1、计算出I cant figure out what he was hinting at. 看透Please figure out the total cost. 计算出Could you help me figure out this problem? 解决I didnt figure out how to do it. 想出I simply couldnt figure out his intention. 弄明白Words and Phrasesthus adv.因此，从而（教材P49）Christopher Columbus（14511506）was an Italian explore
2、r who completed journeys between Spain and the Americas，thus marking the beginning of European exploration of the Americas.克里斯托弗哥伦布（14511506）是一位意大利探险家，他完成了西班牙和美洲之间的旅程，从而标志着欧洲探索美洲的开始。例1The universities have expanded，thus allowing many more people the chance of higher education.大学扩招了，这样就使更多人能有机会接受高等教育
3、。例2We do not own the building.Thus，it would be impossible for us to make any major changes to it.我们不是这栋楼房的房主，因此不能对它进行大改动。造句老年人常常想方设法省钱吃饭，结果损害了他们的健康。Old people often try to save money to eat，thus endangering their health.知识拓展therefore adv. 因此；所以so conj. 因此；as a result 结果；因此即学即练单句语法填空They never change
4、 and thus/therefore I can trust them.He lost his health，and therefore his difficulties increased.confirm v证实，证明（教材P50）The first people confirmed to have reached the top were Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay in 1953.第一批被证实登上顶峰的人是1953年的埃德蒙希拉里和丹增诺盖。例1 Rumours of job losses were later confirmed.裁员的传言后来
5、得到了证实。例2His guilty expression confirmed my doubt.他内疚的表情证实了我的猜疑。造句你能证实一下接下来发生了什么事吗？ Can you confirm what happened next?confirmation n 证实，证明；确认函confirmed adj. 成习惯的，根深蒂固的，坚定的confirm to have done sth. 确认已完成某事I am confirmed （confirm） in my opinions by what you told me.Im still waiting for confirmation （c
6、onfirm） of the test results.（be）similar to 与相似（教材P51）In 2011，words similar to those of Mallory were spoken by American mountain climber Alan Arnette，who climbed Qomolangma in that year and was going to climb other high mountains around the world.2011年，美国登山运动员艾伦阿内特（Alan Arnette）说了类似于马洛里的一些话。当年，阿内特登上了
7、珠穆朗玛峰，并打算登上世界各地的其他高山。例1My opinions are similar to his.我的看法跟他的相似。例2She has a dictionary similar to mine.她有一本和我的类似的词典。造句玛丽的帽子和简的差不多。Marys hat is similar to Janes.be similar in 在方面相似，和差不多similarly adv. 相似地；类似地similarity n. 相似；类似The two cars are very similar in size and design.My teaching style is simil
8、ar to that of most other teachers.bring.into focus 使成为焦点（教材P51）It brings into focus whats important to you.它会让你关注对你来说重要的事情。例1This will broaden your horizons and bring new ideas and opportunities into focus.这会开阔你的视野，为你关注的事物带来新的想法与机会。例2We touched on too many topics，so the group leader brought all of t
9、hem into focus by summarizing.我们谈及了许多话题，因此组长通过总结把所有讨论的问题谈清楚了。造句新经理组织能力太强了，很快就把主要问题搞清楚并且解决好。The new manager was so wellorganized that he brought the problems into focus and solve them soon.focus n 焦点；集中点；焦距；中心v.（使）集中；聚集focus sth.on 集中某物于/把某物对准focus ones attention/mind/energy on 集中注意力/心思/精力于Having foc
10、used（focus） his attention on urgent problems，he hardly has time to play games with you.With the development of society，the focus of public attention has changed（change），too.figure out弄明白（教材P51）It forces you to look deep inside yourself and figure out if you really have the physical，as well as mental
11、，toughness to push when you want to stop.它迫使你审视自己的内心深处，弄清楚自己是否真的有足够的体力和脑力，当你想停下来的时候去推动它。例1I cant figure out what he is talking about.我真搞不懂他在讲什么。例2No one could figure out where the gas came from in his magic.没人能搞懂他魔术中的气体来自哪里。造句小男孩似乎弄明白了老师正在讲解的题目。The little boy seems to have figured out what the teach
12、er is explaining.figure n 数字；图形；人物；身材；体形；人影 v计算；想；估计；认为keep ones figure 保持（优美的）身材figure on 期待， 指望， 依赖figure that 认为， 认定There are many stone figures （figure） along the two sides of the road.You can figure on him showing （show） up in the party on time.小片段填空As an important figure of the company，Sue tri
13、ed to figure out how to announce that the company had earned less than 6 figures that year.And most importantly she figured that few people was likely to believe her.作为公司的重要人物，苏设法想出如何公布公司去年收益不到六位数的消息。最重要的是，她认为很少有人会相信她。attempt vt.企图，尝试n.努力，尝试（教材P51）With the majority of attempts to climb Qomolangma re
14、sulting either in total success or failure，is there also a scientific reason behind this risktaking?大多数登珠峰的尝试要么完全成功，要么彻底失败，那么在这种冒险行为背后是否也有科学依据呢？例1In an attempt to attract more customers，they took a variety of measures.为了吸引更多顾客，他们采取了各种措施。例2The two friends made an unsuccessful attempt at a compromise.
15、这两个朋友试图和解但未成功。造句为削减费用，关闭了两家工厂。Two factories were closed in an attempt to cut costs.attempt at doing sth./to do sth. 尝试或努力做某事make an attempt at doing/to do sth. 尝试或努力做某事at ones/the first attempt 第一次尝试Theres no point in attempting to present（present） your idea to himhell never listen.He made an attemp
16、t to pass（pass） the 2019 College Entrance Examination，but he didnt succeed in the end.（教材P51）He refers to the personalities of these people as“Type T”，with the“T”standing for“thrill”他把这些人的性格称为T型，T代表“惊险刺激”。（1）refer to.as把称之为例1I always refer to him as a bookworm.我总是称他为书呆子。例2People who work in offices
17、are usually referred to as“white collar workers”那些在办公室工作的人被称为“白领工人”。造句她总是称汤姆为“那个好人”。She always refers to Tom as “that nice man”refer to sb. 指的是某人；提及某人refer to sth. 参考；查阅；提及Students are asked to complete the exercise without referring （refer） to any materials.If you dont know what this word means，ref
18、er （refer） to the dictionary.In his speech，he didnt refer to the pollution of the company at all.Although his secretary prepared enough related information about it for him，he didnt refer to any.He was referred to as an irresponsible leader by his colleagues.在他的演讲中，他一点儿也没有提及公司的污染问题。尽管秘书为他准备了这方面足够多的材
19、料，但是他一点也没有参照。他被同事称为一个不负责任的领导。（2）stand for代表；主张 例1 Its well known that the olive branch stands for peace.众所周知，橄榄枝代表和平。例2We Chinese stand for peace and wish to settle all disputes by peaceful means.我们中国人民是主张和平的，希望用和平方式解决争端。造句PRC代表中华人民共和国。PRC stands for Peoples Republic of China.stand by 站在旁边；袖手旁观；支持st
20、and out 显著；突出stand up 站立；站起来cant stand sth./doing sth. 不能忍受（做）某事How can you stand by and do nothing when she needs help?I cant stand seeing （see） children smoking anywhere at any time.Sentence PatternsIt is 过去分词 从句（教材P51）It is still not known if he succeeded in reaching the top of Qomolangma before
21、it took his life.目前还不清楚他是否在丢掉性命之前成功登上珠峰峰顶。句式分析：该句中it是形式主语，后面的if引导的从句是真正的主语。而且此处的it不可用其他词如this，that等来代替。在英语中，只有it可作形式主语。例1It is not known if he is fit for the job.还不清楚他是否适合这份工作。例2It is widely known that seven people were killed in the accident.人们都知道这场事故中有七人丧生。造句大家都知道中国姓放在名字前面。It is known that family
22、names come before the first name in China.（1）句型“Itbe过去分词that”中常用的过去分词有：said，reported，considered，believed，hoped，suggested，estimated，admitted等。（2）下列三种句型可以相互转换Itbe过去分词thatPeople say/think.that.Sb./Sth.be过去分词不定式翻译It is generally agreed that he is one of the most famous writers in our country.（大家普遍认为）It
23、was reported that he had won the game at his first international competition.（据报道）Its often said that we are living （live） in an age of information explosion.We are said to be living （live）in an age of information explosion.either.or.要么要么大多数登珠峰的尝试要么完全成功，要么彻底失败，在这种冒险行为背后是否也有科学依据呢？本句中either.or.是连接词，意为
24、“或者或者；不是就是”。在这里连接两个宾语。例1Im going to major either maths or biology in university，as both are my favorite subjects.在大学里我打算要么学数学，要么学生物，因为这两个都是我最喜欢的科目。例2You either go or stay.Dont just wander here doing nothing.你要么走，要么留。不要在这儿走来走去无所事事。造句我们要么选张伟做我们远足的队长，要么选刘迪。We will elect Zhang Wei or Liu Di as our capta
25、in of going outing.either.or.主要用于表示选择，其意为“要么要么”“或者或者”，用于连接两个性质相同的词或短语；连接两个成分作主语时，谓语动词通常与其靠近的主语保持一致。除可连接两个词或短语外，有时也可连接两个句子。其否定式可以是not either.or.，也可以是neither.nor.。He neither knows nor cares what happened.（既不知道也不关心）Neither the teacher nor the students are going to Huangshan.（老师和学生都不）Either you or I am
26、（be） wrong.It is impossible that we are both right.One will get ill，either because he doesnt take enough exercise，or because he doesnt have a healthy diet.1（教材P50）For these people，climbing Qomolangma is an experience like no other，making some feel weak and others，powerful.分析此句是一个主系表结构的简单句。Climbing Q
27、omolangma是动名词短语作句子的主语。like no other是介词短语意思是“与众不同”。making some feel weak and others，powerful是动名词短语作定语修饰表语an experience，结构为：make sb.do sth.，and 后面为省略结构，原句应该为making others feel powerful。译文对于这些人来说，登珠峰是一种与众不同的体验，能让一些人感到虚弱，让另一些人感到强大。2（教材P51）Psychologist Frank Farley has spent years studying people who jump out of planes and drive fast cars，as well as those who climb Qomolangma.分析此句是一个主从复合句。主句是主谓宾结构的句子。其中spend time doing sth.后面的宾语people后面有两个who引导的定语从句；as well as连接两个定语从句。译文心理学家弗兰克法利用多年的时间研究那些高空跳伞以及开快车的人，以及那些登珠峰的人。教材高考1.With the majority of
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