1、(3)“be about to动词原形”表示立即的将,很少与时间状语连用。The train is about to start火车就要开了。(4)位移动词如e,go,arrive等,其一般现在时表按时间表将要发生的事,现在进行时可表计划、安排要做的事。I arrive in Beijing at 300 pmtomorrow明天下午三点我会到达北京。He is ing他将要。They are leaving for Tibet他们将要去x藏。(5)be to 动词原形表示计划,安排。When are you to leave for NeYork?你计划什么时候去纽约?表示指令,相当于sho
2、uld。You are to report it to the police你应该把这事报告给警察。表示“打算,想要”。If we are to be there before ten,well have to go now若我们想在十点前到,我们现在就得走。现在/过去进行时(1)表示现在或当时发展中的或正在进行的情况。I first met Lisa three years ago,she was working at a shop then我第一次遇见莉莎是在3年前,那时她正在一家商店工作。Hey,look where you are going!嘿,看看你往哪儿走!Oh,Im terri
3、bly sorryI wasnt noticing噢!非常抱歉!我没注意。(2)表示反复出现的或习惯性动作,往往含有赞赏、厌恶、遗憾等情感,常与always,continually,constantly连用。He is always thinking of others first(表赞赏)他总是先为别人着想。He is always making the same mistake (表厌烦)他总是犯同样的错误。(3)表示动作的未完性、暂时性。I dont really work here;I am just helping out until the nesecretary arrives我
4、不是在此工作,我只是在帮忙,新书了我就走。 (暂时性)Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology is changing so rapidly选手机供个人使用不是一容易事因为技术变化太快。 (“变化”尚未完成)(4)表示按计划、安排要做的事。Ive won a holiday for two days to FloridaI am taking my mum我获得了一次去佛罗里达度两天假的机会。我计划带着我妈妈去。 (计划)(5)表示现在或当时发展中的或正在进行的情况。Is this
5、raincoat yours?这是你的雨衣吗?No,mine is hanging there behind the door不是,我的在门后挂着呢。现在完成时(1)在条、时间、让步状语从句中,表示将某时以前已完成的动作。I will not believe you unless I have seen it with my own eyes除非我亲眼看到,我是不会相信你的。Please dont get off the bus until it has stopped车未停,请不要下车。(2)It/This is/will be the first(last,second,third)tim
6、e that和It/This is the best(worst,most interesting)nthat结构的从句要求用现在完成时。This is the first time that Ive heard her sing这是我第一次听她唱歌。Its the best film Ive ever seen这是我所看过的最好的一部电影。过去完成时(1)Hardly/Scarcely/Barely haddonewhen;No sooner haddohan中从句用一般过去时。Hardly had I got home when the rain poured down我刚到家,天就下起了
7、倾盆大雨。No sooner had we started than the car got a flat tyre我们刚出发,轮胎就爆了。(2)表示愿望、打算类的词,如hope,expect,mean,intend,want,think等,用过去完成时表示过去未曾实现的愿望或意图。I had meant to help you,but I was too busy at the moment我本打算帮助你,但当时我太忙了。现在完成进行时(1)表示一个从过去某时开始发生,一直延续到现在并可能延续下去的动作。Ive been waiting for an hour but she still h
8、asnt e我已等了一个小时,但她还没有。(2)表示动作刚刚结束 (有时指出结果)。My clothes are wetIve been walking in the rain我的衣服湿了,我一直走在雨中。(3)表示重复 (指断断续续,而非一直不停)。She has been phoning Jim every night for the past two weeks两个星期以她每天晚上都给吉姆打电话。语 态 被动语态使用要点不及物动词不能用于被动语态如appear,rise,die,happen,belong to,break out,take place等。Great changes ha
9、ve been taken place in my hometown(误)Great changes have taken place in my hometown (正)我们家乡发生了巨大的变化。表示状态的动词不用于被动语态如lack,fit,mean,hold,have,cost,contain,bee,last,possess,consist of,look like等。The book costs 10 yuan这本书花了10元钱。Whats bee of her?她怎么了?主动形式表被动的几种情况(1)某些感官动词和系动词后加形容词可以表示被动意义,如look,smell,taste
10、,feel,prove,wear,sound等。The flower smells sweet花闻起很香。The dish tastes delicious菜吃起非常可口。(2)在主语是物的句子里,有些动词的主动形式可以表示被动意义,这些词后常有副词修饰。常用的这类动词有sell,read,write,wear,wash,open,clean,cook,keep,cut,fill,blow,measure,lock,run,record,begin,shut等。This type of recorder sells well这种型号的录音机销路很好。He doesnt photograph w
11、ell他不太上相。This kind of shirt cleans easily这种衬衫容易洗干净。(3)动名词主动形式表示被动意义通常是事物 (也可以是人)作want,need, require,deserve等动词的主语时,表示事物 (或人)客观上“需要”,用动名词一般式的主动形式作宾语表示被动意义。若动名词是不及物的,后面还应有相应的介词。The children need looking after孩子们需要照看。这种用法还可把动名词改为动词不定式的被动形式表被动。The children need to be looked after(4)在作表语的某些形容词 (easy,diff
12、icult,light,heavy,fit,good,safe,fortable,dangerous,pleasant等)后作状语用的不定式用主动形式表示被动意义。She is easy to approach她平易近人。The rock is hard to break这块岩石很难打碎。不定式符号to在被动语态中不可省略在主动语态中,如果感官动词和使役动词后的宾语补足语是动词,这个动词前往往不用to,但在被动语态中要带to。I saher pass by the window我看见她从窗边经过。She was seen to pass by the window她被看见从窗边经过。get (
13、got)过去分词也可构成被动语态get常同marry,beat,break,damage,tear,strike,hurt,paint,invite,repair,dress等动词的过去分词连用,构成被动语态。John and Jane got married last month上个月,约翰和简结婚了。They got caught in the storm他们碰上暴风雨了。1 (2018年安徽卷)Daniels family_their holiday in Huangshan this time next weekAare enjoying Bare to enjoyCwill enjo
14、y Dwill be enjoying【解析】 句意为丹尼尔一家人下个星期的这个时候肯定正在黄度假。根据this time next week判断,选用将进行时will be doing。【答案】 D2 (2018年辽宁卷)My parents have promised to e to see me before I_for AfricaAhave left BleaveCleft Dwill leave【解析】 句意为我父母已经答应在我去非洲之前看我。不定式to e to see me表示的是将动作,before引导的时间状语从句需用一般现在时。【答案】 B3(2018年上海卷 )Duri
15、ng the period of recent terrorist activities,people_not to touch any unattended bagAhad always been warnedBwere always being warnedCare always warningDalways warned【解析】 句意为在最近恐怖活动期间,人们总是在被警告不要碰任何无人照看的包。be always doing sth总是做某事,表达某种抱怨、不满或赞许的情绪。人们是“被警告”,要用被动语态。4(2018年东卷)The number of foreign students
16、attending Chinese universities_rising steadily since 1997Ais BareChas been Dhave been【解析】 句意为在中国上大学的外国留学生的数量自1997年以稳步上升。“the number ofn”作主语时,其谓语动词用单数形式;由since 1997可知句子的时态应用现在完成时。【答案】 C5 (2018年江苏卷)Ann is in hospitalOh,really?I_knowI_go and visit herAdidnt;am going to Bdont;wouldCdont;will Ddidnt;will
17、【解析】 句意为Ann在住院。哦,真的吗?我还不知道呢。我要去看望她。这里讲的I didnt know指的是在对方还没告知Ann在住院这事之前,我不知道,所以用一般过去时;第二个空用will指的是事先未经计划或安排的“意愿,打算”。6 (2018年江苏卷)Hi,Torry,can I use your puter for a while this afternoon?Sorry_AIts repaired BIt has been repairedCIts being repaired DIt had been repaired【解析】 句意为嗨,Torry,今天下午我能用一会儿你的电脑吗?真
18、抱歉,电脑正在修理。该句强调的是此时电脑正被维修,需用现在进行时的被动语态。7(2018年浙江卷)What do you think of the movie?Its fantasticThe only pity is that I_the beginning of itAmissed Bhad missedCmiss Dwould miss【解析】 句意为你觉得这部电影怎么样?太棒了。唯一可惜的是,我错过了开头部分。错过开头部分对于现在而言是发生在过去的事情,故选A。【答案】 A8 (2018年全国卷)His sister left home in 1998,and_sinceAhad no
19、t been heard of Bhas not been heard ofChad not heard of Dhas not heard of【解析】 句意为他妹妹在1998年离开家,从那以后就没了音讯。根据句意,指的是过去离开以后,到现在一直没音讯,故用现在完成时;hear of与his sister在本句中为被动关系,故用被动语态,所以选B。9 (2018年福建卷)According to the literary review,Shakespeare_his characters live through their language in his playsAwill make B
20、had madeCwas making Dmakes【解析】 句意为这篇学评论说,莎士比亚使他剧中的人物通过语言鲜活起。本句考查时态,当介绍一种理论时,常用一般现在时。 10(2018年辽宁卷)Excuse me,Marcia,a reporter from Vanity Fair_all dayCould you speak to her now?Aphones Bhas phonedChas been phoning Dphoned【解析】 句意为打扰了,Marcia,一名Vanity Fair的记者打了一整天的电话。你现在可以接她的电话吗?根据句意和时间状语all day可知,此句需用现
21、在完成进行时表示说话人的一种情感,如不满,抱怨,责备等。注意,现在完成时表示到目前为止动作可能已经结束,侧重对现在产生的影响或结果。1(2018届浙江嘉兴一中摸底测验)Do you knoif Terry will go camping this weekend?Terry?Never!She_tents and fresh air!Ahas hated BhatedCwill hate Dhates【解析】 结合题意可知此处应用一般现在时表示她的习惯,她讨厌帐篷和新鲜的空气。2(2018届安徽芜湖一中一模)Got your driving license?NoI_too busy to ha
22、ve enough practice,so I didnt take the driving test last weekAwas BamChave been Dhad been【解析】 考查时态。根据句中so I didnt take the driving test last week可知说话人过去一直很忙而没有进行足够的练习,以至于没有参加上周的驾照考试。发生在过去的动作“take”之前,因此应该用过去完成时。3(2018届成都玉林中学月考)He will have learned English for eight years by the time he_from the unive
23、rsity next yearAwill graduate Bwill have graduatedCgraduates Dis to graduateby the time引导的是时间状语从句,而本句的主句是将时,所以从句用一般现在时表示将。4(2018届甘肃天水一中段考)I_in London for many years,but Ive never regretted my final decision to move back to ChinaAlived Bhave livedChad lived Dwas living【解析】 “我在伦敦生活了很多年”只是对过去的一般叙述,过去的动
24、作并没有对现在造成影响,故用一般过去时。5(2018届苏州调研)Whats your opinion about my suggestion?Sorry,I_Would you please say it again?Ahadnt listened Bwouldnt listenCwasnt listening Ddidnt listen从本题的语境看,说话人刚才没有在听对方的建议,因此,使用过去进行时,表示“听”的动作刚才没有在发生。6(2018届合肥检测)Although many measures_,the worlds economy is still going downAwere
25、taken Bhave been takenCwill be taken Dare taken【解析】 考查动词的时态与语态。表示过去发生的动作对现在造成影响,所以用现在完成时;take与measures之间构成动宾关系,所以要用被动语态。7 (2018届福建检测)Since the beginning of the vacation,I_across the country,and my next stop is the Wuyi MountainsAhad traveled Bwill travelChave been traveling Dwas traveling【解析】 考查动词的时
26、态。该题的时间状语为since过去的时间点,结合后面的“my next stop is the Wuyi Mountains”可以看出这里应该用现在完成进行时,表示从过去开始的动作一直持续到现在,并可能持续下去。8(2018年东城检测)Right nothe government is trying to control the number of people who_by H1N1 fluAhave been affected Bhave affectedCare affected Daffect【解析】 考查动词的时态语态。句意为政府正在试图控制感染H1N1流感的人的数量。人们被感染流感
27、,用sbbe affected by sth结构,这里说的是现在的一般情况,故用一般现在时的被动语态。9(2018年长春第一次调研)I saLucy and her boyfriend in the park at nine yesterday eveningImpossibleShe_the Inter with me in my home thenAsurfed Bhad surfedCwould surf Dwas surfing根据对话内容可知,昨天晚上九点时Lucy正在和我一起上网,因此用过去进行时。10(2018年上海春招)The employees_that they should renetheir contracts within a weekAadvise Bhave advisedCare advised Dhad been advised【解析】 考查动词的语态。语意(司)建议员工在一周内续签合同。根据语意,The employees与advise为动宾关系,所以应该用被动结构,故选C项。11(2
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