人教版英语八年级上第4单元知识点Word下载.docx

1、29.the freshest food最新鲜的食物30.sit the most comfortably 坐得最舒服31.the best performer 最好的演员32.the most talented person 最有天赋的人33.more and more popular 越来越受欢迎34.have.in common 有相同特征35.the funniest actors 最风趣的演员36.play the piano the best 钢琴弹得最好37.sing the most beautifully 唱得最美妙38.around 10 oclock 大约十点39.Chi

2、nas Got Talent 中国达人秀二、惯用法1.Can I ask you some?我能问你一些吗？如：Can I ask you some questions? （some用在疑问句中表示委婉语气、建议，不能换成any）2.How do you like? =What do you think of?你认为怎么样？How do you like it so far? =What do you think of it so far?到目前为止你认为它怎么样？3.Thanks for doing sth.因做某事而感谢。Thanks for telling me. 谢谢你告诉我。4. t

3、he +序数词+形容词最高级+可数名词单数.“第几的” He is the second tallest boy in the class.5.much+ adj./adv.的比较级 “得多”，即much可以修饰比较级。He is much better than other actors at finding the most interesting roles.他比其他演员更擅长找到最有趣的角色。6.watch sb. do sth.观看某人做某事Its always interesting to watch other people show their talents.观看别人展示他们

4、的天赋总是很有趣。7.play a role in doing sth.发挥做某事的作用/在做某事方面扮演重要的角色When people watch the show,they usually play a role in deciding the winner.当人们观看表演时，他们通常在决定冠军方面发挥作用。8. one of the +最高级+可数名词复数 （意为“最.之一”，做主语时看做单数）One of the longest rivers in China is the Yellow River.注意：“one of +形容词性物主代词/名词所有格+可数名词复数”=“a/an +

5、可数名词单数+of+名词性物主代词/名词所有格”one of my friends=a friend of mine我的一个朋友one of the boys habits=a habit of the boys这个男孩的一个习惯9.形容词最高级与比较级的转换，变成：形容词比较级+than any other +单数名词形容词比较级+than the other + 复数名词形容词比较级+than anyone elseMike gets to school earlier than any other student in his class. = Mike gets to school e

6、arlier than any of the other students in his class. = Mike gets to school earlier than the other students in his class. = Mike gets to school earlier than anyone else in his class. = Mike gets to school earliest in his class.Mike gets to school earlier than any student in Toms class.三、重点单词用法1. comfo

7、rtable adj. 舒适的，舒服的，安逸的比较级：more comfortable 最高级：the most comfortable副词：comfortably反义词：uncomfortable2. seat n. 座位 take a seat = have a seat 坐下take ones seat 就座Have a seat ,please. 请坐There are enough seats in the meeting-room.（会议室）vt. 及物动词，be seated 就座 =seat oneself He seated himself comfortably on hi

8、s chair.They are seated there.seat/sit（从动词角度上区别）共同点：作为动词，都可以表示“坐”的意思。不同点：seat是及物动词，比较正式，常以被动形式表示主动意义，seat sb / oneself=be seated，主语可以是人可以是物。He is seated between Jack and Tom.她坐在杰克和汤姆之间。Please be seated. （=Please seat yourself.） 请坐。He seated himself at the desk.他坐在做桌子旁。The room can seat forty people.

9、房间可以容纳40个人的座位。sit通常作不及物动词用，比较口语化，主语通常是人。The students are sitting at their desks.学生们正坐在课桌旁。Sit down, please. 请坐。另外，注意这两个词在作宾补时的不同形式：When I came in I found him seatedsitting at the back.3. soundn. 声音，指自然界的一切声音 sound/ voice/ noisevoice人的“嗓音”。noise不悦耳的噪音 sound指自然界的一切声音v. 作为连系动词sound + 形容词， 意为“听起来”The st

10、ory sounds interesting.4. close adj. 近的（指时间或空间上的），亲密的 v. 关闭be close to 离近 be far from 离 远My home is very close to the school.You are my close friend.你是我最亲密的朋友。Please close the door.closed adj. 关着的 其反义词：openThe door is closed.门是关着的。5. ticket n. 票，券 a ticket to/ for sth. 一张的票相似地：a key to the door 门的钥匙

11、； the way to 去某地的路在回家的路上on the way home一张去动物园的票a ticket to the zoo6.waitvi.不及物动词 wait for sb./sth. 等待某人/某物cant wait to do sth. 迫不及待做某事He is waiting for a bus他正在等公交车She is waiting for you at the bus station.她正在公交车站等你。I cant wait to open that box, wondering whats inside. 我迫不及待地打开那个盒子，想看看里面是什么.waiting

12、time 等候时间 动词的-ing形式作定语，修饰名词，表示被修饰词的某种用途。 类似地：read-ing + room阅读 房间= reading room 阅览室swim-ming + pool游泳 水池= swimming pool 游泳池7. choose v. 选择，挑选 过去式：chose ；过去分词：chosenchoose （not） to do sth. 决定（不）做某事He chose not to go to the park.他决定不去公园了。其名词：choice“选择” make a choice 做选择have no choice but to do sth.=ha

13、ve nothing but do sth. 除了做外别无他法/选择He has no choice but to stay at home.他只能呆在家里。8. carefully adv. 细致地，小心地 care n. 小心 v. 在乎，关心careful adj. 小心的，认真的。careless 粗心的，马虎的；carelessly adv. 疏乎地9. so far 到目前为止本意可以理解为用so加强far的意思，表示“如此远”。10. service n. 不可数名词，“接待，服务”The menu had only 10 dishes and the service was n

14、ot good at all.菜单上只有十样菜，并且服务一点也不好。v. 服务 serve sb. 为某人服务 serve sb with sth=serve sth to sb：拿出来款待某人 .Science serves the people.科学为人民服务。He served some sweets to the children.= He served the children with some sweets.他拿出糖果来款待孩子们。servant n. 仆人11. pretty adv. 很，十分，相当 pretty good “相当好”，只修饰形容词的原级I think 970

15、 AM is pretty good.（调幅970兆赫）adj. 漂亮的，通常说女性，小孩或小的物品。She looks pretty.12. act v. 扮演（角色） She acted/played an important part in the movie/film. 她在那部电影里扮演了一个重要的角色。n. 行动an act of kindness好心的行为扩展：action n. 行动，活动 take action 采取行动actor/ actress n. 男/ 女演员active adj. 积极的 take an active part in 积极参与actively adv

16、. 积极地 activity n. 活动13. meal n. 早（或午，晚）餐；一餐所吃的食物 3 meals a day一日三餐14. creative adj. 有创造力的，创造性的比较级：more creative 最高级：the most creativecreate v. 创造，创作 creation n. 创造，创造物15. talent n. 天资，天赋，才艺talent show才艺表演have a talent in sth./for doing sth. 有某方面/ 做某事的天赋He has talent in English.I have a talent for pe

17、rsuading people into doing something.在说服别人方面，我有天赋。I have a talent for writing.在写作方面我有天赋。拓展：talented adj. 有才能的，有才干的 be talented in doing sth He is a very talented actor.他是一个很有天赋的演员。You are very talented in speaking English.你很有说英语的天赋。16. performer n. 表演者，演员perform v. 执行，表演 ；performance n. 行为，表演17. com

18、mon n. 与相同 adj. 普遍的，共同的have sth. in common 在某方面（嗜好或观念）有共同点He and his brother have nothing in common.他和他哥哥毫无共同点。We have common interests我们有共同的兴趣。18. join v. 加入，参加（加入人群、团体、组织和机构等）join/join in/ take part in1）join：加入某党派、某组织或某社会团体，不可用join in。He will never forget the day when he joined the Party. 他永远也忘不了他

19、入党的那一天。His brother joined the army three years ago. 他哥哥是三年前参军的。join：还可解释为“连接”。The railway joined the two cities. 铁路把两个城市连接起来了。The two clauses are joined by a conjunction. 两个分句由一个连词连接起来。2） join in：多指参加小规模的活动如“球赛、游戏”等，常用于日常口语。Come along, and join in the ball game. 快，来参加球赛。Why didnt you join in the tal

20、k last night? 昨晚你为什么没参加座谈？如果说“与其人一起做某事”，则用join sb. in sth. / doing sth. 。May I join in the game? 我可以参加这个游戏吗？Come and join us in the discussion. 来和我们一起讨论吧！We are having supper now. Would you like to join us? 我们正在吃晚饭，你也来和我们一起吃好吗？3）take part in：参加（群众性活动、会议等），往往指参加者持积极态度起一定作用。A great number of students

21、took part in May 4 Movement. 大批学生参加了五四运动。All the students took an active part in the thorough cleaning. 所有的学生都积极参加了大扫除。take part in是惯用词组，part前一般不用冠词，但part前有形容词修饰时，要用不定冠词。Lincoln took an active part in polities and was strongly against slavery. 林肯积极参加政治活动，强烈反对奴隶制。19.rolen.角色play an important role in

22、sth./ doing sth. 在某事当中扮演重要角色；在做某事当中发挥重要作用leading role 主角 role play 角色扮演When people watch the show, they usually play a role in deciding the winner.当人们观看表演时，他们通常在决定冠军方面发挥作用。20. life n. 生命，生活 ；复数：liveslive /liv/ v. 居住 ；第三人称单数: lives（live /laiv/ 作形容词用，指现场直播）现场直播live show21. make up 编造（故事，谎言等）。make up l

23、ies 编造谎言补上，补足；make up the time 补上这段时间组成，占； make up a team 组建一个团队化妆； make up your face 给你的脸化妆; make sb./oneself up给某人/自己化妆和解；言归于好弥补，补偿make up for被动语态：be made up 被编造；be made up of= consist of 由组成make up ones mind to do sth. 下决心做某事Some think that the lives of the performers are made up.有些人认为这些表演者的生活是编造

24、的The story is made up.这个故事是虚构的。Theyll do all they can to make up the economic losses.他们要尽一切力量弥补这些经济损失。The committee is made up of six women.委员会由六位妇女组成。This made up 15%of their total income.这是他们总收入的百分之十五。She makes herself up every morning.她每天早上都要化妆。She is coming to make up with you.她是来与你和解的。His intel

25、ligence made up for his lack of personal charm.他的智慧弥补了他的容貌缺陷。I made up my mind not to tell them what had happened. 22. poor adj. 贫穷的，可怜的，差的，不擅长的贫困的孩子 poor childrenthe poor 表示贫穷的一类人，意为“穷人、贫民”The poor now live a happy life穷人现在过上幸福的生活了。23. seriously adv. 严重地；严肃地；认真地take sth. seriously 认真对待某事However, if

26、 you dont take these shows too seriously, they are fun to watch.然而，如果你对这些节目不太认真对待，它们观看起来还是很有趣的。24. fun n.& adj. 有乐趣be fun to do sth. 做某事有乐趣have fun doing sth. 做某事很愉快make fun of 与某人开玩笑 Did you have fun visiting that country?参观那个国家，你们快乐吗？Dont make fun of others.25. crowded adj. 拥挤的 be crowded with 挤满C

27、rowdedconditions favour the spread of disease.拥挤的条件便于疾病传播。The arena was crowded with thousands of spectators.竞技场中挤满了数千名观众。crowd n. 群众a crowd of 一群Thecrowdcheered the speaker.群众向演说者欢呼起来了。四、难句解析1. -Whats the best clothes store in town?城里最好的的服装店是哪家？ -I think Millers is the best.我觉得米勒的服装店是最好的。解析：此句中best 是good 的最高级形式，其前应加定冠词the。in town 在城镇，town前加不加任何冠词或修饰成分。但是in the city 在城市；in the country在乡村，在农村。city/country前加定冠词the。Do you like liv