高考英语知识点总结Word文档下载推荐.docx

1、（3）an, may, must三者用法比较肯定句：主语+can, may, must +动词原形否定句：主语+can, may, must +not +动词原形疑问句：Can, May, Must +主语+动词原形1.can, may, must 的肯定句You may eat lunch, but you must wash your hands你可以吃饭，但是你必须洗手。（1）can&表示能力；能，会She can run fast, but I cant她很会跑，但是我不会。b.表示可能;能够I can get there in ten minutes.我十分钟之后就可以到那儿。（表示

2、一种可能性）c表示允许;许可You can use this dietionary你可以用这本字典。dcan和be able to比较can只有现在式和过去式，而be able to可以用于各种时态。can （could）表示能力时，可用be able to代替。I can（=am able to）pay for the book.我买得起那本书。He will be able to tell you the news soon.他很快就能告诉你消息了。She has been able to come to school.她已经能去学校了。（2）maya.表示请求、许可May I borro

3、w your pen?我可以借你的钢笔用一用吗？b可能、或许Tomorrow I may go shopping明天，我可能（或许）去商店买东西。（4）have to的用法1.have （has） to + 动词原形have （has） to后面要用动词原形。当主语为第三人称单数时 用has to,当句子是过去时用had to。We have to leave now我们不得不现在就离开。He has to work on Sunday.他不得不在周日工作。I had to do my homework last Sunday.上周日，我不得不做作业。2.have to的否定句句型：主语+do

4、n，t （doesn51, didn，t, will not）have to+ 动词原形You dont have to walk so fast你不必走那么快。He will not have to buy a new coat next year明年，他没必要买新外衣了。3.have to的疑问句Do （Does, Did, Will）+ 主语+have to + 动词原形？Do you have to study maths now?你现在必须学数字吗？Yes, I do.是的，必须学。No, I don51（have to）。不，不必学。Did he have to ask the q

5、uestion?他非要问那个问题吗？Yes, he did.是的。No, he didn，t （have to） 不。4.must 与 have to 比较must侧重于个人意志和主观上的必要，have to侧重于客观 上的必要。如果用于过去时态或将来时态时，则要用have to 的相应时态来代替musto但must可用于间接引语中表示过 去的必要或义务。My brother was very ill, so I had to call for the doctor in the middle of the night.我弟弟病得很厉害，我只得半夜里把医生请来。（一般过去 时）I havent

6、 got any money with me, so T 11 have to borrow some from my friend.我身上没有钱，只好向朋友借点了。（一般将来时）He said that they must work hard.他说他们必须努力工作。二、虚拟语气虚拟语气表示说话人的意愿、假设、猜测或建议。虚拟语气 不表示客观存在的事实，谓语动词用特殊的形式表示虚拟语 气。考点一：虚拟语气基本用法1.表示与现在事实相反时的谓语形式。基本结构：主语+动词的一般过去时（be动词用were） +其他 成分+if+should/would/could. +动词原形+其他成分例女口： I

7、f Tom were hungry, he would eat the bread（In fact, Tom isnt hungry）2.表示与过去事实相反的谓语形式。基本结构为：主语+动词的过去完成时+其他成分 +if+should/would/could. +have done+其他成分例如1： If I had leftalittle earlier, I would have caught the early bus（In fact, I didn，t catch the bus）3.表示与将来事实相反的谓语形式。 基本结构为：主语+动词的一般过去时/should do/were to

8、 do+其他成分+if+should/would/could. +动词原形+其他 成分例如I： If they came tomorrow, we would told them about it. （In fact, they won t come tomorrowo ）考点二：含蓄虚拟条件句 这样的虚拟句不含有if从句，而是以butfor/without/or/otherwise等引导的句子代替if从句，主句的谓语动词的形式与前面虚拟语气的基本用法相同。例如:Thank you for all your hard work last week I don， tthink we it wit

9、hout you. A can manage B couldhave managed C could managed D can have managed 由语境可知这里要表达的意思是：如果没有你们辛勤的工作, 我们不可能处理好这件事。很显然，这是对过去发生的事实 的虚拟，所以要用could have done,故应选B。考点三：主从句时间不一致的虚拟条件句在有些虚拟条件句中，主从句时间不一致，应根据不同情况区别对待。例如：It s hard for me to imagine what Iwould be doing today if I in love, at the age of sev

10、en, with the Melinda Cox Library in my home town. A. wouldn t have fallen B. had not fallen C should fall D. were to fall解析 句意为：如果不是我在七岁时爱上家 乡的Melinda Cox图书馆的话，很难想象今天的我会是什么 样子。主句描述的是与现在事实相反的事情，从句描述的是 与过去事实相反的事情。正确答案为氏考点四：名词性从句中的虚拟语气在含有表示坚持、建议、命令、要求等含义的名词性从句和 在it做形式宾语或形式主语的复合句中，宾语补足语是 necessary/sttan

11、ge/essential/natural/a pity/a shame 等 表示“惊奇、惋惜或者理应如此”等含义时，从句中的谓语 动词需用“should+动词原形”,其中should可以省略。例 如1： 一Don t you think it necessary that he toMiami but to New York? 一I agree, but the problem is he has refused to. A. will not be sent;thdt B not be sent;that Cshould not be sent;what D.should not send;

12、what解析问句句意为：难道你不认为必须把他送到 迈阿密而不是纽约吗?句子表示理应如此的意思。正确答案 为B。考点五：动词wish后的宾语从句中，谓语动词可用过去式、 过去完成式或would、might加原形。例如h I wish I were as strong as you.He wished I would stay with us.She wished I had attended the meeting yesterday.考点六：在 It is time that, I would rather that 句式 中从句谓语动词用过去式。例如h It is time we went to bed.I would rather he came next week.