英语中考考前必看资料汇编Word下载.docx

1、go on doing sth.继续干原来同一件事三、不定式作宾语补足语时有两种情况：1、在有些及物动词后，要用带to的不定式：allow, ask, encourage, expect, find, get, hate, help, invite, order, prefer, tell, wait for, want, warn, wish, would like等等。例如：They asked him to sing a pop song at the party. She wants her brother to go to university. We are waiting for

2、 the doctor to come.2、在表示“五官”“感觉”、“致使”等意义的动词后，要用不带to的不定式：feel, hear, notice, see, watch; have, let, make等。help有时也可用不带to的不定式。They heard him sing a song in the meeting room. The boy saw two men enter the house. The teachers helped the students （to） learn English well.、动词不定式作宾语补足语时省to的动词语法口诀：“一感，二听，三让，

3、五看，半帮助”一感：feel；二听：hear，listen to；三让：make，let，have；五看：see，notice，watch，observe；look at半帮助：help.上述接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语,如果改为被动语态时要加to。如:He is often made to stand in class.、在下列结构后常用不带to的动词不定式：Would you please （not） do sth? had better （not） do sth. Why not do sth. = why dont you do sth would rather （not） do s

4、th. do nothing but do sth.四、被动语态：1、被动语态的构成：一般现在时被动语态： isamare+过去分词 一般过去时被动语态： waswere+过去分词一般将来时被动语态： will/shall be+过去分词过去将来时被动语态： would be+过去分词现在进行时被动语态：isamare + being+过去分词过去进行时被动语态： waswere + being+过去分词现在完成时被动语态： havehas been +过去分词过去完成时被动语态： had been +过去分词情态动词被动语态： 情态动词+be+过去分词2、主动表示被动含义：、某些感官动词和系

5、动词之后接形容词，其主动形式可以表示被动意义。此类常见的词有：look, smell, taste, feel, prove, wear, sound等。The flower smells sweet. The dish tastes delicious.、系动词没有被动形式，但有些系动词常表示被动意义。常见的有taste，sound， feel， look，smell等，例如：Your reason sounds reasonable.、某些不及物动词后接副词时，其主动形式表示被动意义。sell，wash，clean，burn，cook，spread等，这些词与副词如well，easily等

6、连用，描绘事物的特性，用主动表被动。 The book sells well.这种书很畅销。These clothes wash easily.这些衣服很易洗。The pen writes well. 这笔很好写。、need，be worth（值得），cant help（禁不住）后面接doing主动表被动。The book is worth reading. 这本书值得一读。Your hair wants/needs cutting（needs to be cut）。你的头发该剪了。五、状语从句：条件状语从句和时间状语从句不用将来时表将来,而用一般现在时表将来，常见引导词有when，as so

7、on as，if，unless等。其用法常用于这几种结构:1、当主句是一般将来时时。We will go if the weather stays fine.2、当主句是祈使句时。Be careful when you cross the road.3、当主句的谓语动词含有can, may, must等情态动词时。If you play basketball here, you may break the windows.六、倒装句：1、以here, there, now, in ,out, up, down, away, then等副词开头的句子中，句子要倒装，以示强调。习惯上，除以then

8、开头的句子用过去时外，其余一般使用现在时。例：There comes the bus! 汽车来了 上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。Here he comes. Here you are.2、neither, nor作部分倒装：以neither, nor开头的句子，表示“也不这样”时，句子倒装，其句型是：neither/nor +be/助动词/情态动词+主语 例如：Tom can speak French. So can Jack. If you wont go，neither will I.3、so倒装句：So系动词（助动词或情态动词）主语。表示“也这

9、样” 例如：I enjoy reading the book and so does my wife. Im having tea.So am I. so主语系动词（助动词或情态动词）这种句型表示说话者对前句所提到的情况或事实表示赞同，其中so作“不错；确实如此”解。如：It is cold today.今天天气很冷So it is 不错，是很冷。He studies hard.他学习很努力。So he does. 确实如此。4、作状语的介词短语置于句首引起倒装句：有时为了强调而将作状语的介词短语放在句首，而将主语放到句末从而形成倒装，这种倒装句中的谓语多为以下不及物动词：come, lie,

10、 stand, walk, 且为全部倒装的形式。（比较容易记，状语提前，全部倒装；不过，注意谓语动词的单复数由后面的主语决定）例如：Under the big tree was sitting an old farmer. 大树下坐着一个老农夫。七、感叹句：1、由what引出的感叹句：、“What +a （an）+形容词+单数可数名词+主语+谓语！” 例如：What a good boy he is!、“What+形容词+可数名词复数或不可数名词+主语+谓语！”例如：What kind women they are!感叹句中的主语和谓语有时可以省略：Oh, what a fine day! W

11、hat great fun!2、由how引出的感叹句：、“How +形容词+a/an/the/this+单数可数名词+主语+谓语！”例如：How good the boy is !、“how+形容词或副词+主语+谓语”。How tall the man is! How beautiful the girl is! 八、宾语从句：1、如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理，其时态常用一般现在时。Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year. Scientists have proved that the earth turns

12、around the sun.2、注意语气委婉型：Could you tell me？是用来征询对方的意见，语气委婉，并不表示过去。 例：Could you tell me when we will visit the History Museum? Could you tell me whats the matter with him?3、当疑问代词what，who在特殊疑问句中做主语时，该特殊疑问句本身就是陈述句语序，所以当该句用来做宾语时，语序不需要调整。He asked the girl what was wrong with her He asked the girl what wa

13、s the matter We want to know what has happened to him Do you know who broke the window? Do you know who is in the classroom? Do you know what made him so angry4、引导宾语从句时，下列几种情形只用whether不用if:、在介词后，.作介词的宾语从句时。His father is worried about whether he loses his work.、强调两方面的选择，特别是句中有or not时。Let me know whet

14、her you can come or not.、在不定式前与不定式一起组成词组时。Whether to go or stay is still a question.在discuss, decide等动词后作宾语时。We discussed whether we should close the shop.引导主语从句且句首时。Whether he will come is still a question. 九、定语从句：1、关系词只能用that，不能用which的情况：、先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：H

15、e was the first person that passed the exam.、被修饰的先行词为all，any，much，many，everything，anything，none，the one等不定代词时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop？、先行词被the only，the very，the same，the last，little，few等词修饰时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：This is the same bike that I lost.、先行词里同时含

16、有人或物时，只能用that， 而不用which.例如：I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.、以who或which引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复，只能用that.例如：Who is the girl that is crying？、主句是there be 结构，修饰主语的定语从句用that，而不用which.例如：There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom.2、关系词只能用which，而不用that 的情况：、先行词为that，those

17、时，用which，而不用that. 例如：Whats that which is under the desk?、关系代词前有介词时，一般用which，而不用that. 例如：This is the room in which he lives. 、引导非限制性定语从句，用which，而不用that. 例如：Tom came back, which made us happy. 3、注意下面几组句子：、a. Ill never forget the day when I met you. b. Ill never forget the day on which I met you. 简析：例句

18、a.中when引导的从句修饰the day. When在从句中起时间状语的作用，意思是on the day. 因此，when可以用on which替代。、他住的那座楼很旧。a. The building where he lives is very old. b. The building in which he lives is very old.c. The building which he lives in is very old. d. The building that he lives in is very old.e. The building he lives in is v

19、ery old. 、a. Is this farm _ they visited the day before yesterday?b. Is this the farm _ they visited the day before yesterday? A. which B. the one C. where D. whata.中主句缺少表语，只有B项才能保持主句的完整性。故选B。b.的主句本身已完整，应填关系代词作定语从句中及物动词visit 的宾语。所以，正确答案是A。4、注意： “one of + 复数名词 +关系代词+复数动词” “the （only） one of + 复数名词+关系

20、代词+单数动词” He is the only one of the teachers who knows French in our schoolThis is one of the rooms that are free now十、反意疑问句：1、祈使句的反意疑问句、“肯定祈使句will / wont you?”，例如：Come and play football with us, will / wont you?、“否定祈使句will you?Dont be so noisy, will you?、“Lets, shall we?Lets take a bus, shall we?、“L

21、et us, will you?Let us go first, will you?2、陈述句中含有few, little, seldom, hardly等否定词时，反意疑问部分的谓语动词用肯定式。She never tells a lie, does she? He was seldom late, was he?反意疑问句的陈述部分含有由un-, im-, in-, dis-, 等否定意义的前缀构成的词语时，陈述部分要视为肯定含义，问句部分用否定形式。Your father is unhappy, isnt he?3、前面否定的反意疑问句: 根据事实回答,实际是用 yes ,实际不是用 n

22、o。She didnt come to school yesterday, did she? , though she was not feeling very well. A. No, she didnt B. Yes, she was C. No, she wasnt D. Yes, she did 答案：D十一、名词：1、常见的不可数名词: news weather work money music paper food（rice bread meat ） drink （milk orange ） 2、只表示复数概念的名词: people police trousers the Gree

23、ns clothes 3、特殊的复数的名词:sheep-sheep deerdeer Japanese- Japanese Chinese-Chinese knife-knives shelf-shelves leaf-leaves tomato-tomatoes potato-potatoes German-Germans man doctor-men doctors apple treeapple trees 4、名词所有格: in a few yearstime= in a few years five minutesride= five-minute ride Lily and Luc

24、ys room（两人共同拥有）Lilys and Lucys rooms（两人各自拥有）5、how many，many，a few，few，a lot of，lots of，some，any,a number of，plenty of 等修饰可数名词复数。how much,much,a little,little,a lot of,some,any,a great deal of，plenty of等修饰不可数名词。6、名词所有格有时省略后面名词，用名词所有格表示地点。 如：my aunts 我姑姑家。 go to the doctors 去医生家。7、双重所有格：a friend of mi

25、ne/ a friend of his/ a friend of ours/ a friend of my sisters /a friend of Marys mothers.十二、冠词：1、在字母“a，e，i，o，f，l，m，n，x，s，h，r” 前要用an，因为这些字母读音都是元音音素； 在字母“u”前要用a.2、an hour / a useful way / a one-year-old baby / an honest boy / a university / an unhappy day 3、有冠词和无冠词意思不同，请注意区别：in front of 在前面 in the fro

26、nt of 在范围内的前部in the hospital 在医院里 in hospital （生病）住院go to school去上学go to the school去学校 at table 在进餐时 at the table 坐在桌旁a knife and fork 一副刀叉 a knife and a fork 一把刀子和一把叉子十三、数词：1、注意几个单词的拼写：基数词：forty 序数词：first second third fifth eighth ninth twelfth2、注意：“a+序数词+名词”表示“再，又”。Its the third time for you to do

27、 this, but you failed again.yeah, so Id like to try a _time. A.the forth B. fourth C.the fourth D.a forth 答案：B more和another都有再；又之意。区别如下：. “基数词more名词”如：The boy had two more apples/two apples more.句型可变为：“some/a few/a little/many/much等more名词”。Would you like some more tea?.“another基数词名词”。He wrote another two letters/two more letters to her.3、注意几个短语：in the 1990s/ in the 1990s 在20世纪90年代in ones thirties在某人三十多岁时at the age of 在某人岁时4、分数的构成用法：由基数词和序数词组成。分子用基数词，分母用序数词，若分子大于“1”，则分母要用复数。Three quarters of the students have passed the exam. 四分之三的学生考试及格了。4、倍数表示法：、主语+谓语+.time