汽车专业术语中英文词汇对照表文档格式.docx

1、heavy truck重型货车off-road vehicle越野汽车1.4 special purpose vehicle 专用汽车special purpose vehicle专用汽车van厢式汽车tanker罐式汽车dump truck自卸汽车中 文semi-trailer towing vehicle半挂牵引汽车full-trailer towing vehicle全挂牵引汽车二、 Vehicle construction汽车构造2.1 Main components of vehicle汽车主要组成engine发动机front axle前桥wheel轮clutch离合器gearbox

2、变速器propeller shaft传动轴universal joint万向节final drive and differential主减速器和差速器9rear axle后10body身2.2 Vehicle performance汽车性能maximum speed of the汽车最高automobile车速time of acceleration of the汽车加速时间maximum gradeability of汽车最大the automobile爬坡度constant-speed fuel econ-汽车等速omy of the automobile油耗economical spee

3、d of the汽车经济2.3 engine position 发动机布置front engine , rear wheel前置发动机，drive后轮驱动rear engine , rear wheel后置发动机，0/30front engine , front wheel前轮驱动under cab-floor engine驾驶室下置underfloor engine车厢地板下置发动机三、 Vehicle dimensions汽车尺寸vehicle overall length车长vehicle overall width车宽vehicle overall height车高front over

4、hang前悬Rear overhang后悬wheelbase轴距tread轮距ground clearance最小离地间隙angle of incidence接近角descent angle离去角四、 Wheel alignment 前轮定位caster主销后倾steering axis inclination主销内倾camber前轮外倾toe-in前轮前束五、 Diameter of turning circle 转弯直径steering angle转向角outside diameter of最小转弯外径minimum turning circle最小转弯直径diameterInside d

5、iameter of最小转弯内径Turning clearance circle转弯通道圆1/30第二类 ENGINE 发动机一、 Engine construction 发动机构造rocker arm cover摇臂罩valve rocker arm气门摇臂camshaft凸轮轴camshaft drive凸轮轴驱动轮spark plug lead火花塞导线timing belt cover正时皮带罩valve spring气门弹簧poppet valve菌形气门piston活塞connecting rod连杆11timing belt正时皮带12combustion chamber燃烧室1

6、3cylinder block汽缸体14water jacket水套15oil filter机油滤清器16flywheel飞轮17ring gear齿圈18oil gage机油标尺19oil pan/sump油底壳20crankshaft曲轴21drain plug放油孔塞22v-belt pulleyV 型皮带轮二、 Essential term 基本术语cylinder diameter汽缸直径piston stroke活塞行程crank radius曲轴半径piston displacement活塞排量compression chamber压缩室容积volumetotal cylinde

7、r volume总汽缸容积top dead center上止点8 bottom dead center 下止点三、 Engine operation principle发动机工作原理3.1 Four-stroke gasoline engine operation principle四冲程汽油机工作原理intake stroke进气行程compression stroke压缩行程expansion stroke膨胀行程exhaust stroke排气行程combustible mixture可燃混合气intake valve进气门spark plug火花塞exhaust valve排气门exh

8、aust gas废气3.2Four-stroke diesel engine operational principle四冲程柴油机工作原理intake进气compression压缩combustion燃烧expansion膨胀exhaust排气air空气injector喷油器3.3 Two-stroke gasoline engine operation principle二冲程汽油机工作原理inlet port进气口2/30crankcase曲轴箱precompressed mixture预压混合气transfer canal输气道intake portexhaust port排气口3.4

9、 Two-stroke diesel engine operation principle二冲程柴油机工作原理blower pump扫气泵precompressed air预压空气air chamber空气室四、 Engine performance 发动机性能序号 英 文 中 文fixed throttle6oil inlet hole7cylinder head cover序号 英 文8cylinder head gasket9oil filter mounting flangeventilating pipemounting seatcylinder block stiffeningri

10、b12rear main bearing cover13main bearing cap14oil sumppan gasket15oil sump/panfuel pump mountingflangeignition distributormounting flangecamshaft bearing bushseatcamshaft drive（gear）covercylinder head covergasket加油孔汽缸盖罩汽缸盖衬垫凸缘通风管座加强肋后主轴承罩主轴承盖油底壳衬垫燃油泵凸缘分电器凸缘轴承座驱动齿轮罩衬垫characteristics速度特性part throttle负

11、荷特性engine speed转速torque扭矩horsepower功率specific fuel consumption燃油消耗率五、 Crank connecting rod mechanism曲柄连杆机构5.1 Cylinder block 机体组cylinder liner汽缸套cylinder bearing surface汽缸套表面cylinder head汽缸盖inlet manifold mounting进气歧管5.2 Piston,connecting rod 活塞连杆组connecting rod shank连杆杆身connecting rod small end连杆小头

12、connecting rod bushing连杆衬套spring clip弹簧卡环piston pin活塞销piston head活塞头部piston ring groove活塞环槽compression ring压缩环oil scraper ring油环piston skirt活塞裙部piston pin boss活塞销座connectingrod bearing连杆轴瓦halfshellconnecting rod cap连杆螺栓3/30连杆大头盖Connecting rod end连杆大头5.3 Crankshaft,flywheel 曲轴飞轮组crankshaft front end曲

13、轴前端front main journal前主轴颈oil passage hole机油孔crank pin曲柄销crank web曲柄臂counterweight平衡重crankshaft collar曲轴后端凸缘flywheel gear ring飞轮齿圈flywheel lock plate飞轮锁片clutch shaft bearing离合器轴轴承main bearing halfshell主轴承（上、（upper,lower）下）轴瓦crankshaft thrust halfring曲轴止推片bearing tang轴瓦定位凸键六、 Valve mechanism 配气机构6.1 S

14、ide valve 侧置气门cam凸轮tappet气门挺杆side valve侧置气门crankshaft timing gear曲轴正时齿轮camshaft gear-wheel凸轮轴齿轮gear drive齿轮传动6.2 Overhead valve 顶置气门camfollower凸轮顶杆push rod推杆adjuster调整螺钉cocker shaft摇臂轴rocker shaft摇臂valve气门气道6.3 Overhead valve 顶置气门camshaft front bearing凸轮轴前轴承valve head气门头valve stem气门杆挺筒lower valve sp

15、ring collar气门弹簧下环outer valve spring外气门弹簧valve guide气门导管inner valve spring内气门弹簧shielding cap护帽oil flinger油封upper valve spring collar气门弹簧上环valve split cone气门锁片closer螺塞rocker armrocker bracket摇臂支座retaining washer定位摇臂thrust washer止推摇臂rocker adjusting screw摇臂调整螺钉camshaft rear bush凸轮轴后轴承23camshaft center

16、bush凸轮轴中间轴承24承承承25oil pump driving gear机油泵驱动齿轮6.4Valve-timing diagram 配气相位图TDC （ top dead center）4/30BDC （bottom dead center）下止点intake opens进气门开intake close进气门关exhaust opens排气门开exhaust closes排气门关direction of rotation旋转方向七、 Gasoline engine-fuel system汽油机供油泵7.1 Fuel system 供油泵fuel level gauge油面指示表air

17、cleaner空气滤清器carburetor化油器inlet manifoldexhaust manifold排气歧管fuel pump汽油泵fuel filter汽油滤清器exhaust silencer排气消声器fuel pipe油管fuel tank汽油箱7.2 Air cleaner 空气滤清器intake tube进气管deflector knob导流旋扭air deflector空气导流器cleaner body滤清器壳butterfly nut蝶形螺帽filter cover滤清器盖filter seal ring滤清器密封环cleaner cartridge滤清器滤芯silencer element消声元件crankcase bleed pipe曲轴箱通风管hot air pipe热空气管7. 3 Fuel pump,fuel filter汽油泵，汽油滤清器fuel pump base汽油泵座diaphragm膜片fuel inlet neck汽油进口fuel pump body汽油泵壳filter screen滤清器网bowl cover泵盖fuel feed port汽油出口distance washer调整间隔垫圈diaphragm spring膜片弹簧fulcrum pin杠杆支点销