44 丙 酮 Acetone C3H6O 236.5 4.7823 0.278 45 甲酸甲酯 Methyl formate C2H4O2 214.0 6.0035 0.349 46 甲酸乙酯 Ethyl formate C3H6O2 235.3 4.7377 0.323 47 甲酸丙酯 Propyl formate C4H8O2 264.9 4.0609 0.309 48 甲酸异丁酯 i-Butyl

17、 formate C5H10O2 278.0 3.8805 0.29 49 甲酸戊酯 Amyl formate C6H12O2 303.0 - - 50 乙酸甲酯 Methyl acetate C3H6O2 233.7 4.6941 0.325 51 乙酸乙酯 Ethyl acetate C4H8O2 250.1 3.8491 0.308 52 乙酸丙酯 Propyl acetate C5H10O2 276.2 3.3628 0.269 53 乙酸丁酯 n-Butyl acetate C6H12O2 306.0 - - 54 乙酸异丁酯 i-Butyl acetate C6H12O2 288.

18、0 - - 55 丙酸甲酯 Methyl propionate C4H8O2 257.4 4.0041 0.312 56 丙酸乙酯 Ethyl propionate C5H10O2 272.9 3.3617 0.296 57 丙酸丙酯 Propyl propionate C6H12O2 305.0 - - 58 丙酸异丁酯 i-Butyl propionate C7H14O2 319.0 - - 59 丁酸甲酯 Methyl-n-butyrate C5H10O2 281.3 3.4732 0.300 60 丁酸乙酯 Ethyl-n-butanoate C6H12O2 293.0 3.0396

19、0.28 61 戊 酸 Valeric acid C5H10O2 378.0 - - 62 异丙醇 i-Propanol C3H8O 235.16 4.7640 0.273 63 甲基乙基醚 Methyl ethyl ether C3H8O 164.7 4.3972 0.272 64 三甲基胺 Trimethylamine C3H9N 160.1 4.0730 0.233 65 丙 胺 n-Propylamine C3H9N 233.8 4.7417 - 66 丁 腈 Butyronitrile C4H7N 309.1 3.7893 - 67 丁 烯 Butylene C4H8 146.4 4

20、.0224 0.234 68 邻乙基甲苯 o-Ethyltoluene C9H12 380.0 3.1411 0.28 69 间乙基甲苯 m-Ethyltoluene C9H12 363.0 3.1411 0.28 70 对乙基甲苯 p-Ethyltoluene C9H12 363.0 3.1411 0.28 71 正丁酸 n-Butyric acid C4H8O2 355.0 5.2686 0.304 72 丁 烷 Butane C4H10 152.1 3.8197 0.228 73 乙 醚 Ethyl ether C4H10O 193.55 3.6373 0.265 74 正丁醇 n-Bu

21、tanol C4H10O 289.78 4.4124 0.270 75 正丁胺 n-Butyl amine C4H10N 251.0 4.1541 - 76 二乙胺 Diethylamine C4H11N 223.5 3.7083 0.243 77 全氟丁烷 Octafluorobutane C4F10 113.2 2.3232 0.629 78 吡 啶 Pyridine C5H5N 346.8 5.6333 0.312 79 环戊烷 Cyclopentane C5H10 238.5 4.5077 0.27 80 2-戊酮 2-Pentanone C5H10O 290.8 3.8906 0.2

22、86 81 正戊烷 n-Pentane C5H12 196.5 3.3790 0.237 82 2,2-二甲基丙烷 2,2-Dimethylpropane C5H12 160.60 3.1986 0.238 83 溴 苯 Phenyl bromide C6H5Br 397.0 4.5188 0.485 84 氯 苯 Chlorobenzene C6H5Cl 359.2 4.5188 0.365 85 碘 苯 Phenyl iodide C6H5I 448.0 4.5188 0.581 86 苯 Benzene C6H6 288.94 4.8978 0.302 87 苯 酚 Phenol C6H

23、5OH 421.1 6.1298 0.41 88 苯 胺 Aniline C6H5NH2 426.0 5.3091 0.34 89 全氟苯 Octafluorobenzene C6F6 243.57 3.3042 - 90 甲基环戊烷 Methyl cyclopentane C6H12 259.6 3.7893 0.264 91 环己烷 Cyclohexane C6H12 280.3 4.0730 0.273 92 正己烷 n-Hexane C6H14 234.2 2.9686 0.233 93 2,2-二甲基丁烷 2,2-Dimethylbutane C6H14 215.58 3.0801

24、0.240 94 三乙基胺 Triethylamine C6H15N 262.0 3.0396 0.26 95 苯甲醛 Benzaldehyde C6H5CHO 352.0 2.1783 - 96 甲 苯 Toluene C7H8 318.57 4.6151 0.292 97 邻甲苯酚 o-Cresol C7H8O 424.4 5.0052 0.384 98 间甲苯酚 m-Cresol C7H8O 432.6 4.5594 0.346 99 对甲苯酚 p-Cresol C7H8O 431.4 5.1470 0.391 100 甲基环己烷 Methyl cyclohexane C7H14 299

25、.1 3.4773 0.285 101 3-乙基戊烷 3-Ethyl pentane C7H16 267.42 2.8906 0.241 102 乙 苯 Ethyl benzene C8H10 343.94 3.6090 0.284 103 邻二甲苯 o-Xylene C8H10 357.1 3.7326 0.243 104 间二甲苯 m-Xylene C8H10 343.82 3.4955 0.282 105 对二甲苯 p-Xylene C8H10 343.0 3.5107 0.282 106 2,3-二甲苯酚 2,3-Dimethylphenol C8H11O 449.7 4.8633 0.26 107 2,4-二甲苯酚 2,4-Dimethylphenol C8H11O 434.4 4.3570 0.24 108 2,5-二甲苯酚 2,5-Dimethylphenol C8H11O 449.9 4.8636 0.26 109