高考英语《阅读理解的综合》专项训练及答案Word文件下载.docx

1、 A.To complain about rubbish dividing.B.To explain the four categories of the waste.C.To introduce the rules on waste sorting.D.To show the goal of rubbish, sorting regulations.（2）What does the underlined word Violators in Paragraph 2 refer to?People who dont pay for train tickets.People who argue w

2、ith the monitors.People who obtain bank loans.People who are against the regulations.（3）What makes the citizens upset most about the rules?Complex distinction among the four categories of rubbish.Short scheduled time for tossing rubbish.Being observed by monitors when throwing the garbage.Being fine

3、d when blamed due to improper behavior.（4）What can be the best title for the text?A Restart of Waste-sortingA New Age of Garbage ClassificationLearning to Classify RubbishRubbish-sorting Benefits the World【答案】 （1）C（2）D（3）B（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，介绍了7月1日上海市出台的垃圾分类规定，有望成为我国的一个典范。文章说明了垃圾分类规定的部分内容以及违反者将面

4、临的处罚，这项政策出台的原因是上海日益增多的垃圾，以及居民们对此政策的看法和态度。 （1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Citizens must divide their waste into four separate categories and put it into specific public bins. They must do so at scheduled times, when monitors are present to ensure that rules are obeyed and to examine the nature of ones rubbish.”市民

5、必须将垃圾分为四类，并将其放入特定的公共垃圾箱。他们必须在规定的时间这样做，当监督员在场时，以确保规则得到遵守，并检查垃圾的性质。可知主要是在说明垃圾分类的相关规定，故第一段的目的是介绍垃圾分类的规则。故选C。 （2）考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的“They could be hit with fines of up to 200 yuan （$29）.”他们将面临最高200元（29美元）的罚款。可推测他们此处指违反垃圾分类规定的人们，故划线单词意思为“违反规定的人”，故选D。 （3）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Most upset are the short windows for thr

6、owing trash, typically a couple of hours, morning and evening.”最让人心烦的是扔垃圾的短暂开放期，通常是早上和晚上的几个小时，可知，扔垃圾的时间很短让居民对这些规定最不满。故选B。 （4）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“On July 1st, the city introduced strict trash-sorting regulations that are expected to be used as a model for our country. Residents must divide their waste int

7、o four separate kinds and put it into specific public bins. They must do so at scheduled times, when monitors are present to ensure compliance and to inquire into the nature of ones rubbish.”7月1日，该市出台了严格的垃圾分类规定，有望成为我国的一个典范。居民必须将他们的垃圾分成四类，并将其放入特定的公共垃圾箱。他们必须在规定的时间这样做，当监督员在场时，以确保遵守和调查一个人的垃圾的性质）以及文章主要内容

8、围绕着上海垃圾分类规定标志着一个垃圾分类的新时代的开始而展开，故选B。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。2阅读理解 NASA has a new job listing, and its no joke. The US space agency is looking for a joker to join their planned mission to Mars.A mission to Mars is no laughing m

9、atter. On average, the red planet is 140 million miles （225 million kilometers） away from Earth. A trip there would take around eight months in a small spacecraft. And Mars has a communications delay of 20 minutes. This means that astronauts will have to wait 20 minutes for a reply, when an emergenc

10、y happens.When youre living with others in a confined space for a long period of time, such as on a mission to Mars, problems are likely to occur, Jeffrey Johnson, a scientist at the University of Florida, told The Guardian.This is probably why NASA wants an astronaut with a sense of humor. These ar

11、e people that have the ability to pull everyone together, Johnson said. In stressful situations, perhaps humor is a way to know we arent alone. By laughing together, we share our stress. Then we can focus on our jobs instead of just worrying.There are other examples of team clowns. One example is th

12、e journey to the South Pole led by Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen. It was a difficult journey full of danger. Adolf Lindstrom, a cook at Amundsens team, was a clown. He made people laugh through the whole journey. Amundsen later wrote that Lindstrom was the most valuable member of the team.But if

13、 youre hoping that your favorite TV comedian will fly to Mars, that probably wont happen.Being funny wont be enough to land somebody the job, Johnson said. They also need to be an excellent engineer.Besides, they must be in top physical condition.（1）What is NASAs new job listing?A funny engineer.A t

14、alented clown.A good cook.A popular comedian.（2）What does a confined space in Paragraph 3 refer to?a full spacean empty spacean open spacea small space.（3）How does the author think humor can help astronauts?It can stop them from feeling bored.It can promote teamwork on a mission.It can make them fee

15、l less homesick.It can help them know themselves better.（4）Whats the authors purpose of giving the example of the cook?To tell us that what explorers eat on their journey is very important.To prove that an amateur can play a more important role than a professional.To make the point that humorous peo

16、ple can cheer people up in difficult situations.To reveal that a mission to Mars is more difficult than a journey to the South Pole.【答案】 （1）A（4）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，由美国宇航局寻找一位幽默的工程师来和宇航员一起执行航天任务介绍了幽默对宇航员的重要作用。 （1）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的“Being funny wont be enough to land somebody the job, Johnson said. They

17、also need to be an excellent engineer.”可知，美国宇航局的新工作是幽默的工程师，故选A。根据第三段中的“ such as on a mission to Mars, ”可知，与在地球上生活的宽广空间不同，在火星任务中，你需要和其他人一起在狭小的航天器内生活很长一段时间，由此可知画线词词义为“狭小的空间、有限的空间”，故选D。 （3）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“These are. people that have the ability to pull everyone together,”可知，幽默的人有能力把每个人都团结在一起，也就是说幽默能够促进宇

18、航员在任务中的团队合作，故选B。 （4）考查推理判断。根据第五段中的“In stressful situations, perhaps humor is a way to know we arent alone. By laughing together, we share our stress.”可知，在压力大的情况下，幽默是一种减压的方式，第六段第一句话又说有很多团队小丑的例子，紧接着举厨师的例子就是为了证明这一点，即：幽默的人能使人在困难的情况下振作起来，故选C。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文的

19、逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。3阅读理解 A university in Nanjing, Jiangsu province, has installed facial recognition systems in classrooms to monitor students behavior, sparking a heated debate online. China Pharmaceutical University recently installed the systems in two pilot classrooms as well as school gates,

20、 dormitory entrances, the library and laboratory buildings. Xu Jianzhen, director of the universitys library and information center, told TbeP that the systems will help teachers check student attendance and monitor behavior during the lectures. In the past, some students just checked their attendan

21、ce and ditched the class or asked other students to check the attendance for them. Now with facial recognition, that would no longer be a problem, he said. The moment you enter the classroom, the camera will monitor you all the way through and can tell how long you lower your head, whether youre pla

22、ying with a smart phone, whether youre dozing off or reading other books, he added. The news has raised wide debate on Chinese social media, with many questioning if the cameras will violate students privacy. A Sina Weibo user said: I oppose such methods, and it is not clear whether the systems are

23、developed by the school itself or by third parties. If it is the latter, is there any regulation of security? Where will the information be sent and stored? Gan Xiangsi, a senior student from the university, said she welcomed the systems being applied in dormitories and libraries as this can help pr

24、event personal belongings being stolen，but it is not necessary to use such technology in the classroom. If the teacher teaches well，the students will be interested, she said. On the contrary, this kind of monitoring will make everyone feel resistant. China Pharmaceutical University is not the first university to use facial recognition technology on campus. Many universities across the country have installed cameras at campus entrances to ensure safety. But many are also hesitant when it comes to applying such technology in classrooms.