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最新高中英语十六种时态精讲及练习题附答案Word文件下载.docx

1、3) 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。 Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well.2 一般过去时的用法 1)在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。时间状语有:yesterday, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982 yesterday morning (afternoon, evening)last night (week, month, year),a moment ago , a week ago, three years agojust now,等。 Where did you g

2、o just now?2) 表示过去习惯性动作。特别是由would/ used to do表达的句型,本身表示的就是过去时。例:The old man would sit on a bench in the quiet park and look at others for hours without doing anything or talking to anybody.(老人过去常常坐在宁静的公园里的一条长椅上,看着其他的人,一坐就是数个小时,什么也不干,也不和任何人交谈。)He used to visit his mother once a week.(他以前总是每周看望一次他的母亲。

3、3) 有时可代替一般现在时,表达一种婉转、客气、礼貌、商量的语气。情态动词 could, would.例:I wanted to ask you if I could borrow your car?(我想向您借车用一用,可以吗?Would you mind my sitting here?(您介意我坐在这里吗?现在完成时与一般过去时的区别 现在完成时表示的是与现在有关联的过去事件;而一般过去时则与现在毫无关系,只是单纯的过去的情况。比较:I have lost my pen, so I have to buy one. 我丢了钢笔,所以得去买一枝。I lost my pen, but fou

4、nd it later. 我丢了钢笔,但后来找到了。当句子中有表示明确过去的状语时,只能用一般过去时,不能用现在完成时。如:他一周以前动身去了纽约。误:He has left for New York a week ago. 正:He left for New York a week ago. 另外,当句首为疑问词when时,其后可用一般过去时,不能用现在完成时。你什么时候和他首次见面的?When have you first met him? 正 :When did you first meet him?3一般将来时 一、意义:表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态,也表示将来经常或重复发

5、生的动作。时间标志:tomorrow , soon ,next Monday , next year , next weekend , this afternoon , this evening 二. 构成及变化:一般将来时常用的两种结构be going to+动词原形 : 表示打算、准备做的事或即将发生或肯定要发生的事。shall/will+动词原形 : 表示将要发生的动作或情况,没有太多的计划性, 还用来表示意愿Hes going to New York next week.下周他要去纽约.It will rain tonight.一般现在时表将来 1)下列动词:come, go, arr

6、ive, leave, start, begin, return的一般现在时表将来。这主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。The train leaves at six tomorrow morning.When does the bus star? It stars in ten minutes.2)倒装句,表示动作正在进行,如: Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming. There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing.3)在时间或条件句中。 When Bill comes (不是will come), as

7、k him to wait for me. Ill write to you as soon as I arrive there.4)在动词hope, take care that, make sure that等后。 I hope they have a nice time next week. Make sure that the windows are closed before you leave the room.4.过去将来时(would do)概念:立足于过去某一时刻,从过去看将来,常用于宾语从句中。 时间状语:the next day(morning, year),the fo

8、llowing month(week),etc. (一)“would+动词原形”。常表示按计划或安排即将发生的事。例如He said he would come to see me.他说他要来看我。He told me he would go to Beijing.他告诉我他将去北京。(二)“was/ were+going to+动词原形”。常可用来表示按计划或安排即将发生的事。例如:She said she was going to start off at once.她说她将立即出发。I was told that he was going to return home.有人告诉我他准备回

9、家。此结构还可表示根据当时情况判断有可能但不一定会发生某事。It seemed as if it was going to rain.看来好像要下雨。(三)come, go, leave, arrive, start等动词可用过去进行时代替过去将来时。He said the train was leaving at six the next morning.他说火车将于第二天早晨六点离开。She told me she was coming to see me.她告诉我她要来看我。1- The plane is leaving right now, but Jim hasnt arrived

10、yet. - Well, he said he _here on time. A came B would come C can be D will be2 As soon as the baby saw her mother, she _. A was going to cry B cried C began to cry D was crying3 Li Ming said he _happy if Brian_to China next month. A as; come B was; would come C would be; came D will be; come4Jenny s

11、aid she _her holiday in China. A spent B would spent C was going to spent D would spend5现在进行时( be doing)1)表示现在( 指说话人说话时) 正在发生的事情。 We are waiting for you.2)习惯进行:表示长期的或重复性的动作,说话时动作未必正在进行。 Mr. Green is writing another novel.(说话时并未在写,只处于写作的状态。3)表示计划或安排好了的将来动作,常与一个表示将来的时间状语连用Mike is coming home on Thursd

12、ay. 迈克星期四回来一般现在时与现在进行时的区别(一) 一般现在时表示动作的习惯性和经常性,可带频率时间,无时限性。现在进行时表示动作的暂时性;The shop closes at 7:30 p.m. Father doesnt smoke. (习惯) I watch TV every day. (经常性) I am watching TV now. (暂时性)He studies hard. 他(经常)努力学习。 He is studying hard. 他(此刻或现阶段)正在努力学习。 (二)持续动词的一般时表持续情况,表示长久性动作,经常性,习惯性行为或客观存在的事实、事物的本质特性,

13、没有时限性。进行时表暂时性或有限时刻的持续,表示短暂性动作,The table _ soft。(feels) 表特性特征。 Japan _ in the east of China。(lives) 表客观事实He lives in Beijing.(生活在北京 ) He is living in Beijing.(目前住在北京暂时性)Lucy lives in Beijing. (长久性居住) Lucy is living in Beijing.(短时间居住) 短暂动词的一般时叙述事实,特征,能力,而进行时描述反复发生,即将发生或刚开始行为。 He jumps high. (特征) He is

14、 jumping very high. (反复) 考题 I dont really work here! I _ until the new secretary arrives. A. just help out B. Have just helped out C.am just helping out D. Will just help out 分析 依题意“我不能在此工作”,说明help out这一行为只是眼前暂时发生的事,选。考题 It seldom _ her but it _ heavily. A. snows/snows B.snows /snowing C. Is snowing

15、 /I s snowing D. Is snowing /snows 分析 seldom 表频率叙述经常性事实用一般现在时,but 转折描述眼前暂时情况,用现在进行时,故选。(三)现在进行时带always,continually,forever,constantly, for ever等频率副词,表示重复的动作,有着极大的感情色彩,表示不满或满意。,而一般现在时所表述的动作通常是事实。Youre always forgetting the most important things. (责备) He often helps others. (事实)He is always making noi

16、ses in class. (讨厌) He is always helping others. (赞扬) He is perpetually interfering in my affairs.她老是干预我的事。 (不满)The students are making progress constantly.学生们在不断进步。 (满意)(四)一些表示情感状态、知觉认识、愿望或短暂性的动词,不能用进行时,不能用现在进行时态,通常用一般现在时表示说话时发生的动作而应用一般现在时。see(明白),hear,know(知道),understand,want(需要;想要),like(喜欢),love,l

17、ike,hate, wish,hope,believe,hear,have(有),think(想;认为),agree, notice,等等。I have a lot of friends here.严格区分进行时与一般时的语义 (五)come,go,leave,start,return,move,reach,sail,fall 等一般时态表客观规定计划,进行时表主观打算推测。Flight 254 leaves at 5:30. (表客观规定计划) The plane is taking off an hour later.(主观判断)(六)一般现在时表示现在发生的动作,现在进行时表示眼前看得见

18、的动作。Boats pass under the bridge. 船从桥下穿过。The boat is passing under the bridge.船正从桥下穿过。6 过去进行时(was/were doing) 1)概念:过去进行时主要表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作,或表示过去某一阶段一直在进行的动作2)过去进行时的主要用法是描述一件事发生的背景;一个长动作发生的时候,另一个短动作发生。3) 常用的时间状语this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, whi

19、le It was raining when they left the station. When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining.典型例题1) Mary _ a dress when she cut her finger.A. made B. is making C. was making D. makes2) As she _ the newspaper, Granny _ asleep. read; was fallingB. was reading; fellC. was reading; was falli

20、ngD. read;fell一、过去进行时结构:was/were + 动词的现在分词否定句则在was/were后加一个not,疑问句将was/were提前则可。He was reading a book at 5:00pm yesterday. He was not reading a book at 5:00 yesterday.Was he reading a book at 5:00 yesterday? (Yes, he was./ No, he wasnt.)What was he doing at 5:二、过去进行时用法:1. 过去进行时主要表示过去某个时刻正在进行的动作,常和表示

21、过去的状语连用。 (just)then 那时,当时 at this/that time 在这/那时 yesterday afternoon昨天下午 at nine 在九点 last night 昨晚 (at)this time yesterday在昨天这个时候 但在不少情况下,没有表示时间的状语,这时需要通过上下文来表示。 What were you doing at nine last night? 昨晚九点的时候,你在做什么? I was watching TV at home yesterday afternoon. 我昨天下午正在家里看电视。 They were playing foo

22、tball at this time yesterday.昨天这个时候他们在踢足球。2.过去进行时也可以表示过去某一段时间内正在进行的动作。常与those days, the whole morning, from 8:00 to 12:00 last night等时间状语连用。(1)From 1983 to 1998 , he was teaching at Yale . 从1983到1998年,他正在耶鲁大学教书。(2)They were building a bridge last winter . 去年冬天他们正在造一座桥。 (3) He was writing a book thos

23、e days. 那几天他正在写一本书3、过去进行时和一般过去时的区别。(1)过去进行时表示过去某时正在进行的动作,而一般过去时则表示一个完成的动作。也就是说用一般过去时,只表示有过这件事;用过去进行时,则强调动作的连续性。 I wrote a letter this morning. 今天上午我写了一封信。(信写完了)I was writing a letter this morning. 今天上午我在写一封信。(信不一定写完)(2) 表示过去的状态、感觉及心理活动的静态动词(如be, like, love, hate, fear, own, hear, see, know, want, no

24、tice)可用于一般过去时,但通常不用于进行时。I hated it when a man spoke with his mouth full of food. 我讨厌人们说话时口里含着食物。下面几种情况不用一般过去时而要用过去进行时: (1) when作并列连词,表示“(这时)突然”之意时,第一个并列分句用过去进行时,when引导的并列分句用一般过去时。I was taking a walk when I met him. 我正在散步,突然遇见了他。We were playing outside when it began to rain. 我们正在外边玩,这时下起雨来了。(2) go, c

25、ome, leave, start, arrive等动词可用过去进行时表示过去将来的含义。I was leaving for Wuhan that day. 那天我正要去武汉。She was coming later. 她随后就来。过去进行时巩固练习:1Simon _ (make) a model plane at 8:00 a.m.2Peter _(do) his homework at seven last night.3They _ (watch) a football match from 7:00 to 9:00 last night.4He _(try) to draw a pla

26、ne on the blackboard at that time.5What book _ you _(read) when I _ (see)you at four yesterday afternoon?6While she _ (watch) TV, her son _ (play) outside the room.7It _ (begin) to rain when we _(work) in the field.8I _ (do) my homework last night when the light _ (go) out. go out 意为熄灭9I saw you in

27、the reading room yesterday , Tom. What were you doing?-Oh, I _ (read) some books on science.10.- Did you see Tim just now? - Yes. He _ (fish) by the river.11.When the teacher _ (come) into the classroom, the students _(laugh)loudly.7将来进行时(shall/will be doing)将来某时(段)正进行,预计不久要发生。通常用在口语中,语气委婉顿生情。”【用法】将

28、来进行时由“助动词will/shall+be现在分词”构成,具体用法如下:(1)表示将来某时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作。常与soon,tomorrow,thisevening,onSunday,bytime,intwodays,tomorrowevening等表示将来的时间状语连用。IwillhavinganEnglishclassat8tomorrow.我明天八点钟正在上英语课。Maryworkingthefactorynextmonths.下两个月玛丽将在这个厂里工作。(2)在口语中常用来表示按计划或安排即要发生的动作。ThistimeflyingtoNewYork.明天这个时候我将飞往纽约。At7:00eveningwatchingnewsprogrammesTV.今晚七时,我将正在收看电视上的新闻节目。(3)表示预料不久要发生或势必要发生的事情或将来的某种

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