刘老师英语知识点总结Word文件下载.docx

1、 What happened to you? 你怎么啦？A car accident happened to her this morning. 今天上午她发生了交通事故。9. how often 多久一次 用来对频度副词的提问，频度adv 如：always; often; usually; sometimes; hardly; seldom; one a week; twice a day; every day; every week（year.）. how long 多长时间，用来对for+一段时间，since+ 过去时间点或since从句提问。 how far 多远，用来对如twenty

2、 miles, five kilometers等距离提问。 how soon 过多久（才）。用来对如in + 一段时间提问。 how much “多少”，对不可数n量的提问；“多少钱”对价钱的提问。 how many “多少”。对可数n量的提问。 How often do you watch TV? Three times a week.How long have you studied English? Since 2006.How far is it from your home to school? About ten miles.How soon will your father co

3、me back? In 2 days.How much does it cost to fly from Beijing to Haikou one day?About 1,000 yuan.How many people are there in your family?10. come out 出版、发行、出来、花开The magazine comes out once a month. 这个杂志一个月出一期。11. for example 用于对前面的描述举例说明。 such as 意为：“像、这样的；诸如、之类的”引导同位语。Languages, such as English and

4、 French, are not difficult to learn. 语言，如英语、法语，并不难学。Ive visited many cities, for example, New York, Chicago and Boston.12. as well as 既、又、；不仅、而且、；除、之外（也）。用于肯定句中，起连接作用，重在强调其前面的人或物，连接两个主语，谓语动词与as well as前的主语保持一致。not only but also 不仅、而且、重在强调but also 之后的人或物。not only but also 连接主语时，谓语动词与后面的主语保持一致，即采用就近原则

5、。 Shes clever as well as beautiful. 她不但漂亮而且聪明。Shes not only beautiful but also clever.You as well as I are students. （谓语动词与as well as 前的主语保持一致）Not only you but also I am students. （谓语动词与but also 后的主语保持一致）.13. in ones free time. 在某人的空闲时间里。14. as a result of = because of 由于、的结果。 as a result= so 结果、因此

6、He was late for school as a result of the heavy rain. 因为雨大所以他上学迟到了。15. spend/pay/cost/take的区别: （1） spend spent spent 人作主语，常用于“人+ spend+ some time/money+ on+ sth” 或是“人+ spend + some time + （in）doing sth”结构中。 I spent 30 yuan on the book.He spends an hour on his homework every day.My brother spends two

7、 hours（in） playing the piano. （2） pay paid paid 人作主语，用于某人为某物付款，它的句型是：“人+ pay+ some money+ for sth”相当于“人+ spend+ some money+ on+ sth” I paid 30 yuan for the book. = I spent 30 yuan n the book. （3）cost cost cost 物作主语，常用于sth+ cost+ sb + some+ money. 某物花某人一些钱。 It + cost sb+ some money + to do sth. The b

8、ook cost me 30 yuan. 这本书花了我30元钱。= I spent 30 yuan on the book. 我花下30元钱买下这本书。= I paid 30 yuan for the book. 买下这本书我付了30元钱。 （4） take took taken 一般指花费时间，常用于“It takes sb some time to do sth ”相当于“人+ spend + some time+ in doing sth”. It takes my brother 2 hours to play the piano.= My brother spends two hou

9、rs in playing the piano.16. many other + 可数n（pl） 意为“许多其它的” any other + 可数n（单） 用于肯定句，表示“任何一个” any other + 可数n（复） 用于否定句和疑问问，表示“其他的、” I have seen many other animals. 我见过许多其他的动物。He is taller than any other boy in his class. 他比班上任何一个男孩都高。Do you have any other questions? 你还有其他的问题吗？17. look after= take car

10、e of 照顾 18. in life 一生中19. We shouldnt spend all our time on our favorite hobby. 我们不应该把我们所有的时间花在我们最喜欢的爱好上。20. I often listen to him play the piano. 我经常听他弹钢琴。注：listen to 的用法，listen to sb do sth 后面跟不带to 的不定式作宾语补足语。表示“听某人做某事”，强调动作已完成。类似用法还有这些动词如：see/hear/watch/notice/look at 接 sb do sth 21. success （n

11、成功） successful（adj 成功的） successfully（adv 成功地）succeed （v 成功） succeed in doing sth 成功地做某事。Module 21、重点语法：宾语从句（1） I bought a book yesterday （用一个单词充当宾语）（2） I want to go to the cinema. （用不定式充当宾语）（3） I hope that he will come back tomorrow. （用一个句子充当宾语）概念：在一个复合句中，由一个句子充当宾语，则这个句子叫做宾语从句。学习宾语从句注意三个问题：（一）宾语从句的引

12、导词，（二）宾语从句的语序（三）宾语从句的时态。I、宾语从句的引导词分为三类：A、引导陈述句用that B、引导一般疑问句用if或whether. （注意）下列几种情况常使用whether而不用if. （A） 与or not 连用时用whether, 构成whether or not. （B）在介词之后用whether （C）在不定式前用whether.C、引导特殊疑问句，只需用原来的特殊疑问词。如: what, what time, who, why, when, where, how, how many + n（pl）, how old, how often, how long, how

13、soon, how far 等。II、宾语从句的语序。在宾语从句的复合句中，不管主句是陈述句还是疑问从句一律使用陈述语序，即用“主句 +连接词（引导词）+主语+谓语+宾语+其他”III、宾语从句的时态。A、如果主句的谓语动词是一般现在时或一般将来时，宾语从句的时态可视情况使用任何一种相关的时态。 I dont know if it will snow （snow） tomorrow.B、如果主句的谓语动词是过去时态，从句必须用过去相应的某一种时态。一般现在时 一般过去时，现在进行时 过去进行时，一般将来时（will +V原） 过去将来时（would +V原），现在完成时（have, has +

14、V过去分词） 过去完成时（had +V过去分词） I asked him A. which one did he like best B. which one he likes best C. which one he liked best D. which one does he like bestC、如果宾语从句表示的是客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象、客观性动作等，不管主句是什么时态，从句时态习惯上用一般现在时。 Light travels faster than sound. My teacher told us.My teacher told us that light travels

15、faster than sound.D、如果主句的谓语动词是情态动词could/would you tell me /us 时，或would like用于请求，表示委婉、客气的语气时，从句时态不受主句的约束。 1. “Where does she live?” Could you tell me?Could you tell me where she lives?2. Could you tell me ? A. how did Mary come here B. where Mary lives C. when Mary would be back.分析：此题主句中的could不视为can的

16、过去式，而表示委婉的语气，从句时态不受主句的约束，A项语序不正确。C项根据实际情况该用一般将来时。答案为B练习题：（1）Wed like to know or not.A. whether will the sports meeting come B. if will the sports meeting come C. whether the sports meeting will come D. if the sports meeting will come （2） Who knocked at the door so loudly? I dont know.I dont know at

17、the door so loudly.（3） “Have you finished your home work yet?” Mr Zhao asked Lucy.Mr Zhao asked Lucy her homework yet.二、重点电话用语：1. Could I speak to sb, please? 请问，我可以跟某某通电话吗？2. -Whos calling, please? 请问，你是谁？- Its Sally. 我是Sally。3. This is 、speaking. 我是、，请讲。4. Is that 、speaking? 你是某某吗？5. May I help yo

18、u? 我可以帮助你吗？6. Thats very kind of you. 你真是太好了！7. Hold the line, please.= Hold on, please? 请稍等一下。8. Sorry, he isnt here right now. 很抱歉，他现在不在这儿。9. Sorry, Im afraid you have the wrong number. 很抱歉，恐怕你打错了电话。10.-Can I take a message? 我可以捎个口信吗？take a message 捎口信， leave a message留口信No, thanks. Ill call back

19、later. 不，谢谢，过会儿再打过来。11. Thats OK./ It doesnt matter 没关系。三、重点词组及句型1. person （人 n. ）-personal （adj. 个人的 ）I am going to ask you some personal questions.2. in fact 事实上3.right now = at the moment 现在，目前，此刻 just now 刚才，用于一般过去时，just 刚刚， 用于现在完成时。4.a couple of 一些，几个 eg: Ill just have a couple of mooncakes.我就吃

20、几个月饼吧。5.“in + 一段时间”， 常用一般将来时，表示“一段时间之后”，对它提问用how soon They will come back in a couple of weeks.How soon will they come back?他们几个星期之后回来。6. What does it feel like? （中国让你） 感觉如何？Its a very exciting place. 它是一个令人兴奋的地方。注意： What does it feel like? 用来询问对方对某件事物的看法, What does it feel like to be at school in A

21、merica? 在美国上学让你感觉如何？另外： What do you think of China?= How do you like China?=What does China feel like? 也可以用来询问他人对某事物的看法。7.Good luck! 是祝愿用语。意为“祝走运，祝顺利” 后跟人时， 要用介词to, 后跟物时，要用with., Good luck to you ! 祝你好运！ Good luck with the concert! 祝音乐会顺利。luck （ n. 运气 ） lucky （adj.幸运的） luckily（adv.幸运地） unlucky（adj.不

22、幸运的） unluckily（adv.不幸运地） Luckily, he caught the early bus.幸运的是，他赶上了早班车。8. Why dont you bring all your friends for a visit to Radio Beiing? -OK 你为什么不把你所有的朋友带来参观北京电台？Why dont you /we+ 动词原形、？ = Why not + 动词原形 、？为什么不做某事？它表示提建议。9. maybe 用于句首，意为“也许、大概”，相当于perhaps may +（ 动词原形） / be 用于句中，may意为“可能”Maybe he i

23、s at home.（也许他在家里）= He may be at home.（他可能在家里）Maybe he knows it = He may know it. 也许他知道这件事。10. （1）sometime 指“（过去或将来）某个时间” 用于一般过去时或一般将来时。（2） some time 指“一段时间”（3） sometimes 指“有时、偶尔”，相当于 at times.（4.） some times “几次”， 相当于 a few times 或 several times 常用于现在完成时中。如： I have been to the Great Wall some times

24、.11. whether or not 是否12. by the way 顺便问一下，顺便说the way to、去某地的路in this way 用这种方式on ones way to + 地点名词 去某地的路上 +地点副词（如：home, there, here, abroad）in a way 在某种程度上on the way 在途中13. wait for sb/sth Are you waiting for me/the bus?wait for sb to do sth 等某人做某事 Sally is waiting for Chenhuan to arrive14. I have

25、 heard that you like English. 我听说你喜欢英语。Ive got to know that English is really useful. 我逐渐认识到英语很有用。15. feel like 感觉；想要。其中like为介词，后接n或v-ing. The children feel like eating （ eat ） ice cream.16. far away 遥远的 eg: My old school was far away. be far from 离、远 My home is far from the school.17. alone/lonely

26、区别：alone 指一个人处境“孤单”，通常不带感情色彩；lonely强调内心的“孤单”，带有一定的感情色彩，alone 既可作adj, 也可作adv. lonely为adj. Eg: He is alone but he doesnt feel lonely.My grandmother lives alone. 我的奶奶独自一个人住。There is a lonely village there. 那里有一个孤寂的村庄。18. be afraid to do sth 害怕做某事 Im afraid to go out at night.= Im afraid of going out at

27、 night be afraid of sth 害怕、 I am afraid of dogs. be afraid + 从句 恐怕、 Im afraid that I cant go with you.19. make friends with sb 和某人交朋友 be friendly to sb=be kind to 对某人友好20. hear sb doing sth 听见某人正在做某事 hear sb do sth （经常）听到某人做某事，或听见某人做某事全过程, 强调动作已完成。 - Do you often hear John （sing） in his room? - Yes, Listen! Now we can hear him （sing ） in his room.练习：I heard the baby _ a few minutes ago.A. to cry B. crying C.cried D.was crying 21. worry about = be worried about. worry about表动作 be worried about表状态 worry vt. 使某人担心， 常用worry sb. You dont have to worry about me. 你不必为我担心。She