高考一轮英语 第1部分 必修3 Unit 4 Astronomythescience of the stars文档格式.docx

1、记住词义1astronomy n. 天文学2religion n. 宗教；宗教信仰3atom n. 原子4globe n. 球体；地球仪；地球5dioxide n. 二氧化物6atmosphere n. 大气层；气氛7fundamental adj. 基本的；基础的8chain n. 链子；连锁；锁链9multiply v. 乘；增加10biology n. 生物学11gravity n. 万有引力；重力12satellite n. 卫星；人造卫星13crash v. 碰撞；坠落写出短语1give birth to 产生；分娩2in ones turn 轮到某人；接着3cheer up 感到高

2、兴；感到振奋4break out 突发；爆发5watch out for 密切注意；当心；提防6block out 挡住（光线）7far from 离很远；根本不是8now that 既然联想拓展名词后缀ist1novelist 小说家2receptionist 接待员3tourist 旅行者，观光者4journalist 记者，新闻工作者短语串记1reach out for 伸手去拿2try out for 参加选拔3make up for 补偿；弥补4in time 及时；终于5in no time 立刻；马上6at a time 每次；一次7at one time 曾经；一度8at ti

3、mes 有时候；不时地9break up 打碎；拆散；分裂10break down 坏掉；破裂；崩溃11break into 破门而入；突然起来12break in 破门而入；打断13break through 突破14in turn 依次；轮流；反过来15by turns 轮流；交替地16take turns to do sth. 轮流做某事17Its ones turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事18to begin with 首先19to conclude 最后20to sum up 总之经典例句The cashiers were asked to watch out for

4、forged banknotes.出纳员接到要求，要注意伪钞。He should have tried out for the Olympic 100metre squad.他本该参加奥运会百米赛跑的选拔。Her enthusiasm makes up for her lack of experience.她的热情弥补了她经验的不足。We had to go and see the principal one at a time.我们得逐一去见校长。I was in a nightclub in Brixton and a fight broke out.当时我在布里克斯顿的一家夜总会里，那里

5、发生了一场斗殴。Negotiations between the two sides have broken down.双方谈判失败了。As the Presidents car drew up，the crowd broke into loud applause.总统的座驾停下时，人群中爆发出热烈的掌声。The children called out their names in turn.孩子们逐一自报姓名。词汇异空间派生词汇原词词义派生词system n系统；systematic adj.1.系统的；有条理的exist vi.存在；existence n.2.存在；theory n学说；

6、theoretical adj.3.理论上的religion n宗教；religious adj.4.宗教的；虔诚的gentle adj.温和的；gently adv.5.温柔地；温和地violent adj.猛烈的；violence n6.暴力；暴力行为harm n& vt.伤害；损害；危害harmful adj.harmless adj.7.有害的8无害的.原创语境填空（用所给词的适当形式填空）The 1.existence （exist） of terrorism lets the world not be stable.Terrorist activities，many of whic

7、h are linked to 2.religious （religion） extremism，have resulted in a global disaster.They not only bring threat to the safety of humans but have 3.harmful （harm） effect on economic growth.Many people are forced to flee their homes because of growing fears of terrorist 4.violence （violent）All governme

8、nts are paying great attention to this issue，but to stop terrorism is indeed a 5.systematic （system） project，which requires effort，wisdom and cooperation. 【导学号：11470053】.单句填空（用所给词的适当形式填空）1In conclusion，more theoretical （theory） and experimental research must be conducted.2The mother patted her child

9、 gently （gentle） on the back，trying to calm him down.词法新图谱核心词汇灵活多变的动词词汇词性意义现在分词过去分词existvi.existingexistedpuzzlev.（使）迷惑；puzzlingpuzzledpulln.&拉（力）；拖；牵引力pullingpulledmultiply乘；multiplyingmultipliedcrash碰撞；crashingcrashedfloat（使）浮动；floatingfloatedThe river is being polluted with many factories 1.exist

10、ing （exist） on both of its sides.Dead fish have been found 2.floating （float） on the surface of the water.Unknown bacteria 3.are multiplying （multiply） fast along the river，which might be a potential risk to peoples health.However，what 4.puzzles （puzzle） the local government is how to deal with the

11、relationship between economic development and environmental protection.They want to take action 5.to pull （pull） down some of the factories，but they fear that this may cause the local economy 6.to crash （crash） and then bring impacts on employment.原创语境改错One of the existed problems for astronauts liv

12、ing in space is how to eat and drink.The problem has long been puzzled scientists.Eating in space is different from eating on Earth.We know pull or pushing a plate or a cup slightly will send them to floating away because there is no gravity.If they crashed into the delicate equipment，terrible thing

13、s will happen.Scientists will multiply on their efforts to have the problems settled as soon as possible.【答案】One of the problems for astronauts living in space is how to eat and drink.The problem has long been scientists.Eating in space is different from eating on Earth.We know or pushing a plate or

14、 a cup slightly will send them floating away because there is no gravity.If they into the delicate equipment，terrible things will happen.Scientists will multiply their efforts to have the problems settled as soon as possible. 【导学号：11470054】exist是不及物动词，没有被动语态形式。常构成下列短语或句型：exist in“存在于之中”；exist on“靠为生

15、”；there exists/existed.“某地有；存在”。existing可作定语，意为“现存的；现有的；目前的”。multiply可作“乘；增加；加倍；繁殖”解。multiply.by.“用乘以”。puzzle sb.“使某人困惑/为难”；puzzle over/about sth.“苦苦思索/仔细琢磨”。send sb./sth.floating away “使某人/物漂走”，send可作“使；让”解，其主语通常是表示动作的名词。crash into.“撞到上”；crash除了作“碰撞；坠毁”解之外，还可作“（经济、股市等）崩溃”解。pull down“拆毁；摧毁”；pull awa

16、y“（汽车等）开走；离开”；pull in“（车辆）进站停靠；靠边停靠”。相依为命的词搭配搭配例释、联想、拓展动介prevent .from阻止；制止watch out for 密切注意；stop.from.制止；keep.（back） from.阻止；discourage.from.阻止；hold.back from.阻止动副cheer up感到高兴；break out 突发；block out 挡住（光线）break away from脱离/挣脱；break down出故障；失败；垮掉；break in插话；break into破门而入；break up打碎；结束形介be harmful

17、to .对有害do/cause harm to sb.do/cause sb.harm对某人有害介名in time及时；in oneon time按时；over time随着时间的推移；久而久之Our efforts will pay off in time.我们的努力迟早会有所回报。.原创语境填空（填入一个适当的词）A conflict broke 1.out when the villagers tried to prevent the factory workers 2.from sending waste water into their field.The villagers had

18、 been watching out 3.for the waste water for some time.They found it was very harmful 4.to their health as well as their crops.Officials came just 5.in time to stop the situation getting worse.They managed to block 6.out the anger of the villagers，promising to punish the factory for what they had do

19、ne.On hearing this，the villagers cheered 7.up and the conflict ended finally.Last night，a fire broke up in my neighborhood.Luckily，firefighters came just in times to prevent the fire from spread.They sprayed a kind of foam（泡沫） on the fire to block away the air.When the fire was finally put out，the c

20、rowd cheered on.But the firefighters warned us to watch out with any electric spark（火花），which might cause another terrible fire.Last night，a fire broke in my neighborhood.Luckily，firefighters came just in to prevent the fire from.They sprayed a kind of foam（泡沫） on the fire to block the air.When the

21、fire was finally put out，the crowd cheered.But the firefighters warned us to watch out any electric spark（火花），which might cause another terrible fire.句法新天地重点句型twice as far as.教材原句But when I tried to step forward，I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.而当我试着向前迈步时，我发觉我被送出去很远，步

22、子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍，因而我摔倒了。twice as far as.是一种倍数的表达方法，意为“是的两倍远”；常用的倍数表达形式有：A.倍数asadj./adv.原级as BA.倍数adj./adv.比较级than BA.倍数thesize/weight/length.of BA.倍数what从句。A new planet discovered recently is almost three times as large as the earth.A new planet discovered recently is almost three times bigger than the

23、 earth.A new planet discovered recently is almost three times the size of the earth.最近发现的一颗行星几乎是地球的三倍大。The worlds population has grown to more than six times what it was in 1800.目前世界人口与1800年相比已经增长到当时的六倍多。make it形容词/名词to do sth.教材原句This produced a chain reaction，which made it possible for life to dev

24、elop.这就产生了一个连锁反应使生命的发展成为可能。在“make it形容词/名词to do sth.”句型中，it为形式宾语，指代后面的不定式短语，形容词或名词为宾语补足语；该句型中的不定式短语可以换成that从句。Mastering the technology makes it possible for us to use the Internet more effectively.Mastering the technology makes it possible that we can use the Internet more effectively.精通这项技术可能会让我们更加

25、有效地利用网络。即时演练.原创语境填空The development of science makes 1.it possible for us to visit the moon.But you will find it difficult 2.to stay （stay） in place there.The earth is 49 times 3.the size of the moon.As a result，the gravity of the earth is about six times as great 4.as that of the moon.When we get cl

26、oser to the moon，we will feel its gravity pulling us，but it is not as strong 5.a pull as the earths.So it is not easy to keep our balance and we may easily float into the air.Now 6.that we cant solve the problem at present，we may as well stay on the earth 7.engaging （engage） ourselves in scientific research. 【导学号：11470055】At a rough estimate，Nigeria is three times size of Great Britain.Its population is now twice that it was 50 years ago.Nigeria is abundant in oil，which makes possible to become Africas No.1 economy.Chinese people are pouring into this country.The number of Chinese tour