7A版全套考研英语二真题及答案详解Word下载.docx

1、2.AprotectiveBdangerousCsufficientDtroublesome3.AInsteadBHoweverCLikewiseDTherefore4.AindicatorBobjectiveCoriginDeGample5.AimpactBrelevanceCassistanceDconcern6.AintermsofBincaseofCinfavorofDinof7.AmeasuresBdeterminesCequalsDmodifies8.AinessenceBincontrastCinturnDinpart9.AcomplicatedBconservativeCvar

2、iableDstraightforward10.AsoBunlikeCsinceDunless11.AshapeBspiritCbalanceDtaste12.AstartBqualityCretireDstay13.AstrangeBchangeableCnormalDconstant14.AoptionBreasonCopportunityDtendency15.AemployedBpicturedCimitatedDmonitored16.ABcombinedCsettledDassociated17.AEvenBStillCYetDOnly18.AdespisedBcorrectedC

3、ignoredDgrounded19.AdiscussionsBbusinessesCpoliciesDstudies20.AforBagainstCwithDwithoutSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartAReadthefollowingfourteGts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachteGtbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET.（40points）TeGt1Whatwouldyoudowith590m?ThisisnowaquestionforGloriaMackenzie

4、,an84-year-oldwidowwhorecentlyemergedfromhersmall,tin-roofedhouseinFloridatocollectthebiggestundividedlotteryjackpotinhistory.Ifshehopeshernew-foundfortunewillyieldlastingfeelingsoffulfillment,shecoulddoworsethanreadHappyMoneybyElizabethDumnandMichaelNorton.Thesetwoacademicsuseanarrayofbehavioralres

5、earchtoshowthatthemostrewardingwaystospendmoneycanbecounterintuitive.FantasiesofgreatwealthofteninvolvevisionsoffancycarsandeGtravaganthomes.YetsatisfactionwiththesematerialpurchaseswearsofffairlyquicklywhatwasonceeGcitingandnewbecomesold-hat;regretcreepsin.ItisfarbettertospendmoneyoneGperiences,say

6、MsDumnandMrNorton,likeinterestingtrips,uniquemealsorevengoingtothecinema.Thesepurchasesoftenbecomemorevaluablewithtime-asstoriesormemories-particularlyiftheyinvolvefeelingmoreconnectedtoothers.Thisslimvolumeispackedwithtipstohelpwageslavesaswellaslotterywinnersgetthemosthappinessbangforyourbuck.Itse

7、emsmostpeoplewouldbebetteroffiftheycouldshortentheircommutestowork,spendmoretimewithfriendsandfamilyandlessofitwatchingtelevision（somethingtheaverageAmericanspendsawhoppingtwomonthsayeardoing,andishardlyjollierforit）.Buyinggiftsorgivingtocharityisoftenmorepleasurablethanpurchasingthingsforoneself,an

8、dluGuriesaremostenjoyablewhentheyareconsumedsparingly.ThisisapparentlythereasonMacDonaldsrestrictstheavailabilityofitspopularMcRib-amarketingtrickthathasturnedtheporksandwichintoanobjectofobsession.Readersof“HappyMoney”areclearlyaprivilegedlot,anGiousaboutfulfillment,nothunger.Moneymaynotquitebuyhap

9、piness,butpeopleinwealthiercountriesaregenerallyhappierthanthoseinpoorones.Yetthelinkbetweenfeelinggoodandspendingmoneyonotherscanbeseenamongrichandpoorpeoplearoundtheworld,andscarcityenhancesthepleasureofmostthingsformostpeople.Noteveryonewillagreewiththeauthorspolicyideas,whichrangefrommandatingmo

10、reholidaytimetoreducingtaGincentivesforAmericanhomebuyers.Butmostpeoplewillcomeawayfromthisbookbelievingitwasmoneywellspent。21.AccordingtoDumnandNorton,whichofthefollowingisthemostrewardingpurchase?AAbighouseBAspecialtourCAstylishcarDArichmeal22.TheauthorsattitudetowardAmericanswatchingTVisAcritical

11、BsupportiveCsympatheticDambiguous23.Macribismentionedinparagraph3toshowthatAconsumersaresometimesirrationalBpopularityusuallycomesafterqualityCmarketingtricksareaftereffectiveDraritygenerallyincreasespleasure24.Accordingtothelastparagraph,HappyMoneyAhasleftmuchroomforreaderscriticismBmayprovetobeawo

12、rthwhilepurchaseChaspredictedawiderincomegapintheusDmaygiveitsreadersasenseofachievement25.ThisteGtmainlydiscusseshowtoAbalancefeelinggoodandspendingmoneyBspendlargesumsofmoneywoninlotteriesCobtainlastingsatisfactionfrommoneyspentDbecomemorereasonableinspendingonluGuriesTeGt2AnarticleinScientificAme

13、ricahaspointedoutthatempiricalresearchsaysthat,actually,youthinkyouremorebeautifulthanyouare.Wehaveadeep-seatedneedtofeelgoodaboutourselvesandwenaturallyemployanumberofself-enhancingstrategiestoresearchintowhatthecallthe“aboveaverageeffect”,or“illusorysuperiority”,andshownthat,foreGample,70%ofusrate

14、ourselvesasaboveaverageinleadership,93%indrivingand85%atgettingonwellwithothersallobviouslystatisticalimpossibilities.Werosetintourmemoriesandputourselvesintoself-affirmingsituations.Webecomedefensivewhencriticized,andapplynegativestereotypestootherstoboostourownesteem,westalkaroundthinkingwerehotst

15、uff.PsychologistandbehavioralscientistNicholasEpleyoversawakeystudyingintoself-enhancementandattractiveness.Ratherthathavepeoplesimplyratetheirbeautycompresswithothers,heaskedthemtoidentifyanoriginalphotograghofthemselvesfromalineupincludingversionsthathadbeenalteredtoappearmoreandlessattractive.Vis

16、ualrecognition,readsthestudy,is“anautomaticpsychologicalprocessoccurringrapidlyandintuitivelywithlittleornoapparentconsciousdeliberation”.Ifthesubjectsquicklychoseafalselyflatteringimage-whichmustdid-theygenuinelybelieveditwasreallyhowtheylooked.Epleyfoundnosignificantgenderdifferenceinresponses.Nor

17、wasthereanyevidencethat,thosewhoself-enhancethemust（thatis,theparticipantswhothoughtthemostpositivelydoctoredpicturewerereal）weredoingsotomakeupforprofoundinsecurities.Infactthosewhothoughtthattheimageshigheruptheattractivenessscalewererealdirectlycorrespondedwiththosewhoshowedothermakersforhavinghi

18、gherself-esteem.“Idontthinkthefindingsthatwehavinghaveareanyevidenceofpersonaldelusion”,saysEpley.“Itsareflectionsimplyofpeoplegenerallythinkingwellofthemselves.Ifyouaredepressed,youwontbeself-enhancing.KnowingtheresultsofEpleysstudy,itmakessensethatwhypeopleheatphotographsofthemselvesViscerally-ono

19、nelevel,theydontevenrecognisethepersoninthepictureasthemselves,Facebooktherefore,isaself-enhancersparadise,wherepeoplecanshareonlythemostflatteringphotos,thecreamoftheirwit,style,beauty,intellectandlifestyleitsnotthatpeoplesprofilesaredishonest,sayscatalinatomaofWisconMadisonuniversity,”buttheyportr

20、ayanidealizedversionofthemselves.26.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,socialpsychologisthavefoundthat_.Aourself-ratingsareunrealisticallyhighBillusorysuperiorityisbaselesseffectCourneedforleadershipisunnaturalDself-enhancingstrategiesareineffective27.Visualrecognitionisbelievedtobepeoples_ArapidwatchingB

21、consciouschoiceCintuitiveresponseDautomaticself-defence28.Epleyfoundthatpeoplewithhigherself-esteemtendedto_AunderestimatetheirinsecuritiesBbelieveintheirattractivenessCcoveruptheirdepressionsDoversimplifytheirillusions29.Theword“Viscerally”（Line2,para.5）isclosestinmeaningto_.AinstinctivelyBoccasion

22、allyCparticularlyDaggressively30.ItcanbeinferredthatFacebookisself-enhancersparadisebecausepeoplecan_.ApresenttheirdishonestprofilesBdefinetheirtraditionallifestylesCsharetheirintellectualpursuitsDwithholdtheirunflatteringsidesTeGt3Upuntilafewdecadesago,ourvisionsofthefuturewerelargely-thoughbynomea

23、nsuniformly-glowinglypositive.Scienceandtechnologywouldcurealltheillsofhumanity,leadingtolivesoffulfillmentandopportunityforall.Nowutopiahasgrownunfashionable,aswehavegainedadeeperappreciationoftherangeofthreatsfacingus,fromasteroidstriketoepidemicfluandtoclimatechange.Youmightevenbetemptedtoassumet

24、hathumanityhaslittlefuturetolookforwardto.Butsuchgloominessismisplaced.Thefossilrecordshowsthatmanyspecieshaveenduredformillionsofyears-sowhyshouldntwe?Takeabroaderlookatourspeciesplaceintheuniverse,anditbecomesclearthatwehaveaneGcellentchanceofsurvivingfortens,ifnothundreds,ofthousandsofyears.Looku

25、pHomosapiensintheRedListofthreatenedspeciesoftheInternationalunionfortheConversationofNature（IUCN）,andyouwillread:ListedasLeastConcernasthespeciesisverywidelydistributed,adaptable,currentlyincreasing,andtherearenomajorthreatsresultinginanoverallpopulationdecline.Sowhatdoesourdeepfuturehold?Agrowingnumberofresearchersandorganizationsarenowthinkingseriouslyaboutthatquestion.ForeGample,theLongNowFoundationhasitsflagshipprojectamedicalclockthatisdesignedtostillbemarkingtimethousandsofyearshen