英语四级仔细阅读真题总三套题及答案Word格式文档下载.docx

1、s not surprising that even the best educatedyoung womenenter the workplace with a slight disadvantage. Their college experience leaves them somewhat confused, still stumbling （栽倒）over the dilemmas their grandmothers generation sought to destroy. Are they supposed to be pretty or smart? Strong or sex

2、y （性感的）All their lives, todays young women have been pushed to embrace both perfection and passion-to pursue science and sports, math and theater-and do it all as well as they possibly can. Nowonder they are not negotiating for higher salaries as soon as they get out of school. They are too exhauste

3、d, and too scared of failing.56.Traditionally, it is believed that womenearn less than men because.A）they have failed to take as many rigorous coursesB）they do not feel as fit for management rolesC）they feel obliged to take care of their kids at homeD）they do not exhibit the needed leadership qualit

4、ies57.What does the author say about Americas higher education system?A）It does not offer specific career counseling to women.B）It does not consider its economic impact on graduates.C）It does not take care of women students special needs.D）It does not encourage women to take rigorous subjects.58.Wha

5、t does the author say about todays college experience?A）It is different for male and female students.B）It is not the same as that of earlier generations.C）It is more exhausting than most women expect.D）It is not so satisfying to many American students.59.What does the author say about women students

6、 in college?A）They have no idea how to bring out their best.B）They drop a course when they find it too rigorous.C）They are not as practical as men in choosing courses.D）They dont perform as well as they did in high school.60.Howdoes the author explain the pay gap between menand women fresh from coll

7、ege?A）Women are too worn out to be ambitious.B）Women are not ready to take management roles.C）Women are caught between career and family.D）Women are not good at negotiating salaries.Passage TwoQuestions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.Heading leadership literature, youd sometimes think t

8、hat everyone has the potential to be an effective leader.I dont believe that to be true. In fact, I see way fewer truly effective leaders than I see people stuck in positions of leadership who are sadly incompetent and seriously misguided about their own abilities.Part of the reason this happens is

9、a lack of honest self-assessment by those who aspire to （ 追求）leadership in the first place.Weve all met the type of individual who simply must take charge.Whether its a decision-making session, a basketball game, or a family outing, they cant help grabbing the lead dog position and clinging on to it

10、 for dear life. They believe theyre natural born leaders.Truth is, theyre nothing of the sort. True leaders dont assume that its their divine （ 神圣的）right, to take charge every time two or more people get together. Quite the opposite. A great leader will assess each situation on its merits, and will

11、only take charge when their position, the situation, and/or the needs of the moment demand it.Many business executives confuse leadership with action. They believe that constant motion somehow generates leadership as a byproduct. Faced with any situation that cant be solved by the sheer force of act

12、ivity, they generate a dust cloud of impatience.Their one leadership tool is volume: if they think you arent working as hard as they think you should, their demands become increasingly louder and harsher.True leaders understand the value of action, of course, but it isnt their only tool. In fact, it

13、 isnt even their primary tool.Great leaders see more than everyone else: answers, solutions, patterns, problems, opportunities. They know its vitally important to do, but they also know that thinking, understanding, reflection and interpretation are equally important.If youre too concerned with outc

14、omes to the extent that you manipulate and intimidate others to achieve those outcomes, then you arent leading at all, youre dictating. A true leader is someone who develops his or her team so that they can and do hit their targets and achieve their goals.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡 2上作答。61.What does the author t

15、hink of the leaders he knows?A）Many of them are used to taking charge.B）Few of them are equal to their positions.C）Many of them fail to fully develop their potential.D）Few of them are familiar with leadership literature.62.Why are some people eager to grab leadership positions?A）They believe they ha

16、ve the natural gift to lead.B）They believe in what leadership literature says.C）They have proved competent in many situations.D）They derive great satisfaction from being leaders.63.What characterizes a great leader according to the author?A）Being able to take prompt action when chances present thems

17、elves.B）Having a whole-hearted dedication to their divine responsibilities.C）Having a full understanding of their own merits and weaknesses.D）Being able to assess the situation carefully before taking charge.64.Howwill manybusiness executives respond whentheir command fails to generate action?A）They

18、 reassess the situation at hand.B）They become impatient and rude.C）They resort to any tool available.D）They blame their team members.65.What is the authors advice to leaders?A）Concentrate on one specific task at a time.B）Use different tools to achieve different, goals.C）Build up a strong team to ach

19、ieve their goals.D）Show determination when faced with tough tasks.第三套Hospitals, hoping to curb medical error, have invested heavily to put computers, smartphones and other devices into the hands ofmedical staff for instant access to patient data, drug information and case studies.But like many cures

20、, this solution has come with an unintended side effect; doctors and nurses can be focused on the screen and not the patient, even during moments of critical care. A poll showed that half of medical technicians had admitted texting during a procedure.This phenomenon has set off an intensifying discu

21、ssion athospitals and medical schools about a problem perhaps best described as distracted doctoring. In response, some hospitals have begun limiting the use of electronic devices in critical settings, while schools have started reminding medical students to focus on patients instead of devices.You

22、justify carrying devices around the hospital to do medical records, but you can surf the Internet or do Facebook, and sometimes Facebook is more tempting, said Dr. Peter Papadakos at the University of Rochester Medical Center.My gut feeling （本能的感觉）is lives are in danger, said Dr.Papadakos. re not ed

23、ucating people about the problem, and its getting worse.A survey of 439 medical technicians found that 55 percent of technicians who monitor bypass machines acknowledged that they had talked on cellphones during heart surgery. Half said they had texted while in surgery. The study concluded, Such dis

24、tractions have the potential to be disastrous.Medical professionals have always faced interruptions from cellphones, and multitasking is simply a fact of life for many medical jobs. What has changed, say doctors, especially younger ones, is that they face increasing pressure to interact with their d

25、evices.The pressure stems from a mantra（ 信条）of modem medicine that patient care must be data driven, and informed by the latest, instantly accessible information. By many accounts, the technology has helped reduce medical error by providing instant access to patient data or prescription details.Dr.

26、Peter Carmel, president of the American Medical Association, said technology offers great potential in health care, but he added that doctors first priority should be with the patient.此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答56.Why do hospitals equip their staff with computers, smartphones and other devices?57.A） To reduce me

27、dical error.58.B） To cope with emergencies.59.C） To facilitate administration.60.D） To simplify medical procedures.57. What does the author refer to by distracted doctoring ?A）The disservice done by modemdevices to doctors, nurses, as well as patients.B）The tendency of medical institutions encouraging the use of modem devices.C）The problem of devices preventing doctors from focusing on their patients.D