人教版八年级上册英语单词词组句型和语法知识点Word文档格式.docx

1、1.anywhere 与 somewhere 两者都是不定副词。anywhere 在任何地方 ， 常用于否定句和疑问句中。I cant find it anywhere.somewhere 在某处，到某处，常用于肯定句。 I lost my key somewhere near here.2. seem + 形容词 看起来. You seem happy today.seem + to do sth. 似乎、好像做某事 I seem to have a cold I seems / seemed + 从句 看起来好像；似乎. It seems that no one believe you.

2、seem like .好像，似乎. It seems like a god idea. 3. decide to do sth.决定做某事 They decide to visit the museum.decide + 疑问词 + 动词不定式 He can not decide when to leave.4. start doing sth = start to do sth. 开始，可与begin 互换 。He started doing his homework. 但以下几种情况不能用begin .1）创办，开办： He started a new bllkshop last mont

3、h.2）机器开动： I cant start my car.3）出发，动身： I will start tomorrow morning.5. over 介词，多于，超过，在以上（表示数目、程度）= more thanMy father is over 40 years old.在之上，与物体垂直且不接触，与 under 相反。 There is a map over the blackboard.超过： I hear the news over the radio. 遍及： I want to travel all over the world.6. too many 太多，后接可数名词复数

4、： Mother bought too many eggs yesterday.too much 太多，修饰不可数名词，修饰动词作状语。 We have too much work to do. Dont talk too much.much too 太，修饰形容词或副词。The hat is much too big for me. Youre walking much too fast.分辨三者的口诀： too much, much too, 用法区别看后头： much 后接不可数， too 后修饰形或副。too many 要记住，后面名词必复数。7. because of 介词短语，因为

5、，由于，后接名词、代词或动名词，不能接句子。He cant take a walk because of the rain.because 连词，因为，引导状语从句，表示直接明确的原因或理由。I dont buy the shirt because it was too expensive.Unit2 How often do you exercise?help with housework帮助做家务 on weekends在周末 how often多久一次 hardly ever几乎从不 once a week每周一次 twice a month每月两次 every day每天 be fre

6、e有空 go to the movies去看电影 use the Internet用互联网 swing dance摇摆舞 play tennis打网球stay up late熬夜；睡得很晚 at least至少 go to bed early早点睡觉 such as比如；诸如ave dance and piano lessons 上舞蹈课和钢琴课 play sports进行体育活动 be good for对有好处 go camping去野营 notat all一点儿也不 in ones free time在某人的业余时间 the most popular最受欢迎的 old habits die

7、 hard积习难改 go to the dentist去看牙医morn than多于；超过 less than少于help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事 want sb. to do sth. 想让某人做某事How about? .怎么样？/ 好不好？How many+可数名词复数+一般疑问句？ 有多少?主语+find+that从句. 发现 by doing sth. 通过做某事spend time with sb. 和某人一起度过时光 Its+ adj.+ to do sth. 做某事的的。ask sb. about sth. 向某人询问某事Whats your favorit

8、e? 你最喜爱的是什么？the best way to do sth. 做某事的最好方式语法要点：What do you usually do on weekends? I always exercise.What do they do on weekends? They often help with housework.What does she do on weekends? She sometimes goes shopping.How often do you go to the movies? I go to the movies maybe once a month.How of

9、ten does he watch TV? He hardly ever watches TV.Do you go shopping? No, I never go shopping.1. how often 多久一次，用来提问动作发生的频率。回答用：once，twice, three times 等词语。How often do you play sports? Three times a week.how long 多长，用来询问多长时间，也可询问某物有多长。How long does it take to get to Shanghai from here? How long is th

10、e ruler?how for 多远， 用来询问距离，指路程的远近。 How far is it from here to the park? Its about 2 kilometers.2.free 空闲的，有空的， 反义词为 busy. be free 有空，闲着，相当于 have time.Ill be free next week. = Ill have time next week. 还可作“免费的、自由的”解。be free to do sth. 自由地做某事。The tickets are free. Youre free to go or to stay.3.How come

11、？ 怎么会？ 怎么回事？表示某件事情很奇怪，有点想不通；可单独使用，也可引导一个问句， 相当于疑问句 why, 但 how come 开头的特殊疑问句使用的仍然是陈述语序。How come Tom didnt come to the party? = Why didnt Tom come to the party?4.stay up late 指“熬夜到很晚，迟睡”。 Dont stay up late next time. stay up 指“熬夜，不睡觉”。 He stayed up all night to write his story.5.go to bed 强调“上床睡觉”的动作及

12、过程，但人不一定睡着。I went to bed at eleven last night.go to sleep 强调“入睡，睡着，进入梦乡”。 She was so tired that she went to sleep soon.6.find + 宾语 +名词, 发现 ： We have found him （to be） a good boy.find + 宾语 + 形容词， 发现： He found the room dirty.find + 宾语 + 现在分词， 发现 ： I found her standing at the door.7.percent 百分数， 基数词 +

13、percent： percent 没有复数形式，作主语时，根据所修饰的名词来判断谓语的单复数。 Forty percent of the students in our class are girls. Thirty percent of time passed.8.more than 超过，多于，不仅仅， 相当于 over. 在句型转换中考查两者的同义替换。反义词组为：less than. I lived in Shanghai for more than / over ten years.9. afraid 形容词， 担心的，害怕的，在句中作表语，不用在名词前作定语。Im afraid w

14、e cant come here on time. be afraid of sb / sth 害怕某人 / 某事； be afraid of doing sth. 害怕做某事。Some children are afraid of the dark. Dont be afraid of asking question.Im afraid + 从句， 恐怕， 担心： Im afraid I have to go now.10. sometimes , sometime, some times , some time 的区别：sometimes 频度副词， 有时。表示动作发生的不经常性，多与一般

15、现在时连用，可位于句首、句中或句末。Sometimes I get up very early. -How often do you get up?sometime 副词，某个时候。 表示不确切或不具体的时间，常用于过去时或将来时，对它用疑问词when.I will go to Shanghai sometime next week. -When will you go to Shanghai next week?some times 名词词组， 几次，几倍。其中time 是可数名词，对它提问用how many times.I have read the story some times. -

16、How many times have you read the story?some time 名词短语， 一段时间. 表示“一段时间”时，句中谓语动词常为延续性动词，提问时用 How long.I ll stay here for some time. -How long will you stay here?Unit3 Im more outgoing than my sister.more outgoing更外向 asas与一样 the singing competition唱歌比赛 be similar to与相像的/类似的 the same as和相同；与一致 be differe

17、nt from与不同care about关心；介意 be like a mirror像一面镜子 the most important最重要的 as long as只要；既然 bring out使显现；使表现出 get better grades取得更好的成绩reach for伸手取 in fact事实上；实际上 make friends交朋友 the other其他的touch ones heart感动某人 be talented in music有音乐天赋be good at擅长 be good with善于与相处have fun doing sth.享受做某事的乐趣 be good at

18、doing sth擅长做某事 make sb. do sth.让某人做某事 want to do sth.想要做某事 as+adj./adv.的原级+as 与一样 Its+ adj.+for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说，做某事的。形容词和副词的比较级、最高级 大多数形容词和副词有三个等级：1）原级（不作比较），修饰词very, so, too, pretty, really；2）比较级，表示“较”或“更”的意思（两者之间进行比较）, 标志词than, A or B, of the two, 修饰词much, a lot, a little；3）最高级，表示“最”的意思（三者或三者

19、以上作比较），形容词最高级前面一般要加定冠词the，后面可带in（of）短语来什么比较的范围。形容词和副词的比较级和最高级规则变化： 构 成 方 法 原 级 比 较 级最 高 级单音节词和部分双音节词一般在词尾加-er或-esthighshorthighershorter highestshortest以字母e词尾的词，加-r或-stlatefinelaterfinest latestfinest重读闭音节词词尾只有一个辅音字母时，先双写辅音字母，再加-er或-esthotbigthinfathotterbiggerthinnerfatterhottestbiggestthinnestfatt

20、est以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词，先把“y”改为“i”，再加-er或-est funnyeasyearlyfunniereasierearlierfunniesteasiestearliest多音节词和部分双音节词在词前加more或mostbeautifulathleticoutgoingmore beautifulmore athleticmore outgoingmost beautifulmost athleticmost outgoing形容词和副词的比较级和最高级不规则变化： 比较级 最高级 good/well better best bad/badly worse worst

21、 many/much more most little less least far farther（更远） further（更深远） farthest（最远） furthest（最深远）as（原级）as与一样 not as/soas不如Liming is as tall as Jim. Jack runs as fast as Tom.Lily is not as/so tall as Lucy. =Lily is shorter than Lucy.语法知识：Is Tom smarter than Sam? No,he isnt. Sam is smarter than Tom.Is Ta

22、ra more outgoing than Tina? No, she isnt. Tina is more outgoing than Tara.Are you a friendly as your sister? No, Im not. Im friendlier.Does Tara work as hard as Tina? Yes, she does.Whos more hardworking at school? Tina thinks she works harder than me.laugh v. & n. 笑We all laughed loudly when she mad

23、e a joke. 她说了个笑话，我们都大声笑起来。We all laughed at his joke. 听了他的笑话我们都笑起来。He laughs best who laughs last. 谁笑在最后，谁笑得最好。/不要高兴得太早。（与at连用）嘲笑Dont laugh at him. 别嘲笑他。People have often laughed at stories told by seamen. 人们常常嘲笑海员所讲的故事。Everyone laughed at his foolish antics. 大家都笑他那种愚蠢的滑稽动作。笑；笑声 We had a good laugh

24、at his joke. 我们被他的笑话逗得哈哈大笑。though conj. 虽然；纵然；即使；尽管 = althoughThough it was raining，he went there. 虽然当时正下着雨，他还是到那里去了。Though he was poor he was happy. 虽然他很穷却很快乐。注意：不能受汉语的影响，在though引导的从句后使用but。如：Though he was poor，but he was happy.（误）though adv. 不过，可是，然而，常用于句末，用逗号隔开。Jim said that he would come, he did

25、nt , though. Unit4 Whats the best movie theater?movie theater电影院 close to离近 clothes store服装店 in town在镇上 so far到目前为止 10 minutes by bus 坐公共汽车10分钟的路程 talent show才艺表演 in common共同；共有 around the world世界各地；全世界 more and more越来越and so on等等 all kinds of各种各样的 for example例如 be up to是的职责；由决定 not everybody并不是每个人

26、make up编造（故事、谎言等） play a role in在方面发挥作用/有影响 takeseriously认真对待 give sb. sth.给某人某物 come true（梦想、希望）实现；达到Can I ask you some? 我能问你一些吗？How do you like? 你认为怎么样？Thanks for doing sth. 因做某事而感谢。What do you think of? 你认为怎么样?much+ adj./adv.的比较级 得多watch sb. do sth. 观看某人做某事play a role in doing sth. 发挥做某事是作用/在做某事方面扮演重要的角色one of+可数名词的复数 之一语法：Whats the best movie theater to go to ? Town Cinema. Its the closest to home. And you can buy tickets the most quickly there?Which is the worst clothes store in town? Dream Clothes. Its worse than Blue Moon. It has the worst service.What do you t