Ajax战术体系Word格式.docx

1、 Strategies（足球系统和战略）下面开始正文1-Misunderstandings of Total football and the Ajax System2-Basic Construction of the Ajax System （Real Life to CM/FM）3-Attacking overview of the Ajax System4-The tactic as a whole/routine features5-Roles in detail6-Translation into CM03/04 tactic screen7-Numbering system at

2、 Ajax and positional abilities required8-A few practical tips in getting the best out of the System9-The Ajax Youth System10-My Team instructions11-Player instructions 1-对全攻全守和ajax 体系的误解 2-ajax 体系的基本构成3-ajax 体系的进攻概论4-整体战术的特点5-各位置的详情6-转换到CM03/04的战术屏7- ajax的数字体系和所需要的位置能力8-让整个体系最佳运作的实践技巧9-ajax青年系统10-球队

3、指令11-球员指令1- Misunderstandings: -For a start the Ajax System is not Total football, this is one thing a lot of people seem to mix up. Total football is Rinus Michels tactical revolution in which highly skilled & adaptable players were granted complete freedom of movement around the pitch.Good book on

4、 this is brilliant orange. 误解:最原始的ajax 体系并不是全攻全守，很多人把这个混淆了。全攻全守是Rinus Michel的战术革命。这个战术给予了球员在球场上完全的活动自由与此同时也对球员的技能和适应性要求非常高。 While the Ajax System of Van Gaal, Cruyff and others was constructed like this:The heart of the system is the so-called central axis. The central axis contains the Goalkeeper （

5、GK-1）, one Central Defender （SW/DC-3） and Midfield Libero （D/DMC-4）, the Diamond Man （AM/FC-10） and the Striker （FC or S-9）.The system covers the four corners of the field. So in addition to the 5 players playing in the central axis the system has two Backs （DLC-5 and DRC-2）, and two real Wingers（AM

6、/FL-11 and AM/FR-7） these 4 keep the field wide.Two controlling Midfielders who play slightly behind the AM/FC are the engine room of the system （MLC-8 and MRC-6）.In brackets are the CM positional abilities; I think players should have.2- Van Gaal, Cruyff 和其他教练的Ajax 体系构造如下:这个体系的核心是一个所谓的中轴线。中轴线包括GK,一

7、个DC（SW/DC-3）, 一个中场自由人（D/DMC-4），一个菱形中场（AM/FC-10）和前锋 （FC or S-9）。这个体系覆盖了球场的四角。除了中轴线上的5个球员，还有两个后卫（DLC-5 and DRC-2），两个真正的边锋（AM/FL-11 and AM/FR-7）所以可以打得很开。3-（Attacking） Overview of the Formation:Right is the numbering system Ajax use, and left the players that you should use.S9 AM/FL AM/FR117AM/FC10MLC M

8、RC8 6D/DMC4DLCDRC52SW/DC3 GK1Due to the systems flexibility some people call it 3-1-3-3 or 3-3-1-3 or 3-1-2-1-3 or 3-4-3 or 4-3-3 or 4-5-1 ajax basically attacks as a 3-4-3 and defends as a 4-3-3.3-（进攻）阵型概论:右边是ajax体系使用的号码，左边是对应的你应该使用的球员。因为其灵活性，有些人称其为3-1-3-3 or 3-3-1-3 or 3-1-2-1-3 or 3-4-3 or 4-3-3

9、or 4-5-1。基本上进攻的时候是3-4-3,防守的时候是4-3-3。4-The tactic as a whole/routine features:Possession is one of the main characteristics of the Ajax System; the team has to have more possession then their opponents. Advantage being that the opponent has to do a lot of running after the ball. This coupled with Sys

10、tem traditional wide style of play （use of Real Wingers） means the players use less energy. They can simple allow the ball to circulate at speed, one or two-touch soccer while keeping its shape as the tactic naturally has lots of triangles.Lots of coaches devote their time to wondering how they can

11、ensure that their players are able to do a lot of running during a match. Ajax trains its players to run as little as possible on the field. That is why positional games are always centre to Ajaxs training sessions.Louis van GaalPosition games being small 5-aside games （to improve positioning, passi

12、ng & technique）So every member of the team needs to have good technique and pass stats. As already mentioned when Ajax gain possession （attack） they adopt a 3-4-3 formation. The D/DMC moves from his position along side or just slightly on top of the SW/DC to the anchor postposition. At the same time

13、 the AM/FC also advances slightly further from his defending position （to create space for the D/DMC）.AM/FR| MLCMRC | D/DMC DLC SW/DC DRCGK Ajax usually builds up play from the back; the goalkeeper will hardly ever kick the ball long. He will normally just play it to one of the more creative defende

14、rs. When the GK has the ball, the defenders have to make sure he can get the ball back into play as quickly as possible.The Central Defenders （SW/DC & D/DMC） will normally start the build of play, with the D/DMC always looking to hit the wing with a cross field diagonal ball.The whole team moves in

15、set patterns if one player comes back to receive the ball another will make a forward run.One main feature at Ajax System is that the wingers stay wide to create space for the Striker, and options for the team.If an attack cannot be pursued down one flank the task of the midfielders （mainly MLC & MR

16、C） is switch the ball to the other flank as quickly as possible.In the Van Gaal years at Ajax the MLC & MRC always remained behind their winger when he had the ball so that they didnt curtail the Wingers action radius. This gives the winger options and cover; he can pass it back or run at his oppone

17、nt, if the ball was lost he or the Midfielder could tackle or intercept the ball immediately.The same went for the DLC & DRC who didnt overlap down the flanks.The Wingers make a lot of forward runs to create space for the long ball from the back to the Striker by pulling wide （taking defenders fullb

18、acks with them）.If Ajax cant play forward, they will try the flanks （wide） and if that is not possible, they will play the ball backwards.Ajax almost always plays in a small area of the field in the oppositions half, in this restricted space, good positioning and off the ball skills are vital （creat

19、ing space for others is important）.If Ajax lose the ball in their half the four defenders should be able to tackle immediately or be able to move quickly into their covering positions. The system uses Zonal Marking. If the attack occurs down the flank of the DLC, he should challenge while the D/DMC

20、（or SW/DC） acts in support （covering or pressuring） or vice versa. At the same time the SW/DC （or D/DMC） will cover the space in behind the 2 with the help of the DRC. The AI has accomplished this very well （defenders will need very good teamwork, decision and positioning stats）.If the attack occurs

21、 down the centre of the pitch the 3 Defenders （DLC SW/DC DRC） have to play tight, while the D/DMC should pressurises the player on the ball. Most attacks against this system come from the wing. 4-整体/定势 战术特色:控球率是ajax体系的一个主要特征。球队必须要有比对手多的控球率。好处是对手不得不进行大量的跑动来抢球。这个同打得很开的战术（使用真边 锋）结合使用可以让球员消耗更少的体力。因为这个阵型

22、本身就有许多三角，所以球员在站好位的情况下可以打出一些快速的一脚或是两脚球。很多教练费心去研究 如何才能让他们的球员在比赛中有大量的跑动。Ajax的训练却是让球员在场上尽可能的少跑动。这就是为什么位置训练总是ajax训练的重中之重。位置训练 是小的5人对抗赛（用来提高位置感，传球和技术）所以球队的每个球员都要有过硬的技术和传球能力。前面说了当ajax进攻时为了获取控球率变为 3-4-3，D/DMC向前移动或只是在SW/DC前面到达箭头位置。与此同时AM/FC也从他的防守位置前移（给D/DMC创造空间）ajax通常从后 卫开始组织进攻；守门员基本上从不开大脚。他一般会把球给一个创造性好的后卫。当

23、门将有球时，后卫会马上主动去要球组织进攻。中间的后卫（SW/DC & D/DMC）通常会进行组织，D/DMC会经常斜传给边锋。整个球队会有一套固定的阵型，一个球员回来接球，另一个就会前插。Ajax体系一个主要的特征 是边锋拉得很开以给前锋创造空间，给球队更多的选择。如果一边的进攻受阻，中场（ 通常是MLC & MRC）的任务就是尽快把球转到另一边。Van Gaal在ajax执教的时候，当边锋拿球时，MLC & MRC总是在边锋的身后，这样他们就不会压缩边锋的活动区域。这样就给了边锋选择和保护；边锋可以回传或是自己突破，一旦球丢了，中场也可以及时的进行铲 断，阻截。对于边路不重叠跑位的DLC &

24、 DRC也是一样。边锋通过大量的拉边带开边卫，为后卫给前锋长传创造空间。如果ajax不能向前推进，他们会试着走边，如果这也不行，他们会把球回传。 Ajax总是经常只在对手半场的一个小区域中进行进攻，在这样一个限制性的区域中，强的位置感和好的无球跑是十分重要的（为其他队员创造空间是很重要 的）。如果ajax在自己半场丢球的话，4个后卫必须要能及时的铲断或是能快速的移动到保护位置上。整个体系使用区域防守。如果进攻在DLC这边，他应该 迎上去防守，D/DMC （or SW/DC）给予支持（保护或是压迫协防）或者反过来。同时SW/DC （or D/DMC）在DRC的帮助下保护他们两人身后。对此AI做得

25、很好（后卫需要有很高的teamwork, decision and positioning）如果进攻是从球场中间来的话，3个后卫（DLC SW/DC DRC）必须紧逼，D/DMC要去压迫拿球的球员。对这个体系大部分的进攻来自两边。5-Roles in detail （all players should have good technique）The Goalkeeper （1） GK:The goalkeeper in the system plays as part of the team. He is not allowed to wait statically on his goal line but has to play a long way from his goal; playing as an old fashioned sweeper. The theory being that if the goalkeeper plays with the whole team as a partial outfielder, he will give Ajax half an extra player on the field against oppone