考研英语二图表作文写作方法和模板Word格式.docx

1、例如：This is a pie chart of the average weekly expenditure of a family in Great Britain. As can be see from the chart, the main expenditure of an average British family is spent on food, which accounts for 25% of its total expenditure. The next two significant expending items are transport and housing

2、, which are 15% and 12% respectively. If we take into account clothing and footwear, which makes up 10%, the four essentials of life, that is, food, transport, housing, and clothing and footwear, amount to 62% of the total expenditure.（2） 曲线图作文曲线图（Line graph）也称为线性图或坐标图。曲线图最适合表示两个变量之间关系的发展过程和趋势。一般来说，

3、曲线所呈现的形状比某一点所代表的变量的值更有意义。曲线图有横轴和纵轴。一般先看横轴所代表的数量或时间等，然后再看纵轴所显示的意义。同时必须找出线条所反映的最高或最低的变化。这个曲线图的横轴代表1990年的不同的月份，纵轴代表交通事故的数量。从交通事故曲线图上可知，前八个月的交通事故的数量有升有降。曲线图在八月份升到了最高点（39），此后一直呈下降的趋势，十二月份降到了最低点（16）。可见，1990年的交通事故的数量总体上呈下降的趋势。（3） 条形图作文条形图（Bar graph）也称为立柱图或圆柱图。条形图由宽度相同但长度不同的条块代表不同的量。当要比较几个项目或量时，常用不同颜色来区分。条形

4、图主要用来表示：1）同一项目在不同时间的量;2）同一时间不同项目的量。阅读条形图时，要先看图例，再看横轴、纵横各代表什么量，每一个刻度所代表的值是多少，最后找出图中各长条所表示的数据及各长条间的相互关系。左边的条形图的横轴代表时间，纵轴代表期望寿命（Life Expectancy），这一条形图想要体现的是同一项目（期望寿命）在不同时间的量。右边的条形图的横轴也是代表时间，纵轴是代表婴儿的死亡率（Infant Mortality），这一条形图想要体现的也是同一项目（婴儿的死亡率）在不同时间的量。左边的条形图表明1990年的人均期望寿命比1960年的人均期望寿命长20岁，而1990年的婴儿死亡率比

5、1960年的婴儿死亡率下降了50%。第二节 图表作文的出题形式例1 题目：Changes in Peoples Diet Study the following table carefully and your composition must be based on the information given in the table. Write three paragraphs to :1. state the changes in peoples diet （饮食） in the past five years;2. give possible reasons for the chan

6、ges;3. draw your own conclusions.You should quote as few figures as possible.例2 题目：Car Accidents Declining in Walton CityRemember that your composition must be written according to the following outline;1. Rise and fall of the rate of car accidents as indicated by the graph;2. Possible reason（s） for

7、 the decline of car accidents in the city;3. Your predictions of what will happen this year.Your composition should be no less than 120 words and you should quote as few figures as possible.例3 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Health Gain in Developing Cou

8、ntries. Your composition must be no less than 120 words and you should base your composition on the following instructions （given in Chinese）:1. 以下图为依据描述发展中国家的期望寿命（life expectancy）和婴儿死亡率（infant mortality）的变化情况2. 说明引起变化的各种原因从以上例子可见，图表作文一般在题目中给出作文的标题和一个或几个统计表格、圆形图、曲线图或条形图，有时还用英文或中文提纲的形式给出提示，要求我们：1）用文字

9、描述图表，客观解释图表中所传递的信息，并找出某种规律或趋势;2）就图表中所反映的某种趋势或问题分析其原因或后果。第三节 图表作文的写作要领图表作文着重说明事实，常常是通过对图表中所反映的具体数据的说明、分析、比较，对某种事物或现象的事实或变化情况等加以说明，并提出结论或看法。因此，图表作文常常采用议论文体的写作方法。写好图表作文，关键在于能否读懂图表中所提供的信息，把握各信息间的联系，用准确流畅的语言把这一信息表达出来，并就这一信息发表自己的看法。图表作文的写作步骤写图表作文时，要注意遵循以下步骤：1）认真分析图表的含义，弄清图表中所含的信息及不同信息间的关系;2）确定文章的主题思想，构思出文

10、章的基本框架，筛选出能说明图表主题思想的典型数据;3）编列文章的提纲;4）根据文章的提纲，将各段的提纲内容扩展成段落，然后将各个段落组成文章，注意段与段之间的衔接与过渡;5）检查与修改。图表作文的篇章结构写图表作文时，常采用三段式的谋篇方式。文章的第一段往往分析图表中的数据变化反映什么问题或趋势，概述图表所揭示的信息。第二段分析造成这一问题或趋势的原因。第三段则展望未来的情况或提出解决问题的办法或建议。这一结构可以简单地表述为：第一段：概述图表反映的主题思想第二段：分析产生的原因第三段：展望未来或提出方法或建议图表作文常用的句型（1）常用的开篇句型（即概述图表内容时常用的表达法） Accord

11、ing to the table/pie chart/line graph/bar graph, we can see/conclude that 根据该表/图，我们可知 The table/graph reveals （shows/indicates/illustrates/ represents/points out） that 该表/图表明 As we can see from the table As can be seen from the line/bar graph As is shown （illustrated/indicated） in the pie chart 如表/图

12、所示，（2） 描述增减变化常用的句型 Compared with is still increased by The number of grew/rose from to An increase is shown in ; then came a sharp increase of In the number remains the same/drops to There was a very slight （small/slow/gradual） rise/increase in 1990.There was a very steady （marked/sharp/rapid/sudden

13、/ dramatic） drop （decrease/ decline/ fall/ reduction） in 1998/ compared with that of last year）. 下面是根据例2的题目要求写的范文。From the graph, we can see that the number of car accidents in Walton city fluctuated during the year of 1990. The first two months of 1990 showed an increasing trend. The rate rose to 3

14、2 in March but fell to 26 in June. From June on, the rate was rising again and reached the peak point 39 in August. After August the rate began to decline remarkably, and eventually dropped to the lowest point 16 at the end of the year. Therefore, its obvious that car accident in Walton city decline

15、d in 1990.主题句/概述表格反映的内容（5）反映交通事故的变化情况（6）小结：总结表格数据反映的总趋势There are several reasons for the decline. First, a new traffic law was made and came into force. It provided that in summer every car must be air-conditioned. As a result, the highest rate in August, when humidity and high temperature make driv

16、ers impatient and easily lead to car accidents, dropped steadily. Second, new roads were built and some narrow streets were widened, which quickened the flow of traffic. Finally, the city administration made great efforts to heighten peoples awareness of observing traffic rules.主题句原因/措施一解释措施一/次要辅助采取

17、措施一后的结果原因/措施二原因/措施三With all these new measures, Im sure the rate of car accidents in Walton city will go on falling this year.总结：展望未来的情况第四节、 图表作文练习及其参考范文下面是写作练习，在写作的过程中注意审题，考虑文章的结构、采用的扩展方法、开头的结尾的方法以及文章中的过渡等。练习1：Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition of no le

18、ss than 120 words on Changes in Peoples Diet. Study the following table carefully and your composition must be based on the information given in the table. Write three paragraphs to:As is shown in the table, there have been great changes in peoples diet between 1986 and 1990. From the table, we can

19、find that grain, formerly the main food of most Chinese people, is now playing a less important role in peoples diet. And the same goes for fruit and vegetables. On the other hand, the consumption of high-nutrition food such milk and meat has increased rapidly.What has caused these changes? There ar

20、e mainly three reasons （主题句）. （6） First, people are much wealthier than before. （7） With higher income, they can afford to buy nutritious foods. （8） Second, people have realized the importance of a balanced diet to their health. （9） Lack of certain amount of meat or milk, for example, will result in

21、 poor health. （10） Finally, owing to the economic reform, meat and milk, which were scarce in the past, are produced in large quantities.（11） Although milk and meat are important to ones health, eating too much rich food may result in obesity and may other diseases. （12）Therefore, people should not

22、only eat a lot of milk and meat, but also enough grain, fruit and vegetable for the sake of their health.图表作文（二）一、图表作文写作常识1、图形种类及概述法：泛指一份数据图表：a data graph/chart/diagram/illustration/table饼图：pie chart直方图或柱形图：bar chart / histogram趋势曲线图：line chart / curve diagram表格图：table流程图或过程图：flow chart / sequence d

23、iagram程序图：processing/procedures diagram2、常用的描述用法The table/chart diagram/graph shows （that）According to the table/chart diagram/graphAs （is） shown in the table/chart diagram/graphAs can be seen from the table/chart/diagram/graph/figures，figures/statistics shows （that）It can be seen from the figures/s

24、tatisticsWe can see from the figures/statisticsIt is clear from the figures/statisticsIt is apparent from the figures/statisticstable/chart/diagram/graph figures （that） table/chart/diagram/graph shows/describes/illustrates how3、图表中的数据（Data）具体表达法数据（Data）在某一个时间段固定不变：fixed in time在一系列的时间段中转变：changes ov

25、er time持续变化的data在不同情况下：增加：increase / raise / rise / go up 减少：decrease / grow down / drop / fall 波动：fluctuate / rebound / undulate / wave 稳定：remain stable / stabilize / level off 最常用的两种表达法：动词+副词形式（Verb+Adverb form）形容词+名词形式（Adjective+Noun form）二、相关常用词组1、主章开头图表类型：table、chart、diagramgraph、column chart、p

26、ie graph描述：show、describe、illustrate、can be seen from、clear、apparent、reveal、represent内容：figure、statistic、number、percentage、proportion2、表示数据变化的单词或者词组rapid/rapidly迅速的，飞快的，险峻的dramatic/dramatically戏剧性的，生动的significant/significantly有意义的，重大的，重要的sharp/sharply锐利的，明显的，急剧的steep/steeply急剧升降的steady/steadily稳固的，坚定

27、不移的gradual/gradually渐进的，逐渐的slow/slowly缓慢的，不活跃的slight/slightly轻微的、略微地stable/stably稳定的3、其它在描述中的常用到的词significant changes图中一些较大变化noticeable trend明显趋势during the same period在同一时期grow/grew增长distribute分布，区别unequally不相等地in the case of adv.在的情况下in terms of / in respect of / regarding在方面in contrast相反，大不相同gover

28、nment policy政府政策market forces市场规率measure n.尺寸，方法，措施v.估量，调节forecast n.先见，预见v.预测三、英语图表写作套句精选1.the table shows the changes in the number ofover the period fromto该表格描述了在年之年间数量的变化。 2.the bar chart illustrates that该柱状图展示了3.the graph provides some interesting data regarding该图为我们提供了有关有趣数据。4.the diagram shows （that）该图向我们展示了5.the pie graph depicts （that）该圆形图揭示了6.this is a cure graph which describes the trend of这个曲线图描述了的趋势。7.the figures/statistics show （that）数据（字）表明8.the tree diagram reveals how该树型图向我们