高考被动语态试题及答案文档格式.docx

1、【答案】B【解析】考查动词。句意为：各国事务应由自己国家的人们解决。由句意可知，选settle，意为“解决”。elect选举；develop 发展；contain 包含，控制。故选B。4At the awarding ceremony held in Tokyo, the scientists were surprised by what _ in science and technology.Ahas discovered Bhas been discoveredChad discovered Dhad been discovered【解析】句意：在东京举行的颁奖仪式上，科学家们惊讶于科学技

2、术的发现。科学家们感到惊讶是过去式，故科学技术发现用过去完成时，what于动词discover是被动关系，故选D。5Will Uncle Peterson come to my birthday party tomorrow?Pity he _ to Zimbabwe as a volunteer teacher.Awas sent Bhas been sentChad been sent Dwould be sent【解析】考查时态和语态。Peterson叔叔明天会来参加我的生日聚会吗？很可惜他已经被派到Zimbabwe去做志愿教师了。由语境可知，Uncle Peterson被派到Zimba

3、bwe这是发生在过去的事情，这个动作对现在产生了影响，故该空应用现在完成时态。且主语he和send之间是被动关系，故该句要用被动语态。综上，B选项正确。6Her own story _ and this book is expected to come out next week.Ahad been written Bhas been writtenChad written Dhas written她自己的故事已经被写出来了，这部书有望下周出版。由句意可知，应该用现在完成时的被动语态。故选。7The new library _; it will be open next year.Ahad b

4、een built Bwas builtCwas being built Dis being built图书馆正在建设中；明年开放。根据后面一句可推知，图书馆是正在建设中，所以要用进行时，图书馆是被建的，要用被动。所以本句要用现在进行时的被动语态。8Later Mrs Smith decided to buy that kind of cloth because she_ that the cloth _very well.Ahas been told; washes Bhad been told; washedCwas told; was washed Dhad been told; was

5、 washed考查时态与感官动词。主句时态为过去时，而从句时态发生在主句之前，即过去的过去，故用过去完成时。像feel, smell, look, wash等表示感官的动词不用被动语态，直接用主动语态，结合前面时态可知，应选washed。句意: 随后史密斯夫人决定买那种布，因为有人告诉她那种布很好洗。9Do you know why a meeting by the middle school teachers last Sunday?To demand smaller classes of no more than 25 to 30 students in each class.Awas h

6、eld Bhad been heldChas held Dheld【答案】A【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。meeting是hold逻辑上的宾语，故用被动语态，再由时间状语last Sunday可知用一般过去时。故选A。你知道为什么上星期日中学老师召开会议吗？要求更小班，每个班不超过25-30个学生。10When I got to his house, I found that the walls _ .Aare being painted Bare paintingCwere being painted Dwere painting【答案】C【解析】考查过去进行时态的被动语态。当我到达他家的时

7、候，我发现墙正在被粉刷。根据句意可知用过去进行时态的被动语态，故选C。11Its reported that China will not buy the Euro debt until some thorough research .Ahas been done Bwill have been doneCwill be done Dhad been done考查时态及语态。据报道，直到一些彻底的调查研究被做出以后，中国才会买进欧盟债务，含有not .until的状语从句，主句一般将来，从句表示已经做过研究之后，所以用完成时表示，研究与做之间又是被动关系，由此综合两者，A正确。考查时态及语态1

8、2Oral English exams _ in China twice a year to give more chances to the students.Ahas held Bwill be heldCwill hold Dhas been held英语口语考试将在中国每年举行两次，为的是给学生更多的机会。句中主语Oral English exams和动词hold是被动关系，表示动作将要进行不是完成，排除D，故选B。13Peter is helping set tables in the hall, where Johns birthday party _.Ais holding Bh

9、as heldCis held Dwill be held皮特正在帮着在大厅里放桌子，约翰的生日晚会将在这里举行。根据前面语境正在放桌子，可知现在party还没举行，马上将要举行，“生日晚会”与“举行”之间是被动关系，故选D。14 A human case of H7N9 was reported in 2014 when a woman_ to be infected with the bird flu virus.Aconfirmed Bhad been confirmedCwas confirmed Dhave confirmed一例人感染H7N9病毒的报告发生在2014年，当时，一名女

10、性被确诊感染了禽流感。Confirm证实，确认，根据was reported in 2014可知，是过去的事情，先行词是2014，定语从句也用一般过去时，排除B、D；woman与confirm是动宾关系，即她是被确诊的，故选C。考查时态与被动语态15The old man was weak after the accident; so he _ carefully by us.Amust be take care of Bmust take care ofCmust look after Dmust be looked after考查含情态动词的被动语态。事故发生后，老人很虚弱；所以他必须由我

11、们仔细照顾。固定词组：take care of/ looked after“照顾”；句子主语he和谓语动词之间是被动关系，所以这里是含情态动词的被动语态，“情态动词+be +过去分词”。16People believe that the China Dream is not very difficult _ so long as the whole nation works hard for it.Arealizing Bto be realizedCrealized Dto realize考查固定句型和语态。人们相信只要全国人民一起努力中国梦不难实现。be difficult to do 结

12、构中，若主语与其后的不定式为动宾关系，那么该不定式习惯上要用主动形式表示被动意义。如：She was difficult to understand at times. 有时候她很不容易理解。能用于此结构的形容词主要有convenient, dangerous, difficult, easy, hard, impossible, interesting, nice, pleasant, safe, unpleasant等。这类结构的特点是句子主语必须是其后不定式的逻辑宾语。17More efforts, as reported, _ in the years ahead to acceler

13、ate the supply-side structural reform.Aare made Bwill be madeCare being made Dhave been made考查时态和语态。据报道，未来几年将会有更多的努力来加快供给侧结构性改革。本句的时间状语in the years ahead在将来的几年和一般将来时连用，且efforts与动词make构成被动关系，所以使用被动语态。所以要使用一般将来时的被动语态形式，故B项正确。18A lot of small towns in the area are definitely worth _.Ato be visited Bbei

14、ng visited Cvisiting Dto visit主动形式表达被动意义。这个地区的许多小城镇绝对值得一游。be worth doing sth“值得做某事”，主动形式表达被动意义。故选C项。19（天津）Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, _ as one of the best all-round forms of exercise.Aregard Bis regardedCare regarded Dregards考查被动语态和主谓一致。现在骑自行车，慢跑和游泳被认为是最全面的锻炼方式之一。根据动词短语regard

15、as“把看作”和句意确定应该用被动语态，排除A和D。再根据主语部分是由介词短语along with 连接的三个动名词做主语，应该谓语动词应该就前一致，即用单数，排除C，故选B。【点睛】本题考查方向涉及到动词的语态和主谓一致，首先要把握句意，判断主谓之间是主动还是被动关系，再者就是考查学生的考虑是否全面，即加之判断谓语动词的单复数，考查了学生对主谓一致中就前一致的把握。20Shakespeares play Hamlet into at least ten different films over the past years.Ahad been made Bwas madeChas been

16、made Dwould be made考查动词的时态与语态。在过去的几年里，莎士比亚的戏剧哈姆雷特至少被拍成了十部不同的电影。over the past years表示的是从过去到现在的动作，所以句子用现在完成时；Shakespeares play Hamlet与谓语make为被动关系，因此选择现在完成时被动语态。故选C。21The coach, together with his players, _ to the party held last Friday night, aiming to celebrate their win in the match.Awas invited Bwe

17、re invited Chas been invited Dhave been invited考查主谓一致与一般过去时的被动语态。这个教练，和他的队员一起，被邀请去参加上周五晚上举行的聚会，目的是庆祝他们赢得比赛。根据句中的“last Friday night（上周五晚上）”可知，这句话应使用一般过去时。句子主语为The coach，为第三人称单数形式，“together with”介词词组作主语的伴随状语，不能算作主语，所以谓语动词应与The coach保持一致。主谓一致是指句子的谓语动词与它的主语在人称和数上必须保持一致。简单来讲，即在英语组词成句的过程中，主语的人称、数、格发生了变化，谓

18、语也必须跟着变化，保证主语和谓语之间关系的协调一致。在英语语法中，这属于基本的知识点。主谓一致要遵循三个原则，语法一致原则，意义一致原则和就近一致原则。其中语法一致原则指的是主语是单数形式，谓语动词也用单数形式；主语是复数形式，谓语动词也是复数形式。当than，with，as well as，along with，together with，like，rather than，except，not，but，including，plus，besides，in addition to等加名词或代词结构在主语后面时，谓语不受这些短语影响，须和其前的主语一致。这属于语法一致原则中的一种情况。例如本题中使

19、用了together with结构，所以句子的谓语动词与主语the coach保持一致。22I saw Jack in the lift this morning. He around here for a long time.Awont be seen Bwasnt seenChasnt been seen Dhadnt been seen考查过去完成时态的被动语态。今天早上我在电梯里看见杰克。他好久没在这附近露面了。根据this morning可知，这是过去的事情；再根据for a long time可知，此空是更靠前的动作，且句子主语He和see之间是一种被动关系，所以用过去完成时态，故

20、选D。23I want to buy that kind of cloth because I_the cloth_well.Ahave told;washed Bhave been told;washesChave been told;washed Dwas told;考查时态及语态句意：我想买这种布，因为我已经被告知这种布料很好洗。“我”和“告诉”是被动关系，且动作发生在过去，强调对现在的影响，所以需用完成时态的被动语态；一些动词wash，lock，sell，wear，read，open，shut，clean等，如果主语如果是物，且表示主语的特性或品质时，常用主动形式表示被动意义。the

21、cloth washes well是指“这种布料很好洗”就是说明这种布料的特征的，应使用一般现在时。24Neither Mary nor her parents _ of the exciting news, which surprises us a lot.Ahas informed Bhave informedChas been informed Dhave been informed考查主谓一致及语态。玛丽和她的父母都没被告知这个令人兴奋的消息，这让我们很吃惊。根据句意可知，此处使用被动语态；neithernor（既不，也不）有就近原则，只看离谓语动词最近的主语，这里her parent

22、s是复数，且是被告知，所以用have been informed，故选D项。本题考查就近原则。就近原则是指谓语动词的形式和离它最近的主语保持一致。英语中常见的就近原则的词或者短语有：notbut, or, eitheror, neithernor, not onlybut also, there be句型，whetheror，例如：There is an apple and two bananas.这有一个苹果和两根香蕉。Not only you but also your father likes fishing.不仅你，而且你爸爸也喜欢钓鱼。25This company _ roundly

23、 by unionists and social justice groups when it fired a number of workers for no reason a decade ago.Acondemned Bhas condemned Chas been condemned Dwas condemned十年前，当这家公司莫名其妙解雇许多员工时，收到了工会和社会正义团体的严厉谴责。该句有明显的时间状语a decade ago十年前，只能跟一般过去时连用。结合句意，这家公司是被谴责，所以要用被动语态。故选D项。解时态题，可以结合句中的时间状语，选择相应的时态。至于语态，则根据句意

24、来判断。比如该题有明显的时间状语a decade ago，这是典型的用一般过去时的标志，结合句意，这家公司是被谴责，所以必须要用被动语态，所以选择一般过去时的被动语态。26The pine tree in front of the lecture hall is so tall.Yes. It _ nearly 20 metres. Ameasures Bis measured Cwill measure Dis measuring考查动词时态及语态。演讲厅前面的松树好高啊。是的。它近20米。measure此处意为“测量，量起来”，为不及物动词，后接量的结果，不用于被动语态或进行时态。此处为描

25、述客观事实用一般现在时，且主语为it，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式。27Beijings new international airport _ into use in September, 2019, according to the spokesperson.Awas put Bwill putChas put Dwill be put按照发言人所说，北京的新国际机场将在2019年投入使用。根据句意可知，用一般将来时态的被动语态。28Commercial and recreational fishing _ population sizes and also made individual

26、s smaller, since big fish _ and smaller ones thrown back.Adecreased; kept Bhad decreased; are keptChas decreased; keep Dhas decreased;商业和休闲捕鱼减少了种群规模，也使个体变小，因为大鱼被保留下来，小鱼被扔回大海。结合句意第一空是强调现在的结果，用现在完成时态；第二空是一般现在时态的被动语态，主语big fish与keep是被动关系，故答案为D。29 Why do you look very upset? The electricity was cut off suddenly and my essay _ unfinished since.Awas left Bhas leftChad been left Dhas been left你为什么看起来很沮丧？突然停电了，那时我的文章就没写完。句中leave与主语essay 构成动宾关系，要用被动形式；句中时间状语since表示从那时起到现在文章一直没写完，是现在完成时态的时间