高考英语 专题十三 阅读理解全国通用1Word文件下载.docx

1、Dont forget the clockor the radio.People who eat slowly tend to consume about 70 fewer calories（卡路里） per meal than those who rush through their meals.Begin keeping track of the time，and try to make dinner last at least 30 minutes.And while youre at it，actually sit down to eat.If you need some help s

2、lowing down，turn on relaxing music.It makes you less likely to rush through a meal.Downsize the dishes.Big serving bowls and plates can easily make us fat.We eat about 22 percent more when using a 12inch plate instead of a 10inch plate.When we choose a large spoon over a smaller one，total intake（摄入）

3、 jumps by 14 percent.And well pour about 30 percent more liquid into a short，wide glass than a tall，skinny glass.【语篇导读】这是一篇科普说明文。短文主要说明了人的食量与房子粉刷的颜色、灯光的明暗等有着密切的关系。它们对人的身材会产生一定的影响。1.The text is especially helpful for those who care about .A.their home comfortsB.their body shapeC.house buyingD.healthy

4、 diets解析推理判断题。短文主要说明了饮食与室内光线、墙壁的颜色、餐具的尺寸及进餐的速度等有着密切的关系。显然这对于那些注重体型的人是有所帮助的。故答案为B。答案B2.A home environment in blue can help people .A.digest food betterB.reduce food intakeC.burn more caloriesD.regain their appetites解析事实细节题。根据第三段“.people who ate meals in a blue room consumed 33 percent less than those

5、 in a yellow or red room.”可知，蓝色的用餐环境有助于减少食物摄入量。因此B项正确。3.What are people advised to do at mealtimes?A.Eat quickly.B.Play fast music.C.Use smaller spoons.D.Turn down the lights.由第四段第二句可知，进餐快的人比进餐慢的人每顿饭多消耗70卡路里的热量。由此可知A项错误。由第四段倒数第二句中的“turn on relaxing music”可知B项不对。而由第二段首句中的“turn up the lights”可知D项也是错误的

6、。根据最后一段“when we choose a large spoon over a smaller one，total intake jumps by 14 percent.”也可直接推知答案为C。答案C4.What can be a suitable title for the text?A.Is Your House Making You Fat?B.Ways of Serving DinnerC.Effects of SelfConsciousnessD.Is Your Home Environment Relaxing?解析标题归纳题。短文首句即为主题句：房子可能影响住户的身材。接

7、下来从房子的颜色、室内灯光等方面说明了对饮食的影响。用A项作标题，既能总括全文，又能吸引读者。答案APassage 2（2015安徽）家庭团结304When her five daughters were young, Helene An always told them that there was strength in unity （团结）. To show this, she held up one chopstick, representing one person. Then she easily broke it into two pieces. Next, she tied s

8、everal chopsticks together, representing a family. She showed the girls it was hard to break the tied chopsticks. This lesson about family unity stayed with the daughters as they grew up.Helene An and her family own a large restaurant business in California. However, when Helene and her husband Dann

9、y left their home in Vietnam in 1975, they didnt have much money. They moved their family to San Francisco. There they joined Dannys mother, Diana, who owned a small Italian sandwich shop. Soon afterwards, Helene and Diana changed the sandwich shop into a small Vietnamese restaurant. The five daught

10、ers helped in the restaurant when they were young. However, Helene did not want her daughters to always work in the family business because she thought it was too hard.Eventually the girls all graduated from college and went away to work for themselves, but one by one, the daughters returned to work

11、 in the family business. They opened new restaurants in San Francisco and Los Angeles. Even though family members sometimes disagreed with each other, they worked together to make the business successful. Daughter Elisabeth explains, “Our mother taught us that to succeed we must have unity, and to h

12、ave unity we must have peace. Without the strength of the family, there is no business.”Their expanding business became a large corporation in 1996, with three generations of Ans working together. Now the Ans corporation makes more than $20 million each year. Although they began with a small restaur

13、ant, they had big dreams, and they worked together. Now they are a big success.【语篇导读】文章通过讲述家庭企业的发展历程来强调家庭团结的重要性。介绍了Helene An和她的丈夫离开越南时，他们并不富有。Helene An以筷子为例教育孩子在家庭及事业中要团结起来，只要有梦想，一定会成功。1.Helene tied several chopsticks together to show .A.the strength of family unity B.the difficulty of growing upC.t

14、he advantage of chopsticks D.the best way of giving a lesson解析句意：海琳把几支筷子绑在一起来显示家庭团结的力量。考查细节理解。由第一段Helene An always told them that there was strength in unity与B项意思相近。2.We can learn from Paragraph 2 that the An family .A.started a business in 1975B.left Vietnam without much moneyC.bought a restaurant

15、in San FranciscoD.opened a sandwich shop in Los Angeles解析考查细节理解。由they didnt have much money与B项意思相近。3.What can we infer about the An daughters?A.They did not finish their college education.B.They could not bear to work in the family business.C.They were influenced by what Helene taught them.D.They we

16、re troubled by disagreement among family members.解析考查推理判断。由第三段Our mother taught us that to succeed we must have unity可知。4.Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?A.How to Run a CorporationB.Strength Comes from PeaceC.How to Achieve a Big DreamD.Family Unity Builds Success解析考查主旨大

17、意。由文章最后一段可知文章主要讲的是家庭团结对取得成功的重要性。文章没有讲怎样经营一家大型公司，也没有提到怎样实现伟大梦想。答案DPassage 3（2015互联网与记忆288As Internet users become more dependent on the Internet to store information, are people remembering less? If you know your computer will save information, why store it in your own personal memory, your brain? Ex

18、perts are wondering if the Internet is changing what we remember and how.In a recent study, Professor Betsy Sparrow conducted some experiments. She and her research team wanted to know how the Internet is changing memory. In the first experiment, they gave people 40 unimportant facts to type into a

19、computer. The first group of people understood that the computer would save the information. The second group understood that the computer would not save it. Later, the second group remembered the information better. People in the first group knew they could find the information again, so they did n

20、ot try to remember it.In another experiment, the researchers gave people facts to remember, and told them where to find the information on the computer. The information was in a specific computer folder （文件夹）. Surprisingly, people later remembered the folder location （位置） better than the facts. When

21、 people use the Internet, they do not remember the information. Rather, they remember how to find it. This is called “transactive memory （交互记忆）”According to Sparrow, we are not becoming people with poor memories as a result of the Internet. Instead, computer users are developing stronger transactive

22、 memories; that is, people are learning how to organize huge quantities of information so that they are able to access it at a later date. This doesnt mean we are becoming either more or less intelligent, but there is no doubt that the way we use memory is changing.【语篇导读】该篇介绍了专家们通过实验了解了互联网是如何改变我们记忆内

23、容以及方式的，但这并不意味着我们是否能变得聪明，但毫无疑问的是，我们记忆的方式正在改变。1.The passage begins with two questions to .A.introduce the main topic B.show the authors altitudeC.describe how to use the Internet. D.explain how to store information解析考查写作意图。由第一段可知作者使用两个问题是为了引出要讨论的话题。2.What can we learn about the first experiment?A.The

24、Sparrows team typed the information into a computer. B.The two groups remembered the information equally well.C.The first group did not try to remember the information. D.The second group did not understand the information.由第二段so they did not try to remember it可知。3.In transactive memory, people .A.k

25、eep the information in mind B.change the quantity of information C.organize information like a computerD.remember how to find the information由第三段Rather, they remember how to find it可知在交互记忆里，人们记得如何找到信息。4.What is the effect of the Internet according to Sparrows research? A.We are using memory differen

26、tly. B.We are becoming more intelligent.C.We have poorer memories than before.D.We need a better way to access information.由第四段but there is no doubt that the way we use memory is changing可知。Passage 4（2015四川）金字塔436No one is sure how the ancient Egyptians built the pyramids near Cairo.But a new study

27、suggests they used a little rocknroll.Longago builders could have attached wooden poles to the stones and rolled then across the sand, the scientists say.“Technically, I think what theyre proposing is possible，” physicist Daniel Bonn said.People have long puzzled over how the Egyptians moved such hu

28、ge rocks.And theres no obvious answer.On average, each of the two million big stones weighed about as much as a large pickup truck.The Egyptians somehow moved the stone blocks to the pyramid site from about one kilometer away.The most popular view is that Egyptian workers slid the blocks along smooth paths.Many scientists suspect workers first would have put the blocks on sleds（滑板）.Then they would have dragged them along paths.To make the work easier, workers may have lubricated the paths either wit