1、s room (房间属二人共同所有)Joans and Janes room (指 Joan 禾口 Jane 各自的房间)an hour and a half s w(l步行一个半小时的路程)5. s所有格所修饰的词的省略现象(1)表示诊所、店铺或某人的家等地点名词,其名词所有格后的 被修饰语常常省略。I met her at the doctors (office).我在诊所遇见了她。He has gone to the tailors (shop).他至 U服装店去了。She went to Mr . Blacks (house) yesterday .她昨天到布莱克先生 家去了。(2)名
2、词所有格所修饰的词,如果前面已经提到过,往往可以省 略,以免重复。Whose pen is this ? Its Toms .这是谁的钢笔?是汤姆的。The bike is not mine , but Wang Pinpins .这辆自行车不是我的,是 王品品的。B. of所有格的用法-of所有格由of加名词构成,其用法归 纳如下:1.of所有格一般用于无生命的东西的名词中。 例如:a map ofthe world, the story of a hero, the windows of the room, the title of the film2.用于名词化的词。the sticks
3、 of the bli nd 盲人的拐杖3.修饰词较多时也可用of所有格。the very long and graceful tail of the black cat 黑猫的又长又美的尾巴4.表示有生命的东西的名词,有时也可以用 of所有格。the childre n of the family 那家的孩子们5.某些of所有格和s所有格可以互换。the son of a poor peasa nt = a poor peasa nts son 个贫农的儿子6某些of所有格和s所有格互换,有时含义却不相同,请比较下 面的例子:an old woma ns story (一个老妇人讲自己的身世
4、)the story of an old woma n (别人讲一个老妇人的身世)起修饰作用的名词,如不表示所有关系,通常不用 。例 room number,tooth brushs所有格和of所有格两种所有格形式结合在一起,构成of +所 有格”形式,即双重的所有格。它通常表示部分观念,即全体中的一 部分,在意义上与one of .相似,它主要修饰of短语之前的 那个名词。此外,双重所有格与指示代词连用时,常带有感情色彩, 如赞赏、不满、厌恶等。它的主要形式如下:1.名词+ of+名词性物主代词。a good friend of mine 我的一个好朋友an in terest ing st
5、ory of his 他的有趣的经历2 .名词+ of+ s所有格。He is a friend of my sisters . (= one of my sisters friends ) 他是我姐姐的一个朋友Look at that long n ose of Jacks .看杰克的那个长鼻子。(感情 色彩)试比较:a picture of Xiao Zha ng 小张(本人)的照片a picture of Xiao Zha ngs 小张(具有的照片中)的一张照片3.不定冠词、数词、某些不定代词(some,any, many ,no, few等)以及which等限定词,一般不与形容词性物主
6、代词或s 所有格等一起放在名词前修饰名词,而采用 of所有格或双重所有格形式。most of the stude nts 学生中的大多数three of them 他们中的三个人I have read some books of his .我读过他的一些书Which book of Qio ng Y aos have you read ?你读过琼瑶的哪一本书?D. s所有格、of所有格和双重所有格三者之间的细微区别请仔细比较下面三句话:1.She is Marys brothers friend2.She is a friend of Marys brother .3.She is a fri
7、end of Marys1句用的是s所有格,侧重说明她和Mary的哥哥是朋友关系,突 出 friend 词。2句用的是of所有格,侧重说明她和Mary的哥哥是朋友关系,强调 突出了 Marys brother。3句用的是双重所有格,侧重说明 Mary哥哥的朋友不止是一个,她只是其中的一个。1.名词的格的种类英语名词有三个格,即主格、宾格和所有格。 名词的主格和宾格形式相同,所以它们又统称作通格。当名词用作主语、宾语、表语时,用通格。英语名词的所有格表 示所属关系,它分-s所有格和of所有格两种形式。Tom loves Mary. (Tom 为主格,Mary 为宾格,均为通格形式)Tom s b
8、est friend is Mary. (Tom s是所有格,Mary 为通格)The title of the book is interesting. (of the book 为所有格)2.-所有格的构成方法(1) 一般情况(包括单数名词和不带词尾s的复数名词)加-:children s book儿童图书 today s paper 今天的报纸(2) 带词尾s的复数名词只加省字撇(:girls school子学校 the Smiths car史密斯家的小汽车注:带词尾 s的单数名词,通常仍加the boss s plan老板的计划 the hostess s worry 女主人的担心(3
9、)带词尾s带词尾的人名,可加或只加省字撇(:Dicke ns novels狄更斯的小说 Charles s jol查理斯的工作不带词尾-s却 以咝音结尾者,一律加却以咝音结尾者,Marx s works马克思的 著作George s room 乔治的房间(4)用and连接的并列连词的所有格要分两种情况,即表示各自的 所有关系时,要分别在并列连词后加-,表示共同的所有关系时,只在最后一个名词后加-,表示共同的所有关系时,只在最后一个 名词后加:Tom s and Jim s rooms汤姆和吉姆(各自)的房间Tom and Jim s rooms汤姆和吉姆(共同)的房间3.-s所有格的用法-s所
10、有格主要用于有生命的东西,但有时也 可用于无生命的东西,这主要见于:(1)用于表时间的名词后:tomorrow s weather明天的天气 two days journey 两天的旅程比较:ten minutes break = a ten-mi nute break 10 分钟的休息(2)用于表国家、城市的名词后: America s policy美国的政策 the city s population 这个城市的人口(3)用于某些集合名词后:the majority s vie多数人的观点 the government s policy 政府的政策(4)用于组织机构后:the statio
11、n s waitmrgom 车站候车室(5)用于度量衡及价值名词后:a mile s distanee 1英里的距 离 twenty dollar s value 20美元的价值注:对于带有连字符已 转化为形容词的度量衡,不能用所有格形式:te n-mi nute walk 10 分钟的路程(比较: walk)(6)用于表天体的名词后:the moon s rays月光 theearth s surface地球表面(7)用于某些固定表达中:eii-fo nt-family: Times New Roma n”a stones throw箭之遥at one s wit s en黔驴技穷at ar
12、ms len gth 以一臂之距 out of harms wa在完全的地方4.-s所有格与of所有格的用法比较(1)of所有格既可用于有生命的人或物,也可用于无生命的东西。of所有格有时可以与-所有格互换。如:Mr Smith s son二the son of Mr Smith 史密斯先生的儿子 Jim s patienee = thepatienee of Jim 吉姆的耐心 the Queen s arrival = the arrivalof the Queen 女王的到达(2)必须用所有格的情形:表类别时:men s shoes男鞋, ehildren s storieL童故事 表来
13、源时:John s telegram 约翰 的电报 当被修饰的名词后有同位语修饰时: Mary s husband, a(3)必须用of所有格的情形:用于无生命的事物时:the subjectof the sentence 句子主语 Times New Roman: mso-ascii-font-family:Times New Roman” 表同位关系时:the City of Beijing 北京市当中心词是名词化的名词时:thelife of the poor 穷人的生活当of所有格中的名词后跟有后置修饰语或同位语时:of Mr Smith is a foreign teacher of
14、 aun iversity in Chi na. 史密斯先生是中国一所大学的外籍教师【课堂检测】一、 用所给词的适当形式填空:1.March 8th is Day. (woma n).2.Taking twenty ( 分钟)exercise every day is good for your health.3.The shop sells ( 妇女)han dbags.4.Teachers in western countries have a ( 三个月的)holiday in ayear.5.I ll give my English teacher a card for Day. (t
15、eacher)6.It s only ten walk from the station to the hotel. (minute)7.It s an (hour) ride from here to the museum.二、 选择填空:1 . -How s Joy s skirt?-Her skirt is more beautiful tha n .A.her sister s and Kate B. her sister and KateC. her sister and Kate s D. her sister s and Kate s2.This is room. The twi
16、n sisters like it very much.A. Lucy s and Lily BsLucy and Lily C. Lucy and Lily 3.In time, those mountains will be covered with trees, too.A. few years B. a few years C. a few year D. a few year 4.We will have a holiday after the exam.A. two month B. two -monthC. two mon th s D. two -mon ths5.Did yo
17、u hear the report?A. policeme n B. policeme n C. policemens D. policemens s about walk from my home.A. ten minute B. ten minutes C. ten minute s D. ten minutes7.This is my dress. That one is .A. Mary B. Mary C. sister D. mother8.Every morning Mr. Smith takes a to his office.A. 20 minutes walk B. 20
18、minute s walkC. 20-mi nutes walk D. 20-mi nute walk9.Where is sweater ? I can t see it.A. Lucy B. Lucys C. Lucy 10. mothers made them have piano lessons.A. Peter and Anne B. Peter s and Anne C. Peter s and Anne D. Peter and Anne 11. The room on the right is .12 . We II have a holiday. What about goi
19、ng to the West Lake?A. two daysB. two-dayC. two-daysD. two-days (两天的假期:two daysholiday/tw-dayholiday)13 . The market isnt far from here. It s onlybicycle rideA. half an hours B. half an hour C. half an hourD. an hour and a half14. Where s your father ? At .A. Mr Green s B. Mr. Green C. the Mr. Green
20、 15. The twin brothers always put small presents in stockings onChristmas Day.A. each other s B. each otherC. each others D. each others 16. My father will have a holiday next mon th. He II take me toQin gdao.A. ten days B. ten daysC. ten-days D. ten day 17. Where have you been these days?I have bee
21、 n to Bei Daihe with a frie nd .A. in Chin ese B. of Japa nC. of American s D. from Canada18. When we saw the film Hero, I sat between Ted and Ben. That is to say myseat was betwee n .A. Ted and Ben B. Ted s and BenC. Ted and BenD. Ted s and Ben 19people.It is said that SARS has killed more tha nwor
22、ldwide.20.Kate won theracein the summer sports meeti ng.A. 100-metreB.100-metresC. 100 metreD. 100 metre 同(12 题)21 .Whose bike is it ? It22.I II give yo_to finish the work. OK.A. two week s timeB. two weeks time23.A. the childre nB. the childre nC.of the childre nD.the childre nsC. two week timeD. two weeks timedesk is the cleanest in the classroom.father.26 . Who is the man in the blue car? He isA. Kate s and Mary s B. Kate and Mary
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