法律英语常用词汇大全民事法律Word格式文档下载.docx

1、命令性规范 commanding norm 民法基本原则 fundamental principles of civil law 平等原则 principle of equality 自愿原则 principle of free will 公平原则 principle of justice 等价有偿原则 principle of equal value exchange 诚实信用原则 principle of good faith 行为 act 作为 act 不作为 omission 合法行为 lawful act 违法行为 unlawful act 民事权利权利能力 civil right

2、绝对权 absolute right 相对权 relative right 优先权 right of priority 先买权 preemption 原权 antecedent right 救济权 right of relief 支配权 right of dominion 请求权 right of claim 物上请求权 right of claim for real thing 形成权 right of formation 撤销权 right of claiming cancellation 否认权 right of claiming cancellation 解除权 right of re

3、nouncement 代位权 subrogated right 选择权 right of choice 承认权 right of admission 终止权 right of termination 抗辩权 right of defense 一时性抗辩权 momentary right of defense 永久性抗辩权 permanent counter-argument right 不安抗辩权 unstable counter-argument right 同时履行抗辩权 defense right of simultaneous performance 既得权 tested right

4、期待权 expectant right 专属权 exclusive right 非专属权 non-exclusive right 人身权利 personal right 人权 human right 人格权 right of personality 生命健康权 right of life and health 姓名权 right of name 名称权 right of name 肖像权 right of portraiture 自由权 right of freedom 名誉权 right reputation 隐私权 right of privacy 私生活秘密权 right of priv

5、acy 贞操权 virginity right 身份权 right of status 亲权 parental power; parental right 亲属权 right of relative 探视权 visitation right 配偶权 right of spouse 荣誉权 right of honor 权利的保护 protection of right 公力救济 public protection 私力救济 self-protection 权利本位 standard of right 社会本位 standard of society 无责任行为 irresponsible ri

6、ght 正当防卫 justifiable right; ligitimate defence 防卫行为 act of defence 自为行为 self-conducting act 紧急避险 act of rescue; necessity 自助行为 act of self-help 不可抗力 force majeure 意外事件 accident 行为能力 capacity for act 意思能力 capacity of will 民事行为 civil act 意思表示 declaration of intention 意思表示一致 meeting of minds; consensus

7、 完全行为能力 perfect capacity for act 限制行为能力 restrictive capacity for act 准禁治产人 quasi-interdicted person 保佐 protection 自治产人 minor who is capable of administering his own capacity 无行为能力 incapacity for act 禁治产人 interdicted person 自然人 natural person 公民 citizen 住所 domicile 居所 residence 经常居住地 frequently dwell

8、ing place 户籍 census register 监护 guardianship 个体工商户 individual business 农村承包经营户 leaseholding rural household 合伙 partnership 合伙人 partner 合伙协议 partnership agreement 合伙财产 property of partnership 合伙债务 debt of partnership 入伙 join partnership 退伙 withdrawal from partnership 合伙企业 partnership business establi

9、shment 个人合伙 partnership 法人合伙 partnership of legal person 特别合伙 special partnership 普通合伙 general partnership 有限合伙 limited partnership 民事合伙 civil partnership 隐名合伙 sleeping partnership; dormant partnership 私营企业 private enterprise; proprietorship 法人 legal person 企业法人 legal body of enterprise 企业集团 group o

10、f enterprise 关联企业 affiliate enterprise 个人独资企业 individual business establishment 国有独资企业 solely state-owned enterprise 中外合资企业 Sino-foreign joint venture enterprise 中外合作企业 Sino-foreign contractual enterprise 社团法人 legal body of mass organization 财团法人 legal body of financial group 联营 joint venture 法人型联营

11、association of legal persons 合伙型联营 coordinated management in partnership 协作型联营 cooperation-type coordinated management 合作社 cooperative 民事法律行为 civil legal act 单方民事法律行为 unilateral civil legal act 双方民事法律行为 bilateral civil legal act 多方民事法律行为 joint act civil legal act 有偿民事法律行为 civil legal act with consid

12、eration 无偿民事法律行为 civil legal act without consideration; civil legal act without award 实践性民事法律行为 practical civil legal act 诺成性民事法律行为 consental civil legal act 要式民事法律行为 formal civil legal act 不要式民事法律行为 informal civil legal act 要因民事法律行为 causative civil legal act 不要因民事法律行为 noncausative civil legal act 主

13、民事法律行为 principal civil legal act 从民事法律行为 accessory civil legal act 附条件民事法律行为 conditional civil legal act 附期限民事法律行为 civil legal act with term 生前民事法律行为 civil legal act before death 死后民事法律行为 civil legal act after death 准民事法律行为 quasi-civil legal act 无效行为 ineffective act 可撤销民事行为 revocable civil act 违法行为

14、illegal act; unlawful act 侵权行为 tort 欺诈 fraud 胁迫 duress 乘人之危 taking advantage of others precarious position 以合法形式掩盖非法目的 legal form concealing illegal intention 恶意串通 malicious collaboration 重大误解 gross misunderstanding 显失公平 obvious unjust 误传 misrepresentation 代理 agency 本人 principal 被代理人 principal 受托人 t

15、rustee 代理人 agent 本代理人 original agent 法定代理人 statutory agent; legal agent 委托代理人 agent by mandate 指定代理人 designated agent 复代理人 subagent 再代理人 subagent 转代理人 subagent 代理权 right of agency 授权行为 act of authorization 授权委托书 power of attorney 代理行为 act of agency 委托代理 agency by mandate 本代理 original agency 复代理 suba

16、gency 次代理 subagency 有权代理 authorized agency 表见代理 agency by estoppel; apparent agency 律师代理 agency by lawyer 普通代理 general agency 全权代理 general agency 全权代理委托书 general power of attorney 共同代理 joint agency 独家代理 sole agency 居间 brokerage 居间人 broker 行纪 commission; broker house 信托 trust 时效 time limit; prescript

17、ion; limitation 时效中止 suspension of prescription/limitation 时效中断 interruption of limitation/prescription 时效延长 extension of limitation 取得时效 acquisitive prescription 时效终止 lapse of time; termination of prescription 期日 date 期间 term 涉外民事关系 civil relations with foreign elements 冲突规范 rule of conflict 准据法 ap

18、plicable law; governing law 反致 renvoi; remission 转致 transmission 识别 identification 公共秩序保留 reserve of public order 法律规避 evasion of law 国籍 nationality 国有化 nationalization 法律责任 legal liability 民事责任 civil liability/responsibility 行政责任 administrative liability/responsibility 刑事责任 criminal liability/respo

19、nsibility 违约责任 liability of breach of contract; responsibility of default 有限责任 limited liability 无限责任 unlimited liability 按份责任 shared/several liability 连带责任 joint and several liability 过失责任 liability for negligence; negligent liability 过错责任 fault liability; liability for fault 单独过错 sole fault 共同过错 j

20、oint fault 混合过错 mixed fault 被害人过错 victims fault 第三人过错 third partys fault 推定过错 presumptive fault 恶意 bad faith; malice 故意 deliberate intention; intention; willfulness 过失 negligence 重大过失 gross negligence 疏忽大意的过失 careless and inadvertent negligence 过于自信的过失 negligence with undue assumption 损害事实 facts of

21、damage 有形损失 tangible damage/loss 无形损失 intangible damage/loss 财产损失 property damage/loss 人身损失 personal damage/loss 精神损失 spiritual damage/loss 民事责任承担方式 methods of bearing civil liability 停止侵害 cease the infringing act 排除妨碍 exclusion of hindrance; removal of obstacle 消除危险 elimination of danger 返还财产 resti

22、tution of property 恢复原状 restitution; restitution of original state 赔偿损失 compensate for a loss; indemnify for a loss 支付违约金 payment of liquidated damage 消除影响 eliminate ill effects 恢复名誉 rehabilitate ones reputation 赔礼道歉 extend a formal apology 物权 jus ad rem; right in rem; real right 物权制度 real right sys

23、tem; right in rem system 一物一权原则 the principal of One thing, One Right 物权法定主义 principal of legality of right in rem 物权公示原则 principal of public summons of right in rem 物权法 jus rerem 物 property 生产资料 raw material for production 生活资料 means of livelihood; means of subsistence 流通物 res in commercium; a thin

24、g in commerce 限制流通物 limited merchantable thing 禁止流通物 res extra commercium; a thing out of commerce 资产 asset 固定资产 fixed asset 流动资产 current asset; floating asset 动产 movables; chattel 不动产 immovable; real estate 特定物 res certae; a certain thing 种类物 genus; indefinite thing 可分物 res divisibiles; divisible t

25、hings 不可分物 res indivisibiles; indivisible things 主物 res capitalis; a principal thing 从物 res accessoria; an accessory thing 原物 original thing 孳息 fruits 天然孳息 natural fruits 法定孳息 legal fruits 无主物 bona vacatia; vacant goods; ownerless goods 遗失物 lost property 漂流物 drifting object 埋藏物 fortuna; hidden prope

26、rty 货币 currency 证券 securities 债券 bond 物权分类 classification of right in rem/real right 自物权 jus in re propria; right of full ownership 所有权 dominium; ownership; title 所有权凭证 document of title; title of ownership 占有权 dominium utile; equitable ownership 使用权 right of use; right to use of 收益权 right to earnin

27、gs; right to yields 处分权 right of disposing; jus dispodendi 善意占有 possession in good faith 恶意占有 malicious possession 按份共有 several possession 共同共有 joint possession 他物权 jus in re aliena 用益物权 real right for usufruct 使用权 right to use; right of use 土地使用权 right to the use of land 林权 forest ownership 采矿权 min

28、ing ownership 经营权 managerial authority; power of management 承包经营权 right to contracted management 相邻权 neighboring right; relatedright 地上权 superficies 永佃权 jus emphyteuticum; right to landed estate granted in perpetuity through a contract 地役权 servitude; easement 人役权 servitus personarum; personal servitude 担保物权 real right for security 物的担保 security for thing 物的瑕疵担保 warranty against defect of a thing 抵押权 hypotheca; hypothecation; right to mortgage 抵押权的设定 c