学士学位论文关于《飘》中女权主义文档格式.docx

1、Perspective of FeminismAbstract Margaret Mannerly Mitchell, an American author, won the Pulitzer Prize in 1937 for her novel Gone with the Wind. It was the only book she wrote in her all life, Margaret Mitchell was born in Atlanta, where she always hear about many stories about the war between the n

2、orthern and southern states in American, then when she was wounded in home, she determined to write a book about the war .This novel is one of the most popular books of all time. The novel Gone with the Wind was set during the times of the Civil War in Atlantic. Soon or later, the American Civil War

3、 broke out. Ashley and Charles joined the war. Unfortunately, Charles died in the war. Scarlett became a widow, but she has been in love with Ashley. In the following article, firstly, on the love among Scarlett OHara, Ashley Wilkes and Rhett Butler will be introduced by analyzing the characteristic

4、 of the three principals. Secondly, the love of the friendship among different kinds of person will be mentioned. The last but not the least, something about the love of family members in the novel of Gone with the wind will be said. Finally, compared with the modern society, what theme the novel re

5、vels will be said.Key words: Love; Friendship; Family love；Reality. IntroductionAs the first novel which depicts American Civil War from womens perspective, Margaret focuses on the suffering from the war of those women who stay at home and their difficult journey of reconstruction. Literary critics,

6、 on the basis of their respective knowledge and understanding have given different evaluation about this novel. Most of their researcher concentrates on the historical background of American Civil War, the abolitionist though, Scarletts particular character and the cultural discrepancy between the N

7、orth and the South. Many critics question the literary value and outdated racial issue of Gone with the Wind. Some consider the novel superficial while treated it only a simple love story. However, the author thinks that the novel is most valuable if read with an understanding of three historical ba

8、ckgrounds, our own, Mitchells, and Scarletts. On the base of perspective of feministic, this paper wound analyzes the awakening of female self-consciousness reflected in this novel and its positive effect on the cause of women liberation. The first part of this paper is a general introduction to the

9、 theoretical Foundation which mainly about Feminism. Then the following chapter is analyses of the book, Chapter three is feminist analysis of Gone with the Wind and of Scarlets characteristic.2. The Introduction to FeminismFeminism is the belief that women should be allowed the same rights, power a

10、nd opportunities as men and be treated in the same way, or the set of activities intended to achieve this state. Hundred years ago, womens social statue was quite low, women was treated as appendage to men, they only had rights of living, their manner, speaking and behavior were regulated by a serie

11、s of serious rules and discipline. With the education spreading among women and the awakening of female self-consciousness, they came to realize that they should defend their economic, political and other rights and pursue equal treatment like men. Then there appear feminism. Feminism is a series of

12、 movements aimed at defining, establishing, and defending equal political, economic, and social rights and equal opportunities for women. Feminism is mainly focused on womens issues. First-wave feminism was a series of activities during the nineteenth century and early twentieth century. In the U.K.

13、 and U.S., it focused on promoting equal contract, marriage, parenting, and property rights for women. However, by the end of the nineteenth century, activism focused mainly on gaining political power, particularly the right of womens voting, though some feminists were active in campaigning for wome

14、ns sexual and economic rights at this time.Second-wave feminism is a feminist movement beginning in the early 1960s and continuing to the 20th and it coexists with third-wave feminism. Second wave feminism is largely concerned with issues of equality not only suffrage, but things like ending discrim

15、ination. Second-wave feminists treat womens cultural and political inequalities as its main purposes that to be deal with. During this period, feminist encourage women to understand aspects of their personal lives deeply by means of public promoting. The feminist activist and author Carol Hamish cam

16、e up with the slogan for the first time The Personal is Political, which became synonymous with the second wave. Third-wave feminism is start from 1900 to the present. It arose as a response toward failures of the second wave and also as a response to the movements created by the second wave. Third-

17、 wave feminism often correct the second waves ideas and movements that are not good for females. It accommodates contradictions; conflict and changes. The third wave has its origins in the mid-1980. Feminist leasers in the second wave like Gloria Anzaldua, Cherrie Moraga, and Andre Lured tried to ne

18、gotiate feminism thought that related to race. 3. Background of Margaret Mitchells age3.1 Womens social status in American society reflected in the novel The story takes place in the southern plantation before American Civil War. At that time, the South is a new reclaimed land where the industrial c

19、ivilization has not yet penetrated it. The residents rest on the rolling money gained by cotton planting and picking. There, within the shadow of chivalry, keeps the skin-deep grace and splendor. Women living on the red soil are delicate flowers, tightly clinging to men and decorating mens world. Th

20、ey have no rights to vote. Nor can they control their belongings or children after they get married, let alone draw a will or make a treaty without their husbands permission. Their social status is parallel to “that of a minor or a slave” （Deborah L.Madsen, 2006）. They endure dual oppression not onl

21、y from men but also from themselves, lying in the subordinate social position without the privilege to manage their own lives. In this male-dominated world, men stifle womens development from every aspect. Firstly, they strain every nerve to confine women in the house to make sure that womens ignora

22、nce has not been corrupted by the society and they are satisfied to be the lovely “vase”. Although men provide women with protection, clothing and food sources, they have an essential prerequisite that men should hold primacy as well as the control of women. Women are imprisoned at home wanting econ

23、omic independence. The exclusive approach for their social status and economic warranty is to marry and give birth to babies. Secondly, men also spiritually suppress women. They may yield to women and satisfy their all kinds of small requirements about the household affairs; nevertheless once women

24、have independent opinions, they will feel panic and pull every string to hold them back. For instance, when Scarlett buys a lumber mill and decides to operate by herself, her husband Frank, though a coward, still feels unacceptable: “Frank, in common with all men he knew, felt that a wife should be

25、guided by her husbands superior knowledge, should accept his opinions in full and have none of her own” （Margaret Mitchell, 2008）. Therefore mens tolerance is on the premise of the assurance of the male-centered status. In fact, men would rather give everything in the world to women than allow women

26、 to have intelligence and independent views. In mens opinion, “women should be confined to the domestic sphere, nurturing children, maintaining the household and serving their husbands” （Deborah L.Madsen, 2）. If a woman shows her any intellectual advantage, people will isolate her, reputing that she

27、 has go beyond her due responsibilities which are generally defined as dressing, dancing and house management. Regrettably, women are imperceptibly influenced by the location given from men. Southern mothers in Gone with the Wind act as the executor of ethical codes, inhibiting young girls developme

28、nt of their true colors. Take Scarlett as an example, she is educated to be an obedient lady even from childhood. Her mother and black mammy have always tried their best to instill those indispensable qualities of a lady into her. “You must be more gentle, dear, more sedate”, “Gentlemen do not like

29、forward girls”, “Young misses should cas down dey eyes an say, Well, suh, Ah mout an Jes as you say, suh.” （Margaret Mitchell, 2008）. Before their marriage, young girls should be tender and lovely with well-educated manners; however as soon as they get married, women become birds, restrained in the

30、house and busy with the household affairs all day. They manage their husbands houses and educate their children, consuming their intelligence just in various trivia. More miserable are the widows: wearing the black, no flowers, no lace, no jewelry, no free talks, no social activities and even no lau

31、ghter, just staying at home and mourning daylong. No wonder the author call this as barbarous as “Hindu Settee” （Margaret Mitchell, 2008）. 3.2 Social influences on Margaret Mitchells female sense Generally speaking, the authors thinking, emotion, and value orientation are always keenly connected wit

32、h and influenced by social currents. The same is true of Margarets feminism. Through Gone with the Wind, the author depicts a series of outstanding and tough female images, displaying their enormous contribution to the South. Either its language or the characters behaviors are permeated with Margarets intensive female consciousness, which actually keeps up with the times.4. Feminism reflected by typical female characters4.1 Feminism in Scarlett OHara Scarlett OHara, the heroine, is an artistic character that has strong, clear-cut, and rebellious