1、双重介词由一个单一介词相连而作为一个介词使用的介词,但没有复合介词那么固定from among从当中,from behind 从之后, from beyond 从之外, from under 从之下from within 从之内, up to直到、轮到、胜任, until / till after 直到之后短语介词由短语组成in front of, because of, instead of , along with, up to, according to next to分词介词由动词-ing形式构成concerning, including regarding1. 简单介词 at, in
2、, on, to, since, until 等。如:Hes worked there since 1998.2. 复合介词 into, onto, out of 等。She is out of school. 她毕业了。3. 二重介词 from under, from behind, from out of, until after, except in 等。Im from out of town. 我是从城外来的。4. 短语介词 because of, instead of, in spite of 等。I went back not because of the rain, but be
3、cause I was tired. 我回去不是因为下雨,而是因为我累了。按其词义分为下列常见的几种基本用法例 词表示地点(包括动词)about, above, across, along, among, around, at, before, behind, below, beside, between, beyond, by, down, in, near, with表示时间about, after, around, as, at, before, behind, between, during, from, in, into, of, on, cover, towards, under,
4、 up, upon, within表示除去besides, but, except表示比较as, like, above, over表示赞成和反对with, against表示原因、目的for, with, from表示结果to, with, without表示手段、方式by, in, with表示所属of, with表示条件on, without, considering表示让步despite, in spite of, notwithstanding表示关于about, concerning, regarding, with regard to, as for, as to表示对于to,
5、for, at, with表示根据on, according to表示其他for, without三介词短语在句中的作用作定语。例如:1) A friend in need is a friend indeed.2) The houses opposite ours are being pulled down.作状语。1) With production up by 60%, the company has had another excellent year.2) Such an approach was unlikely to work given the current stricken
6、 state of both the auto industry and the economy as a whole.作表语,例如: 1) Japan is to the east of China. 2) He is always among the first to come to the school.作定语补足语 1) Make yourself at home. 2) We found her in better spirits.四介词后直接接形容词的情况介词后接形容词通常加上being。He was dismissed from his job for being absent-
7、minded while working.但在现在英语中,某些介词后可省略being直接接形容词。这种用法仅限于某些含介词的短语,通常比较固定,不能随便套用。1)take for granted Ex: I took it for granted that you would stay with us.2)far from +形容词 Ex: His explanation was far from satisfaction.3)anything but +形容词 Ex: He is anything but angry.4)kind of +形容词 Ex: He looks kind of p
8、ale after his illness.5)sort of +形容词 Ex: She is sort of excited.6)consider as +形容词 Ex: We considered the wire as disconnected.7)accept as +形容词 Ex: We accepted the conclusion as true.8)regard as +形容词 Ex: Do you regard it as necessary I should come?说明:在regard as后还可接介词短语和介词。五介词省略的情况表示时间的短语中有next, last,
9、 one, this, every, each, some, any, all等单词时,介词应省略。 You can come any day you like. We worked hard all last year.在有不定冠词a或an(a或an的意思是“每一”)的短语中,不用介词。 three times a day 每天三次 sixty miles an hour 每小时60英里 forty hours a week 每周40小时 once a month 一月一次 An apple a day keeps the doctor away.含height,length,size,sh
10、ape,age,color,weight等词的短语在句中作表语时,短语前不用介词。 She is the same age as me. He is just the height to be a policeman. What color are her eyes?在in the same way, in this way, in another way等短语中,in常常被省略。 Please go (in) this way.表示持续一段时间的短语中,for常被省略。 We stayed there for three weeks.六常用介词以及介词短语讲解一,in 的用法:1,in用于表
11、示周、月、 季节、年和泛指的上午、下午、晚上(指在一段时间内)。in 表时间段,即指在较长的一段时间内,相当于during。如世纪、朝代、年代、年、月、季节等。in the week在这周 in the holiday在假期中 in May 在五月 in summer在夏季in Spring在春季 in autumn 在秋季 in 1995在1995 in winter在冬季in September,1995在1995年9月in the morning在上午in the afternoon在下午in the evening在晚上in the 21st century在二十一世纪in time及
12、时 in an hour一个小时后 in a minute一会儿,立刻即在来年,在某月某年某月 (但在某年某月某日则用on),在四季,在第几周等都要用in。例:in 1986 在1986年 in March 在三月 in December 1986 1986年12月 in autumn 在秋季 in winter 在冬季 in the fist week of this semester 这学期的第一周 in the third week 在第三周2,阳光、灯、阴、衣、冒 in, 即在阳光下,在灯下,在树阴下,穿衣、着装、冒雨等都要用in。Dont read in dim light. 切勿在
13、暗淡的灯光下看书。They are reviewing their lessons in the bright light. 他们在明亮的灯光下复习功课。 a prisoner in irons 带着镣铐的囚犯They are sitting in the shade of a tree. 他们坐在树阴下乘凉。 He went in the rain to meet me at the station. 他冒雨到车站去接我。The poor dressed (clothed) in rags in old society. 旧社会穷人们衣衫褴褛 以及:in the bright sunligh
14、t 在明亮的阳光下 a merchant in disguise 乔装的商人 the woman in white (black, yellow) 穿着白(黑、黄)色衣服的妇女 in uniform 穿着制服 in brown shoes 穿着棕色鞋 in his shirt sleeves 穿着衬衫3,将来时态in.以后 例: They will come back in 10 days. 他们将10天以后回来。Come and see me in two days time. 两天后来看我。(从现在开始) after. (从过去开始) 4,特征、方面与方式、心情、成语惯用in 特征或状态:
15、 The Democratic Party was then in power. 那时民主党执政。They found the patient in a coma. 他们发现病人处于昏迷状态。He has not been in good health for some years. 他几年来身体一直不好。The house was in ruins. 这房屋成了废墟。The poor girl was in tears. 这个贫苦女孩泪流满面。Her clothes were in rags. 她的衣跟穿破了。His shoes were in holes. 他的鞋穿出窟窿了。I only
16、said it in fun. 我说这话只是开玩笑的。方面:We accepted the item in principle. 我们在原则上接受了这个条款。They are never backward in giving their views. 他们从来不怕发表自己的意见。A good teacher must be an example in study. 一个好的教师必须是学习的模范。方式:All the speeches were taken down in shorthand. 所有报告都用速记记录下来了。 The Party has always educated us in
17、the spirit of patriotism and internationalism. 党一贯以爱国主义和国际主义精神教育我们。5,“in ”来表达的场所、地点、位置、空间等如下:1,in + 洲名、国名、地区名、州/省区域名、城市、乡村名等。2,in + 日常生活场所3,in + 三维空间4,in + 容器in Asia 在亚洲 in China/ the United States 在中国/美国in the southern part of Taiwan 在台湾南部 in the street 在街道中 in the park 在公园里 in the woods/ trees 在树林
18、里in the field 在田野里 in town/ the country 在镇上/乡下in the sky 在天空 in the sun 在太阳光下 in the rain/ snow 在雨/雪中in the dark 在黑暗中 in the ocean/ sea 在海洋中in the / a box / bag 在盒/袋里 in the bottle 在瓶子里in the drawer 在抽屉里 in the basket 在篮子里,6,in 表示“在之上”时,暗示占去了某物的一部分,强调接触的深度。 There is/are a hole/two windows in the wal
19、l. 墙上有个洞/两扇窗户。 英语中打击人的脸、眼、嘴、胸、腹等部位时,用in。 表示植物本身以外的人或动物“在树上”,用in意指枝叶遮掩其中。如下词语惯用in in all 总计 in advance 事前 in the meantime 与此同时 in connection with 和有关 in contact with 和联系 in addition to 除.以外 in case of 倘若,万一 in conflict with 和.冲突 in force 有效的,大批 in depth 彻底地 in regard to 关于 in the neighborhood of 大约、邻
20、近 in retrospect 回顾,一想起 in behalf of 代表.利益 in the least 一点,丝毫 in alarm 惊慌、担心 in the opinion of 据见解 in the long run 从长远说来 in detail 详细地 in conclusion 总之 in spite of 尽管 in other words. 换句话说 in return 作为回报 in the name of 以.名义 be confident in 对.有信心 二,at用法,1,at黎明、午、夜、点与分 at dawn, at daybreak 在黎明时候 at noon
21、 在中午 at night 在夜间 at midnight 在午夜 at six oclock 在6点钟 at 7:30 (seven thirty) 在7点半 at nine fifteen 在9点15分 at the weekend 在周末2,“at +N /(place)” 的基本意义在于表达空间或位置的点的概念。There is a ball at the foot of the desk. (在书桌的桌腿那里有一个球。) 就我们日常生活的活动来看,如下面各短语所指的场所都属于点的概念。 at home 在家 at work 在工作场所,(外出工作)不在家 at the door/ w
22、indow 在门/窗口 at the office 在办公室 at school 在学校 at(the)university 在大学 at the bus stop 在公共汽车站 at the station 在车站at the crossroads 在十字路口 at the bridge 在桥头处 at the next corner 在下一个街角 at the bakers 在面包店 at No36, Park Street 公园街36号 at the party 在宴会中 at(美the)table 在餐桌处;在吃饭 at the bottom of 在的底部at the foot of
23、 在的脚处 at the end of 在的末端/尽处at the center of 在的中央3,at:用于表示时刻、时间的某一点at也可表示较短暂的一段时间,可用在节日名词或被认为是一年中标志大事的日子。 at daybreak 破晓 at Christmas 在圣诞节at lunch在午饭时 at breakfast早餐时 at noon正午时 at that time那时 at night在夜间 at the moment此刻,目前 at present目前 at nine(oclock)在九点钟 at first开始的时候,起初 at/on the weekend在周末 at las
24、t最后 at the same time同时 at times偶尔,有时 at the end of 1999在1999年末 at this time of(the)year在一年中的这个时候 We usually have lunch at noon/ at twelve.我们通常中午吃午饭(十二点吃午饭)注意:表示时间的名词前有this,last,next,every等修饰时,其前面不加介词。this morning今天早上;last Monday上周一;every week每周4,at 山脚、门口在当前,速、温、日落价核心 即在山脚下、在门口、在目前,速度、以速率、温度、在日落时、在核心
25、要用at。At the foot of the mountain, there are thirty of our comrades. 在山脚下,有我们30 个同志。 There is a beautiful lake at the foot of the hill. 山脚下有一个美丽的湖。 At the gate of the house there are many children playing glass ball.门口有一大群孩子在玩玻璃球。at home 在国内,在家里 at ten degrees centigrade 在摄氏10 度 at minus ten degrees
26、centigrade 摄氏零下10 度at a low cost 低成本 at a great cost 花了很大代价 at that time 在当时常用的 at 短语有: at first 首先,开始时 at least 至少 at all events 无论如何 at home 在家,无拘束 at one stroke 一下子 at a loss 不知怎办 at any rate 不管怎样 at length 详细地 be at high tide 处于高潮期 at our invitation 应我们的邀请 at our request 应我们的请求 at the news 听到这消息
27、 at the risk of 冒危险 at a great expense 以巨大费用 at a stroke 一举 at intervals of 每隔 at liberty 有权,随意 at the sight of 一见到 at the point of 接近,靠近 at the thought of 一想到 at the speed of 以速度 at the cost (price) of 以为代价 at leisure 闲着、失业 at the disposal of 任凭使用三,on的用法1. 关于、基础、靠、著论This afternoon we are going to l
28、isten to a report on the international situation. 今天下午我们要听关于国际形势的报告。Professor Shen will give us a talk on traveling in America. 沈教授将给我们做关于美国之行的报告。You are wrong on all these issues. 在这些问题上你的看法都错了。The belief is based on practical experience. 这种信念是以实际经验为基础的。2,另外,“on the +名词”结构,常表示动作正在进行中。on the march 在行军中 on the mend 在好转中 on the prowl徘徊,on the move活动中on the scrounge 巧取豪夺 on the go活跃,忙碌 on the lookout注意,警戒on the watch监视着 on the hop趁不备抓住某人3,着、罢、出售、偷、公、假,故意、支付,相反、准注:口诀中的着指着火,罢指罢工,偷指偷偷地,公指出差、办公事;假指休假,准指准时。The house next to m
copyright@ 2008-2022 冰豆网网站版权所有
经营许可证编号:鄂ICP备2022015515号-1