学年新教材高中英语Unit6EarthfirstSectionⅡIntegratingskillsWord格式文档下载.docx

1、14cruelty_n残忍，残酷，残暴cruel adj.残忍的；残酷的15adopt v采取（某种方法） adoption n收养，过继；采取16reduce v减少，降低reduction n减少，降低17.permission n允许，许可permit vt.允许 n许可证18majority n多数，大多数（人或物）major adj.主要的；多数的19concerned adj.焦急的，担忧的concern n& v关心，担心；影响，涉及20contribute v促成，造成（某事发生）；贡献；捐献contribution n贡献重点短语1.aim_at 目标是； 旨在做2keep.

2、from_doing. 阻止做3be_used_to_do 被用来做4take_care_of 照顾；照看5the_majority_of. 大多数6mistake.for. 把误认为7.break_down 分解8up_to 多达，高达9turn_off 关闭10common_sense 常识11take.into_account 把考虑进去12depend_on 依靠；取决于13call_on 号召重点句型1.It takes time/money （for sb./sth.） to do sth.：It takes_hundreds_of_years_for_plastic_to_bre

3、ak_down（塑料需要几百年才能分解）.2倍数句型：However, making a paper bag uses four_times_as_much_energy_as_making_a_plastic_bag（所消耗的能量是制作塑料袋的四倍） and up to three times the amount of water. 3强调句型：It_is_the_production_of_food,_not_its_transport,_that（是食物的生产而不是食物的运输） uses most of the energy and produces most of the green

4、house gases.Read the text on Pages 6869 and choose the best answer.1Why does the writer write the passage?AHe wants to introduce some new ways to save energy.BHe wants to correct the false green truths and show really green ones.CHe wants to call on more people to protect the environment.DHe wants t

5、o explain the importance of energy saving.2In the following, which one is NOT the disadvantage of plastic bags?ACausing litter.BBeing treated as food by wild animals.CTaking much more time to break down.DUsing much more energy to produce.3Why do people prefer to each local food?ABecause it can save

6、the energy used to transport.BBecause it tastes better than the food transported long away.CBecause its production uses less energy.DBecause it produces less greenhouse gas.4According to the passage, when should you take a shower?AAnytime you like.BWhen you spend less than 8 minutes in a shower.CWhe

7、n your bath is quite large.DWhen you use about 50 litres of water.答案：14.BDAB devote vt.致力，献身，倾注（教材P65） Now, she is a model and performance artist devoted to ocean conservation.现在，她是一位致力于海洋保护的模特和表演艺术家。 （1）devote.to. 把奉献给；把专注于devote oneself to 致力于；献身于（2）devoted adj. 深爱的；忠诚的be devoted to 专心于；致力于（3）devo

8、tion n. 热爱；I dont think we should devote any more time to this question.我认为我们在这个问题上不应该花费更多的时间了。He devoted all his spare time to helping（help） his students with their English.他把所有的业余时间都用来帮助他的学生学习英语。（四川卷）Before the exam，I devoted myself to preparing（prepare） for it.考试之前，我全身心备考。We were deeply touched b

9、y his devotion（devote） to world peace.他一心为世界和平做贡献，这使我们深受感动。巧学活用语法填空Mrs. White, a devoted（devote） friend of mine, devoted all her energy to her career and her devotion（devote） to children made us vote for her. Finally, she was promoted（晋升） to headmistress. damage v& n破损，损害，损伤（教材P65）In recent years, w

10、e have seen large areas of wetland that were damaged by human activity.近年来，我们看到大片湿地被人类活动破坏。（1） 对造成损害（2）damage ones health 损害某人的健康Do away with the bad habits that might damage your health.去掉那些有可能损害你健康的坏习惯。Damage caused（cause） by the earthquake disaster cant be ignored.地震灾害导致的损失不容忽视。Eating too much me

11、at one time will do damage to your stomach.一次性吃太多的肉会对你的胃造成损害。巧学活用完成句子众所周知，抽烟会损害我们的健康。As we all know, smoking_can_damage_our_health affect v影响；感动，打动（教材P65）Weve also seen droughts and floods caused by these changes, which affect the water supply downstream.我们也看到了这些变化造成的干旱和洪水，它们影响了下游的供水。（1）be greatly/d

12、eeply affected by 被深深感动（2）effect n. 作用；影响have an effect on 对产生影响I had to make important decisions that would affect me for the rest of my life.我不得不作出影响我后半生的重大决定。All the people in the room were_affected（affect） to tears by his story.屋里所有的人都被他的故事感动得流下了眼泪。The weightloss pill has a strong side effect on

13、 peoples hearts.这种减肥药对人的心脏有极强的副作用。 adoptvt.采纳，采用；收养（教材P65）This includes keeping the original environment from being touched, as well as adopting new, sustainable ways of feeding farm animals.这包括保持原始环境不被影响，以及采用新的、可持续的饲养农场动物的方法。（1）adopt an idea/a plan 采纳意见/计划adopt an approach/attitude 采取一种方法/态度adopt a

14、 son 收养一个儿子（2）adopted adj. 领养的；收养的（3）adoption n. 采用，采纳；过继He decided to adopt a new approach to teaching languages.他决定采用一种新的语言教学法。Mr. White is the adopted son of Mrs. Joanna, who adopted him when his parents died 20 years ago.（adopt）怀特先生是乔安娜女士的养子。20年前他的父母去世时，乔安娜收养了他。We will encourage a wider adoption

15、（adopt） of this method.我们将鼓励更广泛地采用这种方法。注意不要将adopt和adapt混淆。adapt意为“使适应；改编，改写”，常见搭配：adapt to适应；adapt oneself to使自己适应巧学活用选词填空（adopt/adapt）The young couple adopted the suggestion that they should adopt an orphan. After a few months, the adopted child adapted to his new life. reducev减少，降低（教材P66）Reduce wa

16、ste by choosing reusable products.通过选择可重复利用产品来减少浪费 （1）reduce.to. 把降到/减少到reduce.by. 把降低/减少了（2）reduction n. 降低；减少Speaking of pollution, we really need to reduce the use of cars.说到污染，我们真的需要减少汽车的使用。Though the price of the house has been reduced by 10% since 2019, we cant afford it either.尽管从2019年以来房价下降了

17、10%，我们还是买不起。Last week the price of eggs reduced to 6 yuan per kilogram.上周，鸡蛋的价格降至每千克6元。 amountn数量；数额vi.合计；相当于（教材P68）However, making a paper bag uses four times as much energy as making a plastic bag and up to three times the amount of water. 然而，制作纸袋所消耗的能量是制作塑料袋的四倍，水的消耗量是塑料袋的三倍。 （1）a large amount ofl

18、arge amounts of 大量的（2）in large/small amounts 大量地/少量地It was obvious that the man made a large amount of money in California.很显然，这个人在加利福尼亚州赚了一大笔钱。A large amount of medicine_is（be） indeed needed in the earthquakehit area.地震灾区确实需要大量的药品。Large amounts of money are_spent（spend） on the celebration.大量的资金被花在庆

19、祝活动上。“a large amount of不可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数；“large amounts of不可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 take.into account （take account of） 把考虑进去（教材P69） In some cases, local produce might have used more energy and produced more greenhouse gases than produce grown a long way awayeven taking into account its transport.在某些情况下，

20、当地的农产品可能比很远的地方的农产品消耗了更多的能源，产生了更多的温室气体，还要考虑到运输。account vi.& vt. 认为；说明；总计有n. 说明；理由；计算；账目account for 是的原因；解释；导致；占（比 例）give an account of 说明on account of 由于，因为He was too shocked to give an account of what had happened on the spot.他震惊得无法描述现场发生了什么事情。She was absent from school on account of illness yesterd

21、ay.昨天她因病没有去学校。Youll have to account for_why you told a lie to me.你必须向我解释你为什么向我撒谎。巧学活用词汇升级（普通表达）I sincerely hope that you will consider my suggestions.（高级表达）I sincerely hope that you will take_my_suggestions_into_account urgev竭力主张，强烈要求，敦促（教材P71）It urges people to save food by not wasting anything on

22、the dining table.它敦促人们节约食物，不要浪费餐桌上的任何东西。（1）urge vt. 催促；主张 urge sb. to do sth./into doing sth. 敦促某人做某事 urge that.（should） do sth. 强烈要求（应该）做某事；极力主 张（应该）做某事（2）urgent adj. 紧急的；迫切的 It is impolite for one to urge other people to drink in the west. 在西方，过分劝酒是不礼貌的。They urged that the library （should）_be_kept

23、（keep） open during the vacation. 他们极力主张图书馆在假期开放。Im afraid something urgent（urge） has come up; I wont be to see you tonight.很抱歉，我有些急事；今天晚上不去见你了。 concernedadj.焦急的；担忧的（1）be concerned about/for. 担心/关心be concerned with/in. 与有关as/so far as.be concerned 就而言（2）concern n. U担心；关切；C 关心的人（或）事vt. 涉及，参与；（使）担忧show

24、 concern about/for 对表示关心/担心After being told her son was lost, a concerned look appeared on her face.被告知她的儿子失踪后，她脸上出现了担心的表情。My English teacher showed great concern about/for me and I felt very warm.我的英语老师很关心我，我感到很温暖。We had several disputes concerned（concern） with this matter.关于此事，我们曾争论过数次。As far as I

25、 am concerned（concern）, parents are too concerned about/for the future of their children.在我看来，父母太过关心他们孩子的未来了。concerned用作形容词时意为“担忧的；关心的”；用作后置定语时意为“相关的；有关的”。另外concerning用作介词时意为“关于；对于”。巧学活用用concern的相关用法填空As_far_as_I_am_concerned,_educators should be_concerned_about the problems that are_concerned_with

26、the healthy growth of the children.就我而言，教育工作者应该关心与儿童健康成长有关的问题。 contributev促成，造成（某事发生）；捐献（1）contribute to （doing） . 有助于；促成contribute.to. 向捐献； 向投稿（2）contribution n. 贡献；捐款；投稿make contributions/a contribution to 对作出贡献（牛津词典）The writer personally contributed 5，000 to the earthquake fund.那位作家亲自捐赠了5 000英镑给地

27、震基金。The invention of paper is a great contribution（contribute） to human civilization.纸的发明是对人类文明的一大贡献。To make our country stronger, everyone should make his/her contributions（contribute）为了让我们的国家更加强大，每个人都必须作出贡献。I am sure your suggestion will contribute to solving（solve） the problem.我确信你的建议将有助于解决这个问题。巧学活用用contribute的适当形式或短语完成小片段Many people contributed_money_to the poor boy, which contributed_to his returning to school. A writer wrote this story and contributed it to a magazine.许多人给这个可怜的小男孩捐钱， 这使他重新回到了校园。一个作家把这个故事写了下来， 并给一家杂志投稿