最新非谓语动词完整版Word文件下载.docx

1、diedseveraldaysago.Thenewsreportsago.tohave 因此B选项正确。句意为“ 有人认为他已做了一件傻事。现在应怪他自己丢掉这份工作。”考查动词非谓语形式。3_ that she was going off to sleep, I asked if shed like that little doll on her bed.ASeeing BTo see CSee DSeen【答案】A考查非谓语动词的用法。本句的主语是 I，I 与 See 的意义的逻辑关系是主动，也就是Seeing 才能表示主语与非谓语的“主动”的逻辑关系。4_ by the advances

2、 in technology, many farmers have set up wind farms on their land.ABeing encouraged BEncouragingCEncouraged DHaving encouraged考查过去分词做状语：句意：被科技的进步鼓舞着，很多农民在自己的土地上建起了风力发电厂。逗号前面的是非谓语动词做状语，encourage和这句话的主语many farmers是被动关系，用过去分词做状语，选C。考查过去分词做状语5（山东） There is a note pinned to the door _ when the shop will

3、 open again.Asaying BsaysCsaid Dhaving said在这个句子中note和say是主动关系，所以要用saying。此处saying引导的句子做伴随状语。句意为：门上钉着张纸条，写着这家商店什么时候再营业。故答案选A。考查非谓语动词。【知识拓展】非谓语动词的选择要根据所填的动词及它所要修饰的逻辑主语之间的关系确定。doing表主动表进行；done表被动表完成；to do表目的表将来。【名师点睛】本题考查非谓语。先把句子简化：There is a note （which is pinned to the door） saying when the shop wil

4、l open again.伴随状语是指状语从句的动作伴随主句发生，它所表达的动作或状态是伴随着句子谓语动词的动作而发生或存在的，本题考查的是现在分词做伴随状语,用ing形式。现在分词短语表示与主句的主语在逻辑上有主谓关系，即表示主动意义；而过去分词短语则表示与主句的主语在逻辑上是动宾关系，即被动意义；He went to the classroom holding two books； He went to the forest , followed by two dogs.6（福建） _the past year as an exchange student in Hong Kong, Li

5、nda appears more mature than those of her age.ASpending BSpentCHaving spent DTo spend“花费”和其逻辑主语“Linda”之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作原因状语。且“花费”的动作明显早于“看起来成熟”这个动作。表示发生在谓语动作之前的动作，用现在分词的完成时。由于Linda过去几年在香港作交换留学生，所以她看起来比她的实际年龄更成熟。7Time, _ correctly, is money in the bank.Ato use Bused Cusing Duse本题考察非谓语动词。根据句子结构，所填成分是对主句

6、的补充说明，因此只能是作状语。再根据非谓作状主语应与主句一致原则，判断出use与主语time之间为被动，因此直接得出答案B。时间，如果使用得当的话，就是存在银行里的钱。8 volcanoes for many years, I am still amazed at their beauty as well as their potential to cause great damage.ATo study BStudyingCHaving studied DStudied【详解】考查非谓语动词辨析。在研究火山多年之后，我仍然对它们的美丽以及它们造成巨大破坏的潜力感到惊讶。study与主语是逻辑

7、主谓关系，且强调“研究”发生在主句谓语动作之前，应使用现在分词的完成式。故C选项正确。9Recently a survey _ prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused heated debate among citizens.Acompared Bcomparing Ccompares Dbeing compared最近，一项对两家不同超市的同种商品价格进行比较的调查在市民中引起了激烈的争论。分析句子结构可知，该句的主语是a survey，谓语动词是has caused，宾语是heated debate

8、。可见，句子结构是完整的，因此我们要选择的只能是非谓语动词形式。survey与compare之间存在主动关系，因此用现在分词短语作后置定语。故选B。10（北京）The national park has a large collection of wildlife, _ from butterflies to elephants.Aranging BrangeCto range Dranged国家公园有许多的野生动物，包括从蝴蝶到大象等等。此处野生动物和range之间是主动关系，用现在分词，故选A。名师点睛现在分词和过去分词的区别：在语态上，现在分词表示主动意义，过去分词表示被动意义；在时间上

9、，现在分词表示的动作往往正在进行或者与谓语动词同时发生，过去分词表示的动作已经完成或没有一定的时间性。falling leaves 正在下落的树叶 fallen leaves 已经落在地上的树叶分词的作用作定语单个分词作定语，分词前置。The sleeping boy is my son.The excited people rushed into the building.分词短语作定语，分词后置；分词修饰不定代词something等要后置；个别分词如give，left等作定语也后置。The girl standing under the tree is my niece.The build

10、ing built last year is our library.过去分词作定语与其修饰的词是被动关系，相当于一个被动语态的定语从句。Most of the people invited to the party were famous scientists作状语现在分词和过去分词在句中可以作时间、原因、方式、伴随、条件、结果等状语。Not receiving any letter from him, I gave him a call.As I didnt receive any letter from him, I gave him a call.Given more attentio

11、n, the trees could have grown better.If more attention was given, the trees could have grown better.（条件）Walking along the street, I ran across my old friend.Bitten by a snake, he was taken to hospital（原因）.Though defeated, he didnt lose heart. （让步）He lay on the grass, looking into the sky. （伴随）He cam

12、e running to tell me the good news. （方式） 注意：选择现在分词还是过去分词，关键看主句的主语。如分词的动作是由主句的主语发出，分词就用现在分词，反之就用过去分词。试比较：（Being）Used for a long time, the book looks old.由于用了很长时间，这本书看上去很旧。Using the book, I find it useful.在使用的过程中，我发现这本书很有用。分词作状语时，其逻辑主语必须和主句的主语一致，如果不一致，就用独立主格结构，即在分词前加上它的逻辑主语。现在分词的完成式主要用于作状语，一般不用作定语。作表语

13、现在分词作表语多表示主语具有的特征，过去分词作表语多指主语所处的状态。The film is touching.The glass is broken.作宾语补足语分词和不定式一样，在一些感官动词或使役动词后作宾语补足语。I smell something burning.I heard him singing the song.I heard my name called.作插入语其结构是固定的，意思上的主语并不是句子的主语。generally speaking 一般说来 talking of （speaking of） 说到strictly speaking 严格地说 judging fr

14、om 从判断all things considered 从整体来看 taking all things into consideration 全面看来。Judging from his face, he must be ill.从他的脸色看，他一定是病了。Generally speaking, dogs can run faster than pigs.总的来说，狗比猪跑得快。11IPhone, the worlds largest mobile phone maker, said that over the first nine months of the year it _ 23 mill

15、ion handsets in China, an increase of 77 percent _ the same period a year ago.Ahad sold; compared to Bhas sold; compared toCsold; comparing with Dhad sold; comparing with考查时态和非谓语动词。IPhone，世界最大的手机制造商，说今年头九个月期间，它已经在中国销售了2,300万台手机，与一年前的同期相比增加了77%。第一空根据主句动词said可知，从句时态也应用过去时态，再根据over the first nine month

16、s of the year，判断应用过去完成时态；第二空是非谓语动词的固定句式compared to，意为“与相比较”。故选A。12_ the classroom for a whole afternoon, the monitor decided to have a rest.AHaving cleaned BTo cleanCCleaned DClean【解析】考查非谓语动词。整个下午打扫了教室之后，班长决定休息一下。句中clean的动作比decided早，故用完成时；the monitor和clean是主动关系，此处作状语用动词-ing形式，故此处用动词-ing形式的完成时，故选A。13

17、_ the pictures on the screen more clearly, they moved to the front row.ATo watch BWatchingCWatched DHaving watched为了更清楚的看屏幕上的图片，他们移到了前排。表示目的用不定式，故选A。14Look over there! There is a long, winding path _ up to the house.Alead BleadingCled Dto lead看那边!有一条长长的蜿蜒小路通向那所房子。分析句式可知，这是个there be 句型，因此，此处用非谓语动词，pa

18、th与lead是主动关系，因此用现在分词，故选B。15224. The murderer was brought in, with his hands _ behind his back.Abeing mopped Bhaving tied Cto be tied Dtied【答案】D那个谋杀犯被带了进来，手被捆在背后。with的宾语his hands与动词tie构成被动的关系，故使用过去分词。故选D。16The purpose of the new plan is to make life easier, _ it more difficult.Anot make Bnot to make

19、Cnot making Ddo not make【分析】考查非谓语动词的结构平衡性。新计划的目的是使生活更容易，而不是使生活更困难。not to make it more difficult是与to make it easier形成对比的否定结构，两者在句中作表语。17_to work overtime that evening,I missed a wonderful film.AHaving been asked BTo askCHaving asked DTo be asked“由于那天晚上被要求加班，我错过了一场精彩的电影”，主语“我”和动词ask之间是动宾关系，要用过去分词，“被要求

20、加班”这一动作发生在动作missed之前，要用过去分词的完成式having been asked，A项正确；B项 to ask是动词不定式，表示目的或将要发生的动作，不正确；C项 having asked 是现在分词的完成式，不正确；D项 to be asked 是动词不定式的被动形式，不符合语境，故选A。考查非谓语动词18In response to the citizens concern, the government claimed _ measures to attend to the increasingly serious smog in the past two months.

21、Ataking Bto takeChaving taken Dto have taken考查固定结构。为了回应市民的担忧，政府声称在过去的两个月里已经采取措施来应对日益严重的雾霾。claim to do声称，该用法是固定用法，“过去的动作或状态持续到现在并且已经完成”用现在完成时，故选D。19Urban Chinese travelled to 68 countries during the Spring Festival holiday, _ an average of 6,000 yuan each.Aspent BspendingCto spend Dhaving spent春节假期期间

22、，中国的城市人去了68个国家旅行，平均每人花费6000元。该句中的逻辑主语Urban Chinese与spend之间是主谓的关系，所以该空需用现在分词。故选B项。20_ with so much trouble, we failed to complete the task on timeATo face BFaced CFace Dfacing面对这么多麻烦，我们不能按时完成任务。空格处为状语，前后主语一致都是we，face的用法为，sb face sth 或者sb be faced with sth，根据题中的with可知，选B。21（重庆） Like ancient sailors, b

23、irds can find their way_ the sun and the stars.Aused Bhaving usedCusing Duse象古代的水手，鸟能利用太阳和星辰来找到他们的路。谓语动词是can find，故use用非谓动词作伴随状语，与逻辑主语birds是主动关系，用现在分词做伴随状语，根据句意，use这一动作与谓语动词动作同时，用现在分词的一般式。故选C。【点睛】伴随状语是指状语从句的动作伴随主句发生，它的特点是：它所表达的动作或状态是伴随着句子谓语动词的动作而发生或存在的，这个考点在高考中经常出现，本题考查的是分词做伴随状语，分为现在分词和过去分词，现在分词短语表示

24、与主句的主语在逻辑上有主谓关系，即表示主动意义； 而过去分词短语则表示与主句的主语在逻辑上是动宾关系，即被动意义；He sen me an e-mail hoping to ge further information 他给我发一封电子邮件，希望得到更多的信息； He hurried to the hall, followed by two guards. 他匆忙进了大厅，后面跟着两个警卫。22Clearly and thoughtfully_, the book inspires confidence in students who wish to seek their own answer

25、s.Awriting Bto writeCwritten Dbeing written这本书写得既清楚又意味深长，该书激励了那些希望寻求自己的答案的学生的自信心。根据write与the book是被动的关系，所以要用过去分词作状语。23_ nearly all our money, we couldnt afford to stay at a hotel.AHaving spent BTo spendCSpent DTo have spent已经花完了几乎所有的钱，我们无法支付住宾馆的费用。动词不定式表将来和目的，根据句意可知，“花钱”的动作发生在过去，排除B、D；过去分词表完成和被动，we与

26、spend是主谓关系，应该用现在分词，排除C；当两个动作有先后关系时，用现在分词的完成式，现在分词的完成式在本句相当于because we have spent nearly all our money，表原因。24A hearty laugh relieves physical tension, _your muscles relaxed for over half an hour.Ato leave Bleft Cleaving Dleave开怀大笑可以缓解身体紧张，至少可以使你的肌肉放松半小时。分析句子可知，空格处做伴随状语。且与逻辑主语laugh构成主动关系，所以用现在分词。25By no means _ when we try to create a global brand.Athe cultural factor is to neglectBis the cultural factor to neglectCthe cultural factor is to be neglectedDis the cultural factor to be neglected考查倒装句型及语态。在打造国际品牌的过程中，文化因素绝对不容忽视。By no means“绝不”位于句首时，后面需要部分倒装，因此将is提前；文化因素是被忽略的，应用被动语态。26. Teamw