商业银行管理BankManagmentFinancialServices7th第18章课后题答案汇编Word格式文档下载.docx

1、Chapter OutlineI. IntroductionII. Types of Loans Granted to Individuals and FamiliesA. Residential Mortgage LoansB. Nonresidential Loans1. Installment Loans2. Noninstallment LoansC. Credit Card Loans and Revolving CreditD. New Credit Card RegulationsE. Debit Cards: A Partial Substitute for Credit Ca

2、rds?1. Debit Cards2. Rapid Consumer Loan GrowthIll. Characteristics of Consumer LoansIV. Evaluating a Consumer Loan ApplicationA. Character and PurposeB. Income LevelsC. Deposit BalancesD. Employment and Residential StabilityE. Pyramiding of DebtF. How to Qualify for a Consumer LoanG. The Challenge

3、of Consumer LendingV. Example of a Consumer Loan ApplicationVI. Credit-Scoring Consumer Loan Applications A. The Theory of Credit Scoring B. An Example of Credit Scoring C. The FICO Credit Scoring SystemVII. Laws and Regulations Applying to Consumer LoansA. Customer Disclosure Requirements 1. Truth

4、in Lending Act 2. Fair Credit Reporting Act 3. Fair Credit Billing Act 4. Fair Credit and Charge-Card Disclosure Act 5. Fair Debt Collection Practices ActB. Outlawing Credit Discrimination 1. Equal Credit Opportunity Act 2. Community Reinvestments ActC. Predatory Lending and Subprime LoansVIII. Real

5、 Estate LoansA. Differences Between Real Estate Loans and Other LoansB. Factors in Evaluating Applications for Real Estate LoansC. Home Equity LendingIX. The Changing Environment for Consumer and Real Estate LendingX. Pricing Consumer and real Estate Loans: Determining the Rate of Interest and Other

6、 Loan TermsA. The Interest Rate Attached to Nonresidential Consumer Loans1. The Cost Plus Model2. Annual Percentage Rate3. Simple Interest4. The Discount Rate Method5. The Add-On Loan Rate Method6. Rule of 78s B. Interest Rates on Home Mortgage Loans1. Fixed Rated Mortgages2. Variable Rate Mortgages

7、3. Charging the Customer Mortgage PointsXI. Summary of the ChapterConcept Checks18-1. What are the principal differences among residential loans, nonresidential installment loans, noninstallment loans, and credit card or revolving loans?Residential loans are credit to finance the purchase of a home

8、or fund improvements on a private residence. Installment loans are paid off gradually over time whereas noninstallment loans are generally paid off in lump sum at the end of the loan. Installment loans usually finance large-ticket purchases, such as automobiles or household furniture, whereas nonins

9、tallment loans usually are directed at current living expenses. Installment loans help the bank recover funds that can be reloaned more quickly but they generally require a more intensive credit investigation by the bank. Bank credit cards offer convenience and a revolving line of credit that the cu

10、stomer can access whenever the need arises.18-2. Why do interest rates on consumer loans typically average higher than on most other kinds of loans?Interest rates on consumer loans are typically higher than on most other kinds of loans since they are among the most costly and most risky to make per

11、dollar of loanable funds. Consumer loans also tend to be cyclically sensitive. Moreover, consumers tend to be relatively unresponsive to changes in interest rates when they go out and borrow money.18-3. What features of a consumer loan application should a loan officer examine most carefully?A loan

12、officer should examine character and purpose, income levels, employment and residential stability, and pyramiding of debt when evaluating a consumer loan application.18-4. How do credit scoring systems work?Credit-scoring systems use statistical techniques （usually multiple discriminant analysis） to

13、 classify borrowers based on selected characteristics of each borrower as to whether they are likely or unlikely to repay the loan they have requested.18-5. What are the principal advantages to a lending institution of using a credit scoring system?The credit scoring method has the advantage of bein

14、g objective, requiring less loan officer judgment, possibly lowering loan losses, and lowering operating costs when a large volume of consumer loans is processed.18-6. Are there any significant disadvantages to a credit scoring system?Credit scoring systems do not take into account motivational fact

15、ors or individual differences and may become outdated unless frequently retested for statistical accuracy.18-7. In the credit-scoring system presented in the chapter, would a loan applicant who is a skilled worker, lives with a relative, has an average credit rating, has been in his or her present j

16、ob and at his or her current address for exactly one year, has four dependents and a telephone, and holds a checking account be likely to receive a loan? Please explain why.Given, the credit scoring model in the chapter, the skilled worker would have the following credit score:Skilled worker 8 point

17、s Lives with friend or relative 2 Average credit rating 5 One year in current job 2 One year in current residence 1 Telephone in home 2 Number of Dependents: More than three 2Bank Accounts Held: Checking Account only 2_ Total Score 24 pointsBecause this loan applicants criterion score is below 28 po

18、ints the loan request is likely to be denied.18-8. What is FICO and what does it do for lenders? Why is this credit scoring system so popular today?FICO is a credit scoring system developed by Fair Isaac Corporation. It is fast, objective and impartial and that makes it very useful for regulated fin

19、ancial institutions18-9. What laws exist today to give consumers fuller disclosure about the terms and risks of taking on credit?The following federal laws give consumers who are borrowing money fuller disclosure about the terms and risks of taking on credit:a. Truth-in-Lending Act c. Fair Credit Bi

20、lling Actb. Fair Credit Reporting Act d. Fair Debt Collection Practices ActThe Truth-in-Lending Act makes household borrowers better informed about the terms of credit so they can shop around. The Fair Credit Reporting Act gives individuals easier access to their credit-bureau records and the right

21、to challenge information contained therein and to insist on the prompt correction of errors. The Fair Credit Billing Act gives consumers the right to dispute billing errors and have those errors corrected. The Fair Debt Collection Practices Act limits how far a creditor or credit collection agency c

22、an go in pressing that customer to pay up.18-10. What legal protections are available today to protect borrowers against discrimination? Against predatory lending?The Equal Credit Opportunity Act outlaws discrimination in lending based on race, age, sex, religious preference, receipt of public assis

23、tance, and similar factors. The Community Reinvestment Act requires banks and other lending institutions to make an affirmative effort to serve all segments of their designated market areas without discriminating against certain neighborhoods.Predatory lending is an abusive practice among some lende

24、rs that consists of making loans to weak borrowers and then charging them excessive fees and interest rates, thereby increasing the risk of default. In 1994 Congress passed the Home Ownership and Equity Protection Act which was aimed to protect home owners from loan agreements they could not afford.

25、 Loans whose APR is 10 percentage points or more above the yield on comparable Treasury securities are defined as abusive and consumers have 6 days in which to decide whether to proceed with the loan. Credit granting institutions must fully disclose all fees and risks. If these are not disclosed, th

26、en the borrower has up to 3 years to rescind the transaction and lenders might be liable for all damages that occur.18-11. In your opinion, are any additional laws needed in these areas?This question does not have a right or wrong answer. Depending on ones point of view, more or less regulation in t

27、hese areas can be supported. Most, if not all, bankers and bank trade associations, as well as many of the regulatory agencies, tend to agree that there are already more than enough laws and regulations in these areas. Consumer groups and some elected officials would argue that consumers, particular

28、ly in certain economic groups or communities, need more legislation and/or regulation to protect their interests.18-12. In what ways is a real estate loan unique compared to other kinds of bank loans?Real estate loans are longer-term than most other loans and usually involve above-average amounts of

29、 funds at risk. Moreover, they depend more heavily on the value and maintenance of collateral than most other types of loans.18-13. What factors should a lender consider in evaluating real estate loan applications? Among the factors to be considered in evaluating a real estate loan applications are:1. What is the borrowers monthly income and monthly debt repayments? The bank must be assured there is adequate cushion to comfortably absorb the home loan repayments.2. Does the borrower have good prospects for continued employment? Because the loan is