高考英语重点试题辽宁卷文档格式.docx

1、每题2分，总分值30分阅读以下短文，从每题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D中，选出最正确选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AOneafternoonlastweek,Isawthreetearfulchildrenfrommysonsschoolbeingcomfortedbyteachers.Thatmorning,my11yearoldhadstomachpains,retching（干呕）intoabowl.Talkingtoothermotherslater,Iheardaboutotherchildrenwithstomachacheordifficultysleepingthenightb

2、efore.Whatcausedsomuchpain?Sportsday.Sportsdaymightbenecessaryatahighlycompetitiveindependentschool,butnotatavillageprimaryschool.Forthechildrenwhocanflylikethewind,sportsdaycausesnoproblem.Forthosewhoareoverweightorjustnotgoodatsport,itisanightmare（噩梦）.Evenforthosewhoenjoyrunningbutfallhalfwaydownt

3、hetrackinfrontoftheentireschoolandtheirparents，itcanproveadisaster.Whydoweputourchildrenthroughthisannualsuffering?Somemaysaycompetitionischaracterbuilding；oritstakingpart,notwinning,thatsimportant；orthatitisatraditionofschoollife.Ijustfeltgreatpityforthosechildrenintearsorinpain.Teamgamesattheendof

4、sportsdayproducedsomecloseraces,wildenthusiasm,lotsofshoutingandwerefuntowatch.Moreimportantly,thechildrenwhowerenotsofastorquickatpassingtheballwerehiddenalittlefromeveryoneseyes.Someofthemalsohadthethrillofbeingonthewinningside.Iwishthatsportsdaycouldbeabandonedandreplacedwithsomeotherlesscompetit

5、iveevent.Perhapsanafternoonofteamgames,withafewracesforthosewhowantthem,wouldbelessstressfulforthechildrenandalotmorefuntowatch.21、WhatcanwelearnabouttheauthorssonfromParagraph1?A、Hetalkedwithsomemothers. B、Hecomfortedhisclassmates.C、Hehaddifficultyinsleeping. D、Hesufferedfromstomachache.22、Sportsda

6、yisstillanannualeventinthisschoolprobablybecause_.A、thisisanindependentschool B、itisatraditionoftheschoolC、ithelpschildrenloseweight D、childrenenjoywatchingsports23、Whatdoestheauthorthinkaboutteamgames?A、Theyshouldincludemorestressfulraces.B、Theyareacceptabletodifferentchildren.C、Theyshouldbeabandon

7、edatprimaryschools.D、Theyarelessfunforthosewholoverunning.24、Whatistheauthorsattitudetowardssportsday?A、Critical. B、Neutral.C、Positive. D、Ambiguous.BMOOCs,shortfor“massiveopenonlinecourses，”markanimportant,possiblyrevolutionary,developmentineducation.Thesecoursesareonline,freeofcharge,andopentoanyon

8、eintheworldwhohasalaptopandanInternetconnection.Moreover,theyaremainlyofferedbygreatuniversitieslikeStanford,Berkeley,HarvardandColumbia.Thecoursesarearrangedaccordingtohowdifficulttheyare,enablingstudentstoprogressfrombeginnerstotheadvanced.Thecoursescovernotonlyabroadrangeofsciencesubjectssuchasma

9、thandcomputerscience,butalsocoursesinsocialsciencesandhumanities.ThoughMOOCsarenotofferedforcreditanddegree,manystudentsenroll（加入）inthecoursesforrealskillsorknowledgewhichtheycanputtosomepracticaluse.Theformat（形式）seemsbetterthanthetraditionalschoolclass.Theaveragequalityofthelecturersismuchhigher.Be

10、sides,studentscanlearnbackandforwardthatis,theycangoattheirownlearningspeed,whichtheycantdoinalivelecture.And,moreimportantly,theydonthavetotravelanywheretoattendanonlinelecture.Thereisaproblemofaskingquestionsofthelecturerinaclassoftenthousandstudents,butsomeMOOCshavesolveditbyallowingstudentstopos

11、tquestionsonlineforavote,andonlythemostpopularquestionsareputtothelecturer.Inaknowledgeage,lifelonglearningisnotconfinedtoatraditionalclassroom.StudentstakingMOOCSareusuallyveryclever,haveworkexperience,andinmanycases,havealreadydevelopedasetofpracticalskills.Moreover,theyalsoofferuniqueinternationa

12、lperspectives（远景）thatwouldbetheenvyofanyschoolclassroom.25、WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaboutMOOCs?A、Theword“MOOCs”isshortfor“massiveopenonlinecampuses”、B、AnyonewhohasacomputerandanInternetconnectioncantakeMOOCs.C、MOOCsareusuallyofferedbyfirstclassuniversitiesintheworld.D、MOOCsmaybeabreakth

13、roughinthedevelopmentofeducation.26、MOOCsseemtohaveanadvantageovertraditionalschoolclassesinthat_.A、thereisaproblemofaskingquestionsintraditionalclassesB、studentsenrollinginMOOCscangetcreditanddegreeeasilyC、studentscanlearnattheirownstudypaceD、studentscantraveltomanyplaceswhentakingMOOCs27、Themeanin

14、goftheunderlinedword“confined”means_.A、extended B、developedC、limited D、advancedCPassengerpigeons（旅鸽）onceflewovermuchoftheUnitedStatesinunbelievablenumbers.Writtenaccountsfromthe18thand19thcenturiesdescribedflocks（群）solargethattheydarkenedtheskyforhours.Itwascalculatedthatwhenitspopulationreacheditsh

15、ighestpoint,thereweremorethan3billionpassengerpigeonsanumberequalto24to40percentofthetotalbirdpopulationintheUnitedStates,makingitperhapsthemostabundantbirdintheworld.Evenaslateas1870whentheirnumbershadalreadybecomesmaller,aflockbelievedtobe1milewideand320miles（about515kilometers）longwasseennearCinc

16、innati.Sadlytheabundanceofpassengerpigeonsmayhavebeentheirundoing.Wherethebirdsweremostabundant,peoplebelievedtherewasaneverlastingsupplyandkilledthembythethousands.Commercialhuntersattractedthemtosmallclearingswithgrain,waiteduntilpigeonshadsettledtofeed,thenthrewlargenetsoverthem,takinghundredsata

17、time.Thebirdswereshippedtolargecitiesandsoldinrestaurants.Bytheclosingdecadesofthe19thcentury，thehardwoodforestswherepassengerpigeonsnestedhadbeendamagedbyAmericansneedforwood,whichscattered（驱散）theflocksandforcedthebirdstogofarthernorth,wherecoldtemperaturesandspringstormscontributedtotheirdecline.S

18、oonthegreatflocksweregone,nevertobeseenagain.In1897,thestateofMichiganpassedalawprohibitingthekillingofpassengerpigeons,butbythen,nosizableflockshadbeenseeninthestatefor10years.ThelastconfirmedwildpigeonintheUnitedStateswasshotbyaboyinPikeCounty,Ohio,in1900.Foratime,afewbirdssurvivedunderhumancare.T

19、helastofthem,knownaffectionatelyasMartha,diedattheCincinnatiZoologicalGardenonSeptember1,1914.28.Inthe18thandearly19thcenturies,passengerpigeons_.A.werethebiggestbirdintheworldB.livedmainlyinthesouthofAmericaC.didgreatharmtothenaturalenvironmentD.werethelargestbirdpopulationintheUS29.Theunderlinedwo

20、rd“undoing”probablyreferstothepigeons_.A.escape B.ruinC.liberation D.evolution30.Whatwasthemainreasonforpeopletokillpassengerpigeons?A.Toseekpleasure. B.Tosaveotherbirds.C.Tomakemoney. D.Toprotectcrops.31.WhatcanweinferaboutthelawpassedinMichigan?A.Itwasignoredbythepublic. B.Itwasdeclaredtoolate.C.I

21、twasunfair. D.Itwasstrict.DWhendifferentspeciesofbirdsflock（聚集）together,theirflightformationsaredeterminedbysocialdynamicsbothbetweenandwithinspecies.NewresearchfromtheUniversitiesofCambridgeandExeterrevealsforthefirsttimethat,contrarytocurrentmodelsusedtoexplainthemovementofflocks,thedifferencesbet

22、weenbirdspeciesandsocialrelationshipsbetweenindividualsplayacriticalroleindeterminingthedynamicsofmixedspeciesflocks.Theunified（群集）behaviourofbirdflockshaspuzzledscientistsforhundredsofyears.Onenaturalistfromtheturnofthecenturyevensuggestedtelepathy（心灵感应）maybeinvolved.Therehavesincebeenmorelogicalex

23、planations,includingmathematicalmodelsthatshowthatrepeatedinteractionsamongindividualsfollowingsimplerulescangeneratecoordinated（协同的）groupmovements.However,thesemodelsusuallyrelyontheassumptionthatindividualswithingroupsareidenticalandinteractindependently,whichmaynotreflectreality.JolleJolles,aPhDs

24、tudentattheUniversityofCambridgesDepartmentofZoologyandauthorofthepaper,said：“Spectacularcollectivebehaviourcanbefoundinalargerangeofanimalspecies,andwenowknowthatoftenthesecomplexcoordinatedgroupmovementsmaybetheresultofindividualsfollowingsimplerules.However,rarelyaretheindividualcharacteristicsan

25、dsocialrelationshipswithinthemtakenintoaccount.Ourresearchhighlightsthatthesestrikingdisplaysofgroupbehaviouraremuchmorecomplex.”Byanalysinghighresolutionphotographsofmixedflocksofrooksandjackdaws（bothfromthecorvidfamily）,theresearchersfoundthatratherthanindividualsinteractinginaconsistentfashionthr

26、oughouttheflock,interactionsdependedonsocialdynamicsbetweenthedifferentspeciesaswellasrelationshipswithinaspecies.Theresearchersdiscoveredthatbirdsprefertoflyclosetomembersoftheirownspecies,andthatthelargerandmoredominantrookstaketheleadbyflyingnearthefrontofflocks.Additionally,thelifelong,monogamou

27、s（一妻一夫制的）pairbondsthatarecharacteristicofbothspeciesseemtobereflectedinflight,asbirdsoftenflyparticularlyclosetoasingle,samespeciespartner.DrAlexThornton,principalinvestigatoroftheCambridgeJackdawProject,nowattheUniversityofExeterandauthorofthepaper,said“Together,ourfindingsdemonstratethattoundersta

28、ndthestructureofgroups，suchasbirdflocks，weneedtoconsiderthecharacteristicsandrelationshipsoftheindividualswithinthem.”32.Theunderlinedword“generate”means_.A、setdown B、takeawayC、bringabout D、giveup33、AccordingtoJolleJolles,whatareseldomconsideredaboutcoordinatedgroupmovement?A、Individualcharacteristi

29、csandsocialrelationshipbetweenthem.B、Repeatedinteractionsamongindividualsandsocialdynamics.C、Telepathyandsocialrelationshipbetweenthem.D、Thestructureofgroupsandthevarietiesofspecies.34、Birdsmayprefertoflytheclosestto_.A、thelargestone B、themostdynamiconeC、thelifelongpartner D、thefriendlypartner35、Wha

30、tisthemainideaofthepassage?A、Howbirdsinteractinsimplerules.B、Howbirdsofdifferentfeathersflocktogether.C、Whybirdsshowpreferencetoflocking.D、Whybirdsdisplaythecharacteristics.第二节共5小题；每题2分，总分值10分依照短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Whatdoyou,thetrees,andabirdhaveincommon?_36_Alllivingthingsmusthav

31、ewatertosurvive,whethertheygetitfromawaterfountain,araincloud,oralittlebottleattachedtothesideofabirdcage._37_Watermakesupmorethanhalfofyourbodyweightandapersoncantsurviveformorethanafewdayswithoutit.Why?Yourbodyhaslotsofimportantjobsanditneedswatertodomanyofthem.Forinstance,yourblood,whichcontainsalotofwater,carriesoxygentoallthecellsofyourbody.Withoutoxygen,thosetinycellswoulddieandyourbodywouldstopworking.Waterisalsoinlymph,afluid（流体）thatispartofyourimmunesystem,whichhelpsyoufightoffillness._38_Waterisneededfordigestivejuices,urine,andpoop.Andy