考研英语二真题集答案详解Word文件下载.docx

1、The idea is to 8 a federation of private online identity systems. User could 9 which system to join， and only registered users whose identities have been authenticated could navigate those systems. The approach contrasts with one that would require an Internet drivers license 10 by the government. G

2、oogle and Microsoft are among companies that already have these“single sign-on” systems that make it possible for users to 11 just once but use many different services. 12 .the approach would create a “walled garden” n cyberspace， with safe “neighborhoods” and bright “streetlights” to establish a se

3、nse of a 13 community. Mr. Schmidt described it as a “voluntary ecosystem” in which “individuals and organizations can complete online transactions with 14 ，trusting the identities of each other and the identities of the infrastructure 15 which the transaction runs”。Still， the administrations plan h

4、as 16 privacy rights activists. Some applaud the approach； others are concerned. It seems clear that such a scheme is an initiative push toward what would 17 be a compulsory Internet “drives license” mentality. The plan has also been greeted with 18 by some computer security experts， who worry that

5、the “voluntary ecosystem” envisioned by Mr. Schmidt would still leave much of the Internet 19 .They argue that all Internet users should be 20 to register and identify themselves， in the same way that drivers must be licensed to drive on public roads. 1. A.swept B.skipped C.walked D.ridden 2. A.for

6、B.within C.while D.though 3. A.careless B.lawless C.pointless D.helpless 4. A.reason B.reminder C.compromise D.proposal 5. A.information B.interference C.entertainment D.equivalent 6. A.by B.into C.from D.over 7. A.linked B.directed C.chained D.compared 8. A.dismiss B.discover C.create D.improve 9.

7、A.recall B.suggest C.select D.realize 10. A.relcased B.issued C.distributed D.delivered 11. A.carry on B.linger on C.set in D.log in 12. A.In vain B.In effect C.In return D.In contrast 13. A.trusted B.modernized c.thriving D.competing 14. A.caution B.delight C.confidence D.patience 15. A.on B.after

8、C.beyond D.across 16. A.divided B.disappointed C.protected D.united 17. A.frequestly B.incidentally C.occasionally D.eventually 18. A.skepticism B.relerance C.indifference D.enthusiasm 19. A.manageable B.defendable C.vulnerable D.invisible 20. A.invited B.appointed C.allowed D.forced Section II Read

9、ing Comprehension Part A Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A， B， C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. （40points） Text 1 Ruth Simmons joined Goldman Sachss board as an outside director in January 2000： a year later she became president of Brown Un

10、iversity. For the rest of the decade she apparently managed both roles without attracting much eroticism. But by the end of 2009 Ms. Simmons was under fire for having sat on Goldmans compensation committee； how could she have let those enormous bonus payouts pass unremarked？ By February the next yea

11、r Ms. Simmons had left the board. The position was just taking up too much time， she said. Outside directors are supposed to serve as helpful， yet less biased， advisers on a firms board. Having made their wealth and their reputations elsewhere， they presumably have enough independence to disagree wi

12、th the chief executives proposals. If the sky， and the share price is falling， outside directors should be able to give advice based on having weathered their own crises. The researchers from Ohio University used a database hat covered more than 10，000 firms and more than 64，000 different directors

13、between 1989 and 2004. Then they simply checked which directors stayed from one proxy statement to the next. The most likely reason for departing a board was age， so the researchers concentrated on those “surprise” disappearances by directors under the age of 70. They fount that after a surprise dep

14、arture， the probability that the company will subsequently have to restate earnings increased by nearly 20%. The likelihood of being named in a federal class-action lawsuit also increases， and the stock is likely to perform worse. The effect tended to be larger for larger firms. Although a correlati

15、on between them leaving and subsequent bad performance at the firm is suggestive， it does not mean that such directors are always jumping off a sinking ship. Often they “trade up.” Leaving riskier， smaller firms for larger and more stable firms. But the researchers believe that outside directors hav

16、e an easier time of avoiding a blow to their reputations if they leave a firm before bad news breaks， even if a review of history shows they were on the board at the time any wrongdoing occurred. Firms who want to keep their outside directors through tough times may have to create incentives. Otherw

17、ise outside directors will follow the example of Ms. Simmons， once again very popular on campus. 21. According to Paragraph 1， Ms. Simmons was criticized for . Againing excessive profits Bfailing to fulfill her duty Crefusing to make compromises Dleaving the board in tough times 22. We learn from Pa

18、ragraph 2 that outside directors are supposed to be . Agenerous investors Bunbiased executives Cshare price forecasters Dindependent advisers 23. According to the researchers from Ohio University after an outside directors surprise departure， the firm is likely to . Abecome more stable Breport incre

19、ased earnings Cdo less well in the stock market Dperform worse in lawsuits 24. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that outside directors . Amay stay for the attractive offers from the firm Bhave often had records of wrongdoings in the firm Care accustomed to stress-free work in the firm Dwil

20、l decline incentives from the firm 25. The authors attitude toward the role of outside directors is . Apermissive Bpositive Cscornful Dcritical Text 2 Whatever happened to the death of newspaper？ A year ago the end seemed near. The recession threatened to remove the advertising and readers that had

21、not already fled to the internet. Newspapers like the San Francisco Chronicle were chronicling their own doom. Americas Federal Trade commission launched a round of talks about how to save newspapers. Should they become charitable corporations？ Should the state subsidize them ？ It will hold another

22、meeting soon. But the discussions now seem out of date. In much of the world there is the sign of crisis. German and Brazilian papers have shrugged off the recession. Even American newspapers， which inhabit the most troubled come of the global industry， have not only survived but often returned to p

23、rofit. Not the 20% profit margins that were routine a few years ago， but profit all the same. It has not been much fun. Many papers stayed afloat by pushing journalists overboard. The American Society of News Editors reckons that 13，500 newsroom jobs have gone since 2007. Readers are paying more for

24、 slimmer products. Some papers even had the nerve to refuse delivery to distant suburbs. Yet these desperate measures have proved the right ones and， sadly for many journalists， they can be pushed further. Newspapers are becoming more balanced businesses， with a healthier mix of revenues from reader

25、s and advertisers. American papers have long been highly unusual in their reliance on ads. Fully 87% of their revenues came from advertising in 2008， according to the Organization for Economic Cooperation Development （OECD）。 In Japan the proportion is 35%. Not surprisingly， Japanese newspapers are m

26、uch more stable. The whirlwind that swept through newsrooms harmed everybody， but much of the damage has been concentrated in areas where newspaper are least distinctive. Car and film reviewers have gone. So have science and general business reporters. Foreign bureaus have been savagely cut off. New

27、spapers are less complete as a result. But completeness is no longer a virtue in the newspaper business. 26. By saying “Newspapers like their own doom” （Lines 3-4， Para. 1）， the author indicates that newspaper . Aneglected the sign of crisis Bfailed to get state subsidies Cwere not charitable corpor

28、ations Dwere in a desperate situation 27. Some newspapers refused delivery to distant suburbs probably because . Areaders threatened to pay less Bnewspapers wanted to reduce costs Cjournalists reported little about these areas Dsubscribers complained about slimmer products 28. Compared with their American counterparts， Japanese newspapers are much more stable because they . Ahave more sources of revenue Bhave more balanced newsrooms Care less dependent on advertising Dare less affected by readership 29. What can be inferred from the last paragraph about the curr