考研英语写作密训讲义终极版Word格式.docx

1、（2003温室花朵17分）the real implication of the anthor is that everyone has to meet difficulties in their life experience,so we have to make adequate preparations for them.（名词替代动词，系表结构）（题目同上12分）this time,the flower can not stand in the heave rain.（不用缩写表示正式）（题目同上12分）we can not imagine a society full of adul

2、ts having the ahility like seven year-old children.（it is beyond imagination that）（名词代替动词，缩写问题）（题目同上10分）looking at it carefully ,the flower is protected from the rain outside the warm house.（垂悬结构，主被动分清）（题目同上6分）there are two picture ,one is said that a flower can not be hurt by rain and wind, She gro

3、ws wonderful.（多一个谓语存在混乱并列或降级）（2004终点又是新起点16分）the market economy and competitive society drives many people to study hard for higher academic degrees.（主谓一致）（2002文化交流4分）a beautiful american girl is wearing chinese clothes is smiling to us.（汉语思维的影响，主语从句）2、考研写作应对对策：结构（1）审题阶段（2）各段充实3、考研写作应对对策（1）有话可说（2）不离

4、正题第二篇 结构科学 内容充实2.1 考研写作应对对策：结构注意逻辑2.2 三段分别覆盖情况：首段三种：图画描述、现象描述、寓意象征（可以在第二段）中心段三种：原因分析、利弊分析、举例说明尾段三种：判断评论&问题建议、个人选择、现实运用2.3 详细解析2.3.1 图画描述四句：第一句对画面的简单概括，第二三句描写画面内容，最后一句点明中心，即象征或寓意（这句也可以放在第二段第一句：承上启下）图画描述段的首尾句常用有：（1）A：一幅图首句：This is an interesting and thought-provoking picture.（extraordinary /meaningful

5、） As is shown in the picture, （depicted/conveyed/drawn/illustrated） The picture shocks us beyond description.（reveals only the tip of an ugly iceberg.用于反面意义图画）B:一幅图尾句 The meaning conveyed by the picture is clear but profound:揭示中心（drawing/photo） It is obvious that揭示中心 Obviously 揭示中心（2）两幅图首句 The two p

6、ictures are interesting and thought-provoking.（extraordinary/meaningful） As is shown in the first picture. 第一幅图描述 whereas the second picture depicts第二幅图描述（depicted/conveyed/drawn） As depicted in the pictures第一幅图描述 and 第二幅图描述 As we can see from the first picture第一幅描述,in the second picture,however第二幅图

7、描述 The two pictures reveal a not uncommon phenomenon that总结画面图像B：两幅图尾句 Comparing the two pictures,we can conclude that揭示中心 The meaning conveyed by the pictures is clear but profound: Obviously揭示中心 It is not difficult to conclude the symbolic meaning of the pictures揭示中心2.3.2 现象简介第一句是对相关现状的概括介绍，第二三句进一

8、步细节介绍，最后一句点明主题，可能带来的后果。现象简介段常用首尾句：首句（开门见山说现象）It is really common that .介绍现象（有图说图，没图说事）It is not uncommon that.介绍现象（有图说图，没图说事）The drawing reflects the common phenomenon of名词性现象描述Recently，there has been a growing concern among the public over the issue/phenomenon that介绍现象（有图说图，没图说事）（Today/Nowadays）Lat

9、ely，the discussion of（现象）has aroused nationwide attention among the public.B；尾句The meaning conveyed by the phenomenon is clear but profound ：揭示中心（revealed/implied）The profound implication of the phenomenon is that揭示中心Therefore，it is obvious that揭示中心Obviously揭示中心2.3.3 寓意象征第一句对画面的简要评价，第二三句对画面简单描述，第四句得

10、出结论，揭示主题。如果出现在第二段就在第二三句进行拓展。寓意象征段常用首尾句首句As can be seen form the picture，the drawer tells us that说出画面的寓意（cartoon/photo）What the picture illustrates is a profound topic in our daily life which often causes our concern说出画面的寓意It is not a difficult job for us to make clear the meaning of the picture说出寓意T

11、herefore，说出深层寓意（广泛的）The majority of people would agree that你的结论。2.3.4 原因分析四到六句：第一句阐述中心说明有多种原因，第二三句列举原因（并列的原因，注意连接），第四局本段结论（强调已列举的原因及产生的结果过渡作用）。原因分析段框架示例：There are a variety of reasons for the phenomenon. For one thing举一个原因。ForAnother,另一个原因。（as a result,结论。）Why does this phenomenon appear?I think the

12、re are several possible reasons for this. First and formost,举一个原因：furthermore,另一个原因：last but not least,最后一个原因。 其他首句还有：I have three reason for my conclusion/predicition/assumption.To the best of my knowledge，the following reasons may contribute to this phenomenon.As far as I am concerned，several reas

13、ons can be identified.其他列举原因还可用：The main reson for the phenomenon is that举一个最重要典型的原因：another major reason is due to另一个原因（注意用名词性短语结构）In the first place，Secondly，Finally， The first reason is,and the second one isNot only because，but also because2.3.5 利弊分析一定有利有弊六句：第一句总结说有利有弊（一定不要用Every coin has two sid

14、es.俗！）：第二三句写优势以及拓展推导：第四五句写劣势以及拓展推导：第六句写利弊相当或利大于弊或弊大于利。利弊分析段框架示例We can easily recognize the both sides of the phenomenon.The advantages can be concluded as follows.To begin with，第一个优势：moreover，第二个优势：However，there are also drawbacks to the phenomenon.For one thing,第一个劣势：for another，第二个劣势。It is not a d

15、ifficult job to be aware of the attractions and the shortcomings of the phenomenon.On the one hand，列举优点。On the other hand，列举缺点。其他可用的过渡方式：For all the advantages mentioned above，讨论主题 is by to no means without any limitations，as listed below.For one thing，劣势一，for another，劣势二。For my part，I maintain that

16、 the advantages far outweigh the disadvantages.In spite of the situation of讨论主题，its weaknesses are insignificant compared with its Strengths.2.3.6 举例说明注意切题（油灯）第一句说明中心与现实的关系，即寓意和例子的关系（过渡）【中心思想和生活的紧密联系】.第二三句一个例子及其相关拓展（例子和其后果），第四五句又一个例子及其相关扩展，第六句给出本段结论（说明已举例和中心的关系）【*本段第一句和最后一句要相互呼应】举例说明段框架示例：As an exam

17、ple of 主题，.说出事例.另一事例 also provides us with a good illustration.Obviously，结论。It is not hard to find proper examples in our daily life .Firstly,举例。Besides, ,再举一例。Therefore，the phenomenon has been so common that we have to take actions to shift the situation.（最后一句用于尾段是提建议时）When it comes to the phenomen

18、on,一个例子must be concemed here.It also comes to me that另一事例。Take as an example。2.3.7判断评论容易操作，说出自己的看法。好的现象要发扬光大，不好的现象给出改进建议。三句：第一句给出承上启下的总结（中心强调），第二句自己观点（注意观点一定要与前面提到的一致，不要再提出任何新的观点或看法），第三句强调自己观点的合理性（only倒装句的使用）。判断评论段的首句选择：To the best of my undertanding，it is advisable that we take a rational attitude

19、towards this issue。（positive、dialectical）For my part ，I believe that 说自己看法。It goes without saying that 说上文结论。My point of view is that说自己观点。2.3.8问题建议相关人士应该做的事。三句（尾段）：第一句点明存在的问题，第二句给出建议及带来的好的结果，第三段给出本段结论（对自己的解决方案的评价：用only倒装句显示其价值和强调）。问题建议段框架示例：For my part，it is imperative for us to take drastic measur

20、es。For one thing，建议一。For another，建议二。Only in this way can way建议实施后的结果。Indeed，上面提到的结论。As far as I am concerned，we should work out concrete solution to problem of 问题或现状。For instance，建议。Only by doing this can way建议实施后的结果。In order to 目标，there are some suggestions available。In the first place ，建议一。Moreov

21、er 建议一。Accordingly ，it is the high time that we placed great emphasis on this phenomenon。（一定用过去时）。2.3.9个人选择第一句点明自己选择，第二句说明选择原因，第三句声明其优势作总结。切忌在观点上摇晃，如果需要偏向某一观点就一贯坚持本观点：如果是两观点对比就不要显示偏向；如果是两观点选其一就在选择后不再动摇。个人选择常用首句：In my opinion 自己的选择is my favor。As for me，I prefer选择的to未选的。All in all ，I would say that 选择

22、的get my approval。2.3.10现实运用通过寄予希望，号召做结尾。第一句点明其价值，第二句列举其运用或现实中启示，第三句给出运用后的预期效果（展望、号召、希望）。现实运用常用首句：Indeed，there is a widespread concern over 说现实。As the public awareness of 现实 heightens,people will try hard to change the situation.Now an increasing number of people come to realize that说实话。常用表示展望的句型：Onl

23、y by doing this a harmonious relationship will not be contrary to our expectations.（用在描述两者关系时）We should be confident in our expectation of a bright future in this area.（用在期待某事有所改善时）A better situation is not going to be far from us.2.4考研写作最实用论证方法总结：因果式：图画描述-原因分析-解决建议例证式：现象描述-举例说明-判断评论类比式/对比式：描述-利弊分析-

24、判断评论第三篇 实战写作3.1考研写作科学的写作过程：1审题2列提纲3开始写作4检查第四篇 应用文满分策略：4.1信函写作：个人书信&事务公函语域使用：正式使用礼貌表达，不用缩略语（对公）半正式可以使用缩略和口语表达（对私）非正式（一般不考）It depends组成部分：称呼、正文、落款4.1.1格式：称呼、落款、正文4.1.2内容三段（8句）：写作目的段、细化段、感谢或者期待。4.1.3各种信函内容安排建议信：2007年及2009年PartA真题及解析：基本结构和常用句型：Dear自我介绍，赞扬在先，仍需改进，提出建议。建议细节期望改进，表示感谢. Yours sincerelyLi Min

25、g与投诉信比较：仍然以提建议为主：无需赞扬，直接表明写信目的即提建议：最后无需感谢，只需表示期待改进。常用句型：I am writing with my suggestion about.I would like to suggest thatI hope you will find these suggestions helpfulI would like to extend my appreciation if you are so kind as to take my suggestions into considerationWe would like to draw your att

26、ention to something you have obviously failed to notice（投诉信）I am writing to express my concern|dissatisfaction|disappointment about（投诉信）To improve the situation ,it is advisable for you to take the following measures（投诉信）We trust that you will now consider this matter seriously and make an effort to prevent the recurrence of this kind （投诉信）致歉信：2008PartA真题及解析表明