全国大学英语四级考试真题和答案Word文档下载推荐.docx

1、In my house, jumping on the sofa is not allowed. In my sisters house its encouraged. For her, its about kids being kids:”If you cant do it at three, when can you do it?Each of these philosophies is valid and, it has to be said, my son loves visiting his aunts house. But I find myself saying “no” a l

2、ot when her kids are over at mine. Thats OK between sisters but becomes dangerous territory when youre talking to the children of friends or acquaintances.“Kids arent all raised the same,” agrees Professor Naomi White of Monash University.” But there is still an idea that theyre the property of the

3、parent. We see our children as an extension of ourselves, so if youre saying that my child is behaving inappropriately, then thats somehow a criticism of me.”In those circumstances, its difficult to know whether to approach the child directly or the parent first. There are two schools of thought.“Id

4、 go to the child first,” says Andrew Fuller, author of Tricky Kids. Usually a quiet reminder that we dont do that here is enough. Kids nave finely tuned antennae （直觉） for how to behave in different settings.”He points out bringing it up with the parent first may make them feel neglectful, which coul

5、d cause problems. Of course, approaching the child first can bring its own headaches, too.This is why White recommends that you approach the parents first. Raise your concerns with the parents if theyre there and ask them to deal with it,” she says. Asked how to approach a parent in this situation,

6、psychologist Meredith Fuller answers:”Explain your needs as well as stressing the importance of the friendship. Preface your remarks with something like: I know youll think Im silly but in my house I dont want”When it comes to situations where youre caring for another child, white is straightforward

7、: “common sense must prevail. If things dont go well, then have a chat.”Therere a couple of new grey areas. Physical punishment, once accepted from any adult, is no longer appropriate. “A new set of considerations has come to the fore as part of the debate about how we handle children.”For Andrew Fu

8、ller, the child-centric nature of our society has affected everyone:” The rules are different now from when todays parents were growing up,” he says, “Adults are scared of saying: dont swear, or asking a child to stand up on a bus. Theyre worried that there will be conflict if they point these thing

9、s out either from older children, or their parents.”He sees it as a loss of the sense of common public good and public courtesy （礼貌）, and says that adults suffer form it as much as child.Meredith Fuller agrees: “A code of conduct is hard to create when youre living in a world in which everyone is ex

10、hausted from overwork and lack of sleep, and a world in which nice people are perceived to finish last.”“its about what Im doing and what I need,” Andrew Fuller says. ”the days when a kid came home from school and said, “I got into trouble”. And dad said, you probably deserved it. Are over. Now the

11、parents are charging up to the school to have a go at teachers.”This jumping to our childrens defense is part of what fuels the “walking on eggshells” feeling that surrounds our dealings with other peoples children. You know that if you remonstrate（劝诫） with the child, youre going to have to deal wit

12、h the parent. its admirable to be protective of our kids, but is it good?“Children have to learn to negotiate the world on their own, within reasonable boundaries,” White says. “I suspect that its only certain sectors of the population doing the running to the school better educated parents are prob

13、ably more likely to be too involved.”White believes our notions of a more child-centred, its a way of talking about treating our children like commodities（商品）. Were centred on them but in ways that reflect positively on us. We treat them as objects whose appearance and achievements are something we

14、can be proud of, rather than serve the best interests of the children.”One way over-worked, under-resourced parents show commitment to their children is to leap to their defence. Back at the park, Bianchis intervention（干预） on her sons behalf ended in an undignified exchange of insulting words with t

15、he other boys mother.As Bianchi approached the park bench where shed been sitting, other mums came up to her and congratulated her on taking a stand. “Apparently the boy had a longstanding reputation for bad behaviour and his mum for even worse behaviour if he was challenged.”Andrew Fuller doesnt be

16、lieve that we should be afraid of dealing with other peoples kids. “look at kids that arent your own as a potential minefield,” he says. He recommends that we dont stay silent over inappropriate behaviour, particularly with regular visitors.此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。1. What did Stella Bianchi expect the young

17、boys mother to do when she talked to him?A） make an apologyB） come over to interveneC） discipline her own boyD） take her own boy away2. What does the author say about dealing with other peoples children?A） its important not to hurt them in any wayB） its no use trying to stop their wrongdoingC） its a

18、dvisable to treat them as ones own kidsD） its possible for one to get into lots of trouble3. According to professor Naomi white of Monash university, when ones kids are criticized, their parents will probably feel A） discouragedB） hurtC） puzzledD） overwhelmed4. What should one do when seeing other p

19、eoples kids misbehave according to Andrew fuller?A） talk to them directly in a mild wayB） complain to their parents politelyC） simply leave them aloneD） punish them lightly5. Due to the child-centric nature of our society, A） parents are worried when their kids swear at themB） people think it improp

20、er to criticize kids in publicC） people are reluctant to point our kids wrongdoingsD） many conflicts arise between parents and their kids6. In a world where everyone is exhausted from over work and lack of sleep, .A） its easy for people to become impatientB） its difficult to create a code of conduct

21、C） its important to be friendly to everybodyD） its hard for people to admire each other7. How did people use to respond when their kids got into trouble at school?A） theyd question the teachersB） theyd charge up to the schoolC） theyd tell the kids to clam downD） Theyd put the blame on their kids8. P

22、rofessor white believes that the notions of a more child-centred society should be challenged. 9. According to professor white, todays parents treat their children as something they can be proud of. 10. Andrew fuller suggests that , when kids behave inappropriately, people should not stay silent. Pa

23、rt III Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each que

24、stion there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A）,B）,C）and D）,and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。11A）Only true friendship can last long.B）Letter writing i

25、s going out of style.C）She keeps in regular touch with her classmates.D）She has lost contact with most of her old friends.12. A） A painter. C） A porter.B） A mechanic. D） A carpenter.13. A） Look for a place near her office. C） Make inquiries elsewhere.B） Find a new job down the street. D） Rent the $6

26、00 apartment.14.A） He prefers to wear jeans with a larger waist.B） He has been extremely busy recently.C） He has gained some weight lately.D） He enjoyed going shopping with Jane yesterday.15.A）The woman possesses a natural for art.B） Women have a better artistic taste than men.C） He isnt good at abs

27、tract thinking.D） He doesnt like abstract paintings.16.A） She couldnt have left her notebook in the library.B） she may have put her notebook amid the journals.C） she should have made careful notes while doing reading.D） she shouldnt have read his notes without his knowing it.17. A）she wants to get s

28、ome sleep C） she has a literature class to attend B） she needs time to write a paper D）she is troubled by her sleep problem18.A）He is confident he will get the job.B）His chance of getting the job is slim.C）It isnt easy to find a qualified sales manager.D）The interview didnt go as well as he expected

29、.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19.A）He can manage his time more flexibly.B）He can renew contact with his old friends.C）He can concentrate on his own projects.D）He can learn to do administrative work.20.A）Reading its ads in the newspapers.B）Calling its personnel department.C）C