倒三躺还是正三躺翻译文章Word下载.docx

1、 Kettweisel DeltaBy contrast the Kettweisel by Hase is probably the best known delta trike design. This is a fast, light trike, renowned for its handling.相对于倒三躺， 这款由汉斯设计的“Kettweisel”是著名的正三躺。 它以快速， 轻便， 和易于携带著称。Assessing Dynamic Behavior动态性能评估So from what we learned about the dynamic handing character

2、istics of trikes on the Why Does Tilting Matter? page - How do these trikes stack up?我们从文章为何侧倾中知道了评估三躺的动态特性的参数选择。 那么， 如何来评估呢？In this section I am not attempting to endorse or recommend one trike manufacturers product over anothers, I am simply using these proven designs to illustrate how one might g

3、o about assessing the strengths and weaknesses of any trike design. And more to the point, how to assess which characteristics are best suited to your requirements, and on that basis, whether they should be considered for your own designs. This discussion is general and representational. As such it

4、should not be considered definitive. From here on the trike configurations will simply be referred to as the delta and the tadpole.在本节中，我不是认可或推荐一个制造商比另一个强，我只是简单地借助插图的帮助来验证这些不同的设计，来说明如何去评估任何一款三轮车设计的优点或是弱点。更多的倾向于，如何评估哪些特点适合您的要求，并在此基础上，看看这些特点是否可以被用于你自己的设计上。这次讨论是一般性和代表性。因此，它不应该被认为是最终的结论。从这里的三轮车只会被称为“正三躺

5、”和“倒三躺”。Braking刹车Delta riders CoG正三躺的重心The delta riders CoG is unusually high for a trike, but it is located behind the forward tipping axis so would be stable under a 1g braking force. Conversely, riding up an unusually steep grade the trike could easily lift the front wheel if enough force was app

6、lied to the pedals in a low gear. However as trade-offs go, this is unlikely to ever be a problem in real world riding conditions, so the rearward CoG is a good idea.正三躺车手的重心要比车身高很多，但它位于前倾侧翻轴之后，因此在一个“G”的刹车惯性力下是稳定的。 与此情况相对的是， 如果正三躺骑了一个不寻常的陡坡，而此时骑手又用很大的力量蹬踏板， 而且又在高速档， 则前轮将很容易离地。但作为权衡的结果，这种情况在在现实骑条件中很难

7、遇到，所以，重心后置也不失是一个好主意。Tadpole rider倒三躺的重心位置The tadpole riders CoG is lower, but located ahead of the forward tipping axis so it would tip forward under a 1g braking force. With modern caliper brakes, this would have a tendency to lift the rear wheel. On a downward slope the tipping threshold would be

8、even less, exacerbating the problem.倒三躺车手重心位置较低，但在一个“G”的制动惯性力的作用下会导致向前倾翻。在现在的刹车钳的制动下， 后轮会倾向于离开地面。如果遇到一个向下的斜坡，就会更加剧这种问题的发生。Why not position the front wheels further forward? Well there are some issues with doing this including: the cross member getting in the way of the cyclists calves, and the seat

9、becoming more difficult to stand up out of, because the riders feet are too far forward. Changing the backrest angle to 30 or less will help move the rider CoG further back. 为什么不设计为前轮位置再向前？这会有一些问题：三躺的横梁会碰到骑手的小腿，座椅变得更难以使人从中站起来，因为车手的脚太靠前了。改变靠背角度为30度或是更小，将有助于重心的后移。However having the CoG slightly forwar

10、d changes the weight distribution to favor understeer, which is a good thing. It also means the CoG can be raised slightly, making the seat height more practical.然而，重心的微微前移对重量分布的改变却有助于转向不足，这是一件好事。这也意味着重心可以稍微提高，达到更为实用的座椅高度。Turning.转向Delta turning vectors正三躺转向矢量分析Under turning forces the delta riders

11、CoG is well placed. Likewise under combined turning and braking forces the CoG is also well places, however as we will see in this implementation the CoG is too high. The long wheel base of the delta also decreases the twitch of the steering, improving high speed steering control and precision.在转向力的

12、作用下， 正三躺的骑手的重心位于合理位置。同样的，在转向和刹车力的共同作用下，重心也位于合理的位置，但是正如我们将看到的， 重心太高了（位置对， 但高度太高了，会侧倾）。长轴距正三躺也降低了转向灵敏度，为的是改善高速转向控制和转向精确。Delta turning simulation正三躺转向模拟Despite the rearward CoG placement, the delta trike will roll over under simulation （download the Juice file here）. Obviously the rider experiencing th

13、e inertial feedback and with quicker reflexes could make a course correction better than I can under the simulation. Still, one must lower the CoG to make the simulation more stable. Find out about running Juice simulations here.在模拟中，尽管正三躺向后调整了重心位置，但在模拟环境下还是会翻车（下载这里看模拟文件，）。显然，车手遇到这种情况时的习惯性反馈可能更快，可能会

14、好于我的模拟实验。尽管如此，必须降低重心高度，使车设计的更加稳定。The rearward weight distribution also favors oversteer, meaning the trike would tend so spin out as a result of loosing traction on loose gravel.向后的重量分配也有利于转向过度，这意味着正三躺，在松散的砾石路面上有时会因失去牵引力而打转儿。Tadpole turning vectors倒三躺的转弯矢量分析Under turning forces the tadpole riders Co

15、G is well placed, and combined with the low seat, more stable than the delta. However under combined turning and braking forces there is still the possibility of tipping forward.在转向力的作用下， 倒三躺的重心位置是合理的， 同时由于座位位置较低， 会比正三躺更为稳定。然而，在转向力和刹车力的共同作用下，仍然有前倾的可能性。Tadpole braking simulation倒三躺刹车模拟Despite the for

16、ward CoG placement, it still takes some effort to get the tadpole to tip forward under simulation （download the Juice file here）. Find out about running Juice simulations here.尽管把重心位置往前移动了一些，但仍需要一些努力，以得到倒三躺的前倾翻的资料。KMX KartThe KMX trike pictured above resolves the tadpole brake force issue by having

17、smaller front wheels, there by lowering the rider CoG inside the forward tipping axis. Nevertheless, as this image clearly shows, with a more upright backrest angle it is definitely possible tip the trike and get it up on two wheels.KMX三轮车，上图中通过采用较小的前轮来解决在刹车力作用下前倾翻的问题，因为小前轮可以降低骑手重心高度使之位于前倾轴之后。 然而，此图

18、像清楚地表明，更直立的靠背角度是绝对有可能使三轮车以两个轮子着地的姿态立起来的。FWD前轮驱动For a front wheel drive （FWD） delta trike to have adequate traction, more weight needs to be distributed to the front wheel than the rear. Ratios of 60:40 or higher are reccomended.为使前轮驱动的正三躺有足够的牵引力。 更多的重量需要分配在前轮， 而不是后轮。 比率是60:40 或是更多。FWD delta turning

19、vectors前轮驱动正三躺转向矢量分析This weight distribution has significant implications for turning stability as this illustration clearly shows. For this reason, I would strongly advise against designing a FWD delta unless it has some capacity to tilt.这个图例清楚地表明，重量分布对转向稳定产生重大影响。出于这个原因，我会强烈建议不要设计前轮驱动的正三躺，除非它有一定的侧倾

20、能力。（看来巨蟒的前驱正三躺还不能搞！-译者）Conclusion结论Although Jetrike MkII is a FWD tilting delta trike, I am switching to a tadpole configuration for my next design. The reason for this is that the forward CoG only provides a narrow tilt range with a small margin for error. Additionally when the trike is stationary

21、it can only tilt a little bit before the trike tips over.虽然Jetrike MKII是一个前驱侧倾正三躺，但我下一个设计将切换为倒三躺设计。这样做的原因是，靠前的重心仅提供一个小幅度的一个狭窄的倾斜范围可以调整。另外在此正三躺静止时，它只能在正三躺侧翻之前倾斜一点点。（调整不回来）The Ideal Tilting Trike理想的侧倾三轮躺车矢量分析图By comparison, the tadpole configuration with a properly centered CoG provides excellent traction, turning and braking stability. It provides a larger tilting range, so you dont have to get the tilt angle exactly right, and it can also be tilted further while stationary without tipping over.相比之下，重心合适的倒三躺提供了极好的抓地力，转向和制动稳定性。它提供了一个更大的倾斜范围内，所以你没有必要得到完全正确的的倾斜角度，而且它也可以静态侧倾的很厉害也不至于翻倒。