最新中考英语专项6情态动词讲解及习题Word下载.docx

1、He is away from school. He might be sick. （4） . 表示希望、祈求、祝愿，常可译为“祝愿”。通常是用may +主+V例如：May you have a good time. May you be happy! May you succeed！4. must的用法：（1）.must表示主观看法，意为“必须、一定”。You must stay here until I come back. Must I hand in my homework right now? （2）其否定形式mustnt表示“一定不要” “千万别” “禁止,不许”.如：You mu

2、stnt play with fire. You mustnt be late.（3）对must引导的疑问句，肯定回答为must，否定回答为neednt 或dont have to .如：Must I finish my homework?No, you neednt. （4）must表示有把握的推测，用于肯定句。 The light is on, so he must be at home now.注意其反意问句的构成形式：当must表示肯定的判断、推测时，其反意疑问句要用实际问句的助动词来构成。She must have seen the film before，hasntshe?（注意反

3、意疑问句的后半部分）You must have met uncle Wang in the shop yesterday，didnt you? （注意反意疑问句的后半部分）5. need的用法：（1）.need表示需要、必须，主要用于否定句和疑问句中，其否定形式为neednt，意为“没有必要，不必”。用need提问时，肯定回答为must，否定回答为neednt或dont have to。Need I stay here any longer?Yes, you must .No. you neednt /dont have to.（2）.need还可以作实义动词，此时有人称、数和时态的变化，如果

4、是人作主语后边多接动词不定式。I need to do it right now. 如果是物作主语，一般用need doing与need to be done这种情况下应注意两点：.主动形式的动名词doing具有被动的含义；.该动名词可以改为其动词不定式的被动形式而句子的意义不变。例如：. The door needs painting. = The door needs to be painted. 6. dare的用法：dare意为“敢、敢于”,用法近似于need，有两种词性：（1）dare作为情态动词，多用于否定句、疑问句或条件句中，无第三人称单数形式，只有一般现在时和一般过去时。Dar

5、e he tell them what he knows? I darent ask her will you do it for me?（2）dare作为实义动词，此时有人称、数及时态的变化。He doesnt dare to break his promise.注意：口语中，dare的各种形式常与不带to的不定式连用。Do you dare tell her what I said?7. shall的用法：shall表示征求对方意见（多用于第一、三人称），如：Shall we go out for a walk?8. should的用法：（1）.should意为“应该”，可表示劝告、建议、

6、义务、责任等。We should protect the environment.（2）Should have done表示对过去动作的责备、批评。You should have finished your homework.9. will的用法：will表示意愿、意志、打算，可用于多种人称。I will help you if Im free this afternoon.10. had better的用法：had better意为“最好”，没有人称的变化，后面接不带to的不定式，其否定形式为：had better not。We had better go now.考点二：含有情态动词的疑问

7、句的回答:1.对may引出的问句，可以有下列回答方式：Yes,you may. Yes, of course.Yes, certainly.Sure .No, you mustnt. No, you cant.2.对must引出的疑问句，回答方式为：Yes, must. No, neednt/ dont have to.3.could在疑问句中，表示委婉的语气，此时could没有过去式的意思。4. shall引出的疑问句用于第一人称，表示征求对方意见或客气的请求。其回答方式有以下几种：Yes, please.All right.No, thank you.5.would you的回答方式有以下

8、几种：Yes, I will. （No, I wont.）Sure . （Im sorry , I cant.）All right/ OK/ With pleasure.Certainly. （No, thank you .）Yes, please.考点三:不同情态动词的否定意义也不同：1.（1）.cant可译为“不会”，如：I cant play basketball.（2）当句子表推测时，用cant表达不可能，如：He cant be ill. He is playing chess with Tom.（3）cant还可用来回答“ May I ? ”这样的问句。May I come in

9、? No, you mustnt. / cant.（4）cant还可用于固定习语中。cant help doing禁不住，情不自禁cant wait to do something迫不及待地要做2. may的否定式为may not，译成“可能不”，如：He may not be at home.3.（1）mustnt表示不许，不可。He mustnt leave his room.（2） mustnt也可用于以may表示要求时的否定回答中。May I stand here?No, you mustnt （cant）.4.（1）neednt意为“不必”。You neednt meet him u

10、nless youd like to.（2）neednt + have+动词的过去分词，表不需要完成但已完成的动作，暗含时间或精力上的浪费。You neednt have bought it.你没必要买它（但你却买了）。5. shouldnt表示不应该。You shouldnt feel so unhappy over such little things.考点四:情态动词的被动语态含有情态动词的被动语态的结构为：情态动词+ be + done （动词的过去分词）。做题时要兼顾情态动词和被动语态这两个方面。考点五:情态动词表示推测的用法:一、“情态动词+动词原形”表示对现在的推测。1、can表

11、示推测时一般用于否定句或疑问句。That man cant be her husbandshe is still single.2、must表示肯定的推测，一般用于肯定句中。He must be in his office now.3、might表示推测时不一定是may的过去时，只是表示其可能性较小。The man may be the headmaster.4、Could表示推测时，语气can比要弱，说话者留有余地。Could it be an animal?It could not be，because it is not moving.5、Should表示推测的可能性比较大，仅比must

12、的可能性小一点。It is already 10 oclock now they should be there.二、情态动词表示对过去可能发生的动作或存在过的动作的推测性用法。1、“must +have done/been-”表示“过去一定发生过某事或存在过某种状态”，不用于“musnt+have-”形式。（注意反意疑问句的后半部分）2、“should +have done /been-”表示“本应当做某事，而实际上并没有做”；“shouldnt+完成式”表示“本来不应当做，而实际上却做了”。以上结构常带有说话者的责备的感情色彩。You should have finished your h

13、omework earlier （but in fact you did not finish it on time）.3、“neednt+完成式”表示“本来没有必要做某事，而实际上却做了”。There was plenty of time. She neednt have hurried .4、“cant /couldnt+have done /been-”表示“过去不可能发生了某事或存在过某种状态”。I saw him just now. He cant have gone to Japan.5、“could+have done/been-”表示“过去本来能够，可以做某事或成为某种状态，而

14、实际上没有”，说话者有些遗憾。6、“may/might+完成式”表示“过去可能，本来可以于某事而实际上没有干”，might的可能性较小，语气较弱。He may have finished reading the book. 【情态动词易混点归纳】易混点一: can和be able to:两者表示能力时用法相同，但can只有原形“can”和过去式“could”两种形式，在其他时态中要用be able to来表示。另外be able to常常指经过努力，花费了时间和劳力之后才能做到某事。易混点二:can和may1. can和may均可用来征求意见或许可，意为“可以”，一般可互换使用。Can/ Ma

15、y I help you ? 我能帮助你吗？2. can和may表示可能性时的区别：1）在肯定句中用might，may，must，不用can2）在疑问句中表示推测用can，不用might，may，must3）在否定句中用cant（不可能），不用may，must。She may be in the classroom .她可能在教室里。Where can they be now?他们现在可能在哪儿？That cant be true.那不可能是真的。易混点三: may be和maybe 用法区别 常用位置may be may为情态动词，be为动词原形 句中，作谓语maybe 副词，大概、也许，相

16、当于perhaps 句首，作状语He may be wrong , but Im not sure.也许他错了，但我也不确定。易混点四：cant和mustnt1. cant根据其基本用法可译为：（1）不会。I cant speak English .我不会说英语。（2）不能。We cant do it now because its too dark.天太黑了，我们现在干不了。（3）否定句中表示推测。“不可能”，如：The man cant be our teacher because he is much younger than our teacher.。2. mustnt意为“禁止、不许

17、”，用来表达命令，表示强烈的语气。You mustnt play football in the street. Its too dangerous.易混点五：must和have to1.must侧重于个人意志和主观上的必要。have to侧重于客观上的必要，可用于现在时、过去时和将来时。易混点六: used to do / be used to doing / be used to do/ be used for doing sthused to do表示过去常常发生的动作，强调过去，只用于过去；而be used to doing意为“习惯做”；be used to do意为“被使用去做,”

18、为被动语态形式。be used for doing sth“用作”练习题一1. -Mum， may I watch TV now？-Sure， but you _ help me with my English.A. can B. may C. must D. could2. -_ I download the article again？-No，you neednt.A. Shall B. Will C. Must D. Can3. -Can you go skating with us this afternoon？-Sorry， I cant. I _ take care of my l

19、ittle sister at home.A. can B. may C. would D. have to4. -Must I hand in my exercise book today？-No， you _.A. cant B. neednt C. mustnt D. wont5. -May I have a word with you？-No， you _. Im busy today.A. neednt B. wouldnt C. dont have toD. can6. -_I have your English name， please？-Yes， Helen. H-E-L-E-

20、N.A. Must B. May C. Will D. Need7. -Who is the boy over there？ Is it John？-No， it _ be him. John is much taller.A. mustnt B. may not C. cant D. needn8. -Can you play Frisbee， Jay？-Yes， I _. Its easy.A. must B. can C. need D. may9.-You must come back every month. -Yes， I _.A. will B. must C. should D

21、. can10. She _ know the answer， but Im not sure.A. maybe B. may be C. may D. must11. - Must we clean the room right now？- No， you. You clean it after lunch.t；may B. neednt;mustC. Mustn can D. mustnmay12. John_ come to see us tonight， but he isnt very sure yet.A. may B. can C. has to D. must13. Child

22、ren _ play with fire.t B. cant C. shouldn14. -_ I come in， Mr Green？-Yes,come in， please.A. Must B. Need C. Will D. May15. -Must I finish the work today？-No， you _. You _ finish it tomorrow. may B. can canC. needn may D. needn must练习题二1. _ I go out to play now，Mum? No，you_ AMay，shouldnt BCan，neednt

23、CMust，cant DMaymustnt2. Help me with this case_ you?Adont Bwill Cdo Dshall3. They started early that morning in order that they_ there before noonAmight get Bmay get Cwould get Dgot4. A teacher do every exercise，but a pupil_Aneednt，must Bmay not，must Cneednt, neednt Dcant, must5. If you _ do as I te

24、ll you，you_ go to the partyAcan，shant Bwill, wont Cwont，shall D wont, shantAwill Bwould Cdo Dcan7. Dont believe himHis story _ be trueAmustnt Bneednt Cshouldnt Dmay not8. -She must have gone back to the valley-No, she _ . The entrance to it was nowhere to be foundAmustnt Bneednt Ccouldnt Dhadnt9. Yo

25、u need not do it at once,_?Aneednt you Bmustnt you Cdont you Dneed you10. He must be in the classroom_ he?Amustnt Bcant Cisnt DCan11. Lets go to the libraryshall we? _ANo，I cant BYesI will CYes，thank you DNo，Wed better not12. You ought to have called him yesterday Yes, I know I_Aought to Bought to h

26、ave Cought to have done Dought to have called13. -Why did you keep it a secret from me? -I _ about itAshould be told Bought to have been toldCshould have told Dought to be told14. The work _ be finished in such a short timeAwasnt able to Bcouldnt Cought Dcould15. He looks very tiredHe _ to bed too late last nightAmust go Bmust have gone Ccould go Ddidnt go16. The door _ lock Acant Bmay not Cwont Dmustnt17. As a soldier，you _ do as the head tells youAwill Bshall Cmay Dought18. How _