高中英语必修三知识点外研版Word文档格式.docx

1、 be compared withbe seated； be hidden；be lost / absorbed/occupied in be abandoned/ addicted to（沉溺于）； be born； be dressed ； be tired of （厌烦）等表示 “某物在哪个方向”可用 south/north/east/west等，构成以下几种表达方式。（1）. is in the south of 在的南部（在内部） is on the south of 在的南边（接壤） is to the south of 在以南（在外部） is south of 在的南部（不指明在

2、内部还是外部）（2）. 把表示方位、地点的介词或副词短语放在句首，句子用完全倒装语序。.Jiangsu is on the south of Shandong. South of Shandong is Jiangsu.East of our school lies a railway.倍数表示法： asasA is （more than） times -er than B 倍数 the N. of size, length, height, weight主谓一致三原则：语法一致的原则： 语法一致的原则是指主语为单、复数与谓语动词要相呼应。但要注意一些特殊情况；1）以along with, t

3、ogether with, with, as well as, accompanied by, rather than, but, except 连接的两个主语，其谓语的单复数以第一个主语为主。例如：Several passengers, together with the driver, were hurt.2）表示时间，重量，长度，价格等的复数名词，作主语从整体来看时，谓语动词用单数。Fifty years is not a long time.3） 非谓语动词，从句或其他短语作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。Early to bed and early to rise is healthful

4、.4）如果主语是由and连接的两个单数名词，但前面有each, every, no 等词修饰时，谓语用单数。 Every boy and girl in this region is taught to read and write.意义一致的原则： 意义一致的原则指谓语动词的单复数取决于主语所表达的概念，而不取决于表面的语法标志，主要表现为某些集体名词后可跟动词单数或复数。如果这些集体名词指整体概念时，谓语动词用单数；指具体成员时用复数。The population of the earth is increasing very fast. 类似这样的集体名词有： family, class

5、, audience, committee （委员会）, crowd, crew, group, party, population, team, public, council （理事会）, village等。就近原则： 所谓就近原则是指谓语动词单复数取决于离它最近的词语，而无须考虑其他的词。1） 以eitheror, or, neithernor和not onlybut also连接的两个主语，其谓语的单复数形式应与离谓语最近的主语保持一致。Either you or he has to go there with me. 2） 由there或here引起的主语，而又不止是一个时，采取就近

6、原则。 Here is a pen, a few envelopes and some paper for you.谓语动词用单数的情况：many a more than one Many a student was deeply moved by the film.Every and every/noand no/eachand each Each boy and each girl has seen the film.one and a halfaor two One and a half bananas was eaten by that monkey.nobody, everythin

7、g, no one, something Everything was prepared.a/the （and） 指同一人、事物或概念 The League secretary and monitor has come.钱、时间、长度等 $300 is not enough for us to travel.the number of The number of the books is 37.a great deal of / a large amount of A large amount of money was spent. to do/ doing 作主语When and where

8、 to build the factory is not decided.谓语动词用复数的情况：a great number of （a great） many/ a few A great number of trees have been planted .large quantities of Large quantities of land were destroyed.people, police, cattle（牛） The police say they have caught the thieves.谓语动词用单/复数的情况：the rest （of ）/ some Give

9、you a glass of water, and the rest is left for me. Some students are cleaning the floor and the rest are washing the windows. the family, the class, the group, team, public, means, sheep, deer, The class consists of 20 boys and 20 girls. The class are doing experiments. the population The population

10、 is increasing fast. Two thirds of the population here are farmers. all All worksout well.All are eager to reach an agreement. What 从句/ 倒装句 What we need is water. What we need are books. 定语从句 He is the only one of the students who has been to Shanghai. He is one of the students who have been to Shan

11、ghai.as well as, （together） with, like（像）, but, rather than, including He, rather than you, is to blame. The mother tiger, together with her baby tigers is playing on the grass. Nobody but we knows the matter. not only but also neithernor or There be Either you or he is to be sent abroad. Are either

12、 you or he to be sent abroad? There is a table and two desks.必修三Module21. till ：直到up to sth be fit for ：胜任be busy in doing sth ：忙着做be up to sb=be left to sb to decide ：由决定/ 负责1）I can take up to four people in my car. 我的汽车最多能做四个人2）I have never heard from her up to now. 我至今也没有她的音讯。3）Whats he up to ? 他

13、在忙什么？4） Its up to you to decide where we go for a picnic.由你决定我们应去哪儿野餐。5）李平不能胜任他的工作。Li Ping is not up to his job.6）这个帐篷至多能睡十人。Up to ten people can sleep in this tent.2. measuremeasure sth in/by sth用来衡量，用来计算 take measures to do采取措施做某事1）People in Los Angels measure distance in time, not miles.翻译洛杉矶人用时间

14、来计算（两地）距离而不是用英里数。2）The Chinese government is taking effective measuresto develop the economy.中国政府正在采取强有力的措施来发展经济。3. sure1） make sure表示“务必”，“确信”，“弄明白”，后面常接 of/about sth.或that引导的宾语从句。 Make sure（that） you will arrive there on time. 你务必准时到这。 I know theres a train this afternoon, but I must make sure of

15、the time.我知道今天下午有列火车，但我必须弄清楚（发车）时间。2）be sure of, be sure that 对有把握，对确定，确信Can we be sure of his honesty. /Can we be sure that he is honest? 我们能相信他是诚实的？Im sure of winning the game. 我有把握能赢得比赛。3） be sure to do 说话人推测主语“一定；必然会”或 （常用于祈使句）务必做某事He is sure to be back soon. 他一定会很快回来。Be sure not to forget it. 千

16、万别忘了。注意：be sure of 与be sure to do的区别：.He is sure of his success. =He is sure that he will succeed. 他确信他会成功。.He is sure to succeed. 他一定会成功。（说话人的看法） . Be sure to write and tell me all your news. 务必来信把你所有情况都告诉我。另外，常见的与sure相关的短语还有：be sure of oneself 有自信心，for sure的确；确实地， sure enough果真，果然。 用于口语，此时的“Sure.”

17、相当于“Of course.” 与“Certainly.”。4. From the agreement came the Human Development Report. 表示方位或方式的副词和介词短语放在句首用完全倒装, 即谓语动词完全置于主语之前。At the foot of the mountain lies a small village. 在山脚下有一个小村庄。Out rushed the children. 孩子们冲了出去。 Here comes the bus. 车来了。（To the） south of our school stand many shops. 【部分倒装】o

18、nly修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句，放于句首否定副词never, nor, not, hardly, little, seldom等放于句首so+adj/adv+（倒装）+ that1. Only when he returned did we find out the truth （We found out the truth only when he returned.）2. Never before have I seen such a moving film.（I have never seen such a moving film before）3. So clearly does

19、he speak English that he can always make himself understood.（He speaks English so clearly that）5. figure n./v.1）.He had always looked upon Sarah as a kind of mother figure. 形象2）.How does she manage to keep her figure when she eats so much? 体形3）.He was the outstanding political figure of his time. 人物

20、 v. 4）.I figured that he was drunk and shouldnt be allowed to drive. 认为5）.It took me hours to figure those problems out. 分析；想出6）.Women. I just cant figure them out. 理解7）.Many economists have been figuring out what makes China develop so fast. 分析8）.指望figure on6 S.+ be + adj. + to do easy/ good/ safe/

21、comfortable/ dangerous/hard/ difficult1）.The water is not pure to drink （drink）2）.He needs a chair comfortable to sit on.（sit ）3）.The young man felt the room cold to live in （live） 必修三Module 31.occur 过去式occurred 过去分词occurred1）发生，出现Earthquakes occur frequently in this area. 2） sth occur to sb某人想到，某事浮

22、现脑海It never occurred to me that he might be in trouble. A brilliant idea occurred to me. 【回忆“发生”】.A big earthquake occurred /happened in the south of China last month. .It occurred to me that she didnt know I had moved into the new house. .I happened to see him on my way home. = It happened that I s

23、aw him on my way home. . A fire broke out in the hospital in the mid-night. . After the flood, diseases broke out here and there. .Great changes have taken place in our hometown during the past ten years.How did it come about that such a short journey took such a long time.wordsmeaningsoccur偶然发生；突然想

24、起 It occurred to sb. that .happen碰巧 It happened that / sb. happen to do sth.break out（战争、火灾、疾病、争吵） 突然爆发take place（有计划地）发生; 举行 strike 打击，撞击，（雷电，暴风雨等）袭击， 过去式struck 过去分词struck / strickenThe clock struck five. 敲打A powerful earthquake struck the island early this morning. 袭击I was struck by its beauty. 被打

25、动At this point, it suddenly struck me that I was wasting my time. 浮现; 使人想起【注意区分】strike, hit, beat, knockstrike “（钟）敲打，撞击，袭击”， 表示有力的打一下。beat 连续地打，心脏的跳动，在游戏、竞赛或战争中击败对方，也可表示殴打，体罚。hit 瞄准某物而击中。也可表示“袭击”knock 用拳头或硬的东西“敲、击、打必修二Module 4strength n.【辨析】：strength, force, energy, power1 Union is strength. Knowle

26、dge is power.I shall do everything in my power to help you. （注：尽力帮助do everything in ones power to do）.The law remains in force. （法律仍旧有效。）.Young people usually have more energy than the old.【总结】：strength着重指人的力气，物的强度。force自然力量；暴力，势力；法律，道德，感情力量；军事力量等energy主要指人的精力；自然界的能量power用途最广，包括能力，功能；事物的力量；职权，权力或政权s

27、othat/ such that.so that 引导结果状语从句so+ adj./ adv. + that 从句他跑的如此快，没人能赶上他。He runs so fast that nobody can catch up with him.so+ adj.+ a/an+n.+that 从句他是这么好的一个男孩，我们大家都喜欢他。He is so good a boy that all of us like him.so+many/much/little/few+n.+that从句他如此博学，所以被大学录取。He has so much knowledge that he is admitted into the college.suchthat引导结果状语从句such+a/an +adj.+n. +that从句He is such a good boy that all of us like him.such+ adj. +复数名词/不可数名词+that从句天气如此好，我们都想去公园散步。It is such fine weather that we want to take a walk in the park.【特别注意】：so little （少）+n./ such little （小）+n. （