高考英语一轮复习语法专题第一讲构词法新人教版Word文件下载.docx

1、correct v改正；纠正correction n改正celebrate v庆祝 celebration n庆祝；庆祝会conclude v完成；结束 conclusion n结论；结束2动词er/or名词（表示从事某种职业或进行某种活动的人）drive v驾驶开车；驱赶driver n司机；驾驶员gather v聚集；采集 gatherer n收集者；采集者conduct v指挥；管理 conductor n指挥；售票员3动词ment名词punish v惩罚 punishment n惩罚4动词/形容词th名词warm adj. 温暖的 warmth n温暖grow v生长 growth n

2、生长5形容词y名词difficult adj.困难的 difficulty n困难honest adj.诚实的 honesty n诚实6形容词ness名词kind adj.善良的 kindness n善良7动词ance名词annoy vt.使烦恼 annoyance n生气；烦恼8ship结尾的名词（表示身份、关系、资格）member n成员；会员 membership n会员资格professor n教授 professorship n教授身份9ing结尾的名词garden n花园 gardening n园艺greet v打招呼；问候 greeting n问候10age结尾的名词marry

3、v结婚 marriage n婚姻short adj. 短的 shortage n. 短缺用所给单词的适当形式填空。From the 1.（express） on Marys face，he knew he left bad 2.（impress） on her and if she won the 3.（elect） to become chairman of the Environment 4.（organize）, he could not get her 5._（permit） to join it although he was willing to do his bit to rid

4、 the world of 6.（pollute） and to help people enjoy a better Earth. When he was wondering how to change this embarrassing situation, he got 7.（inspire） from his wifes words. Yes, he should try his best to win the election and become chairman himself with his 8._（determine）to work for the organization

5、.“My dear, you are really a wonderful 9.（help）! Im sure I will be the 10.（win） of the election.” He said to his wife excitedly.It was really a hard time when Li Ping first came to the United States. His 1.（earn） could hardly cover the expenses, so when his wife gave 2.（bear） to their second daughter

6、, they could not afford enough nutritious food.Soon，poor nutrition caused the 3.（die） of the poor baby. 4.（lonely） was another problem because they had no 5.（relate） or friends there. Thanks to his 6.（brave） and 7.（persevere）, he managed to gain the 8.（citizen） of the United States and in the end he

7、 had his permanent 9._（settle）. He always tells his children like this：Perseverance leads to 10.（happy） and success.强化训练一A1.expression2.impression3.election4.Organization5permission6.pollution7.inspiration8.determination9helper10.winnerB1.earnings2.birth3.death4.Loneliness5relations/relatives6.brave

8、ry7. perseverance8citizenship9. settlement10. happiness（二）形容词、副词后缀1常见形容词后缀（1）名词al形容词（表示有属性，与有关）。agriculture n农业agricultural adj.农业的（2）动词ive形容词。decide v决定；下决心decisive adj.决定性的；关键的（3）动词able形容词（表示能够，适于，值得）。change v变化；兑换changeable adj.易变的；变化无常的（4）名词ful形容词。care n小心；关心 careful adj.小心的；仔细的（5）名词less形容词（意思与原

9、名词相反）。关心 careless adj.粗心的（6）名词ly形容词。friend n朋友 friendly adj.友好的（7）名词y形容词。dirt n污物；脏物 dirty adj.脏的（8）名词ous形容词。danger n危险 dangerous adj.危险的2副词后缀形容词ly副词。careful adj.仔细的 carefully adv.仔细地3复合形容词的构成（1）形容词ing分词。easygoing随和的（2）形容词名词ed。kindhearted 善良的；好心的（3）名词ed分词。watercovered被水覆盖的（4）副词ed分词。wellwritten写得好的（5

10、）数词名词ed。threelegged三条腿的.阅读下列句子，写出画线单词的汉语意思。1You can find the worlds largest car rental company in that country.（）2The good working condition in this city is attractive（）3You can rely on him because he is reliable（）4Her words struck fear into her heart，so she was sleepless all night long, afraid of b

11、eing killed unexpectedly some day.（）5It was a frosty cold morning when he set off for the remote village.（）6As we know，the Antarctic is an icecovered continent.（）7Everybody says Lily is an easygoing girl，so she has many friends.（）8The old mans sunburnt face suggested he had worked hard in the field

12、in summer.（）.用所给单词的适当形式完成下列短文。Lucy likes talking and everybody says she is 1.（communicate）. She is 2.（act） in answering the teachers questions and from time to time her classmates find her answers quite 3.（impress） and 4.（accept）. Of course, not every student likes her, but she has many friends who

13、think Lucy is a 5._ （create） and 6.（help） girl. For example, she once led a 7._ （home）child to her home and made the child her younger sister. Besides, she spent 8.（count） hours caring for a sick neighbor until she was well again. She is 9.（friend） to those who have difficulty with their subjects. A

14、ll in all, Lucy is the most 10.（fame） girl in her school.强化训练二.1.租赁的2.吸引人的3.可依赖的；靠得住的4.没有睡觉的；不眠的5.有霜的6.冰雪覆盖的7.随和的8.被太阳晒黑的municative2.active3.impressive4acceptable5.creative6.helpful7.homeless8countless9.friendly10.famous（三）动词词缀1前缀en形容词动词enrich v丰富enlarge v变大；增大；扩大2形容词en动词enlighten v说明；阐明shorten v缩短w

15、iden v加宽3fy结尾的动词simplify v简化classify v归类4ize结尾的动词realize v. 认识到popularize v普及.阅读下列句子，写出画线部分的意思。1Extracurricular activities enable the students to know how to apply the knowledge learned in the textbooks.（）2The two countries are trying their best to normalize_their_relationship（）3Some think that stud

16、ying abroad can broaden_their_horizon（）4You will horrify the baby if you speak too loudly.（）.用所给单词的适当形式填空。1Try your best to（memory） these new words.2The question must be（simple） so that we can find out a solution to it.3It costs a lot of money if we plan to（pure） the waste water.4He（quick） his steps

17、 to arrive home earlier.5You can （large） your vocabulary if you keep on memorizing some new words every day.强化训练三.1.使能够2.使关系正常化3.拓宽视野4.使恐惧.1.memorize2.simplified3.purify4.quickened5enlarge（四）否定词缀1表示否定意义的前缀un不，非unable 不能够unlucky 不幸的dis不，非dishonest 不诚实的discontinuous 不连贯的in不，非inactive 不活跃的incorrect 不正确

18、的im不，非impatient 不耐烦的impossible 不可能的ir不，非irregular 不规则的irresponsible 不负责任的il不，非illogical 不合逻辑的illegal 非法的non不，非nonexistent 不存在的nonstop 直达的；连续不断的mis错误mislead 误导misunderstand 误解dis动词（意义相反）dislike 不喜欢disagree 不同意un动词（意义相反）uncover 揭开undress 脱衣服2表示否定意义的后缀名词less否定意义的形容词use n用处useless adj. 无用的hope n希望 hopel

19、ess 没有希望的；绝望的home n家 homeless adj.无家可归的The speech seemed to be 1.（stop） and the listeners became very 2.（patient）When the speaker said that oil was 3.（renew） and that the best way to solve the problem was not to make cars and buses to force people to go to work or school on foot, the audience though

20、t it was 4.（practice） and 5.（bear） to listen to him any longer. They 6.（believe） that the world would go smoothly without these modern transportations. They also thought that the speaker was 7.（responsible） to make such a statement without thinking it carefully and his speech would cause some 8._（un

21、derstand）. So most of the listeners chose to leave, shouting loudly and angrily.强化训练四1nonstop2.impatient3.nonrenewable4.impractical5unbearable6.disbelieved7.irresponsible8misunderstandings阅读下列短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。（一）Walt Disney was an American film producer，1._（direct），screenwriter，

22、voice actor，animator，entrepreneur，entertainer，international icon and philanthropist （慈善家）. Disney is famous for his influence in the field of 2._（entertain） during the 20th century. Along with his brother Roy ODisney，he cofounded the Walt Disney Productions, which later became one of the wellknown m

23、otion picture 3._（produce） in the world.Disney is particularly 4._（note） for being a film producer and a popular showman, as well as an innovator in animation and theme park design. He and his staff created a number of the worlds most famous fictional characters including Mickey Mouse, a character f

24、or which Disney himself was the 5._（origin） voice. He gave his name to the Disneyland and Walt Disney World Resort theme parks in the United States, as well as the international resorts like Tokyo Disney Resort, Disneyland Paris, and Hong Kong Disneyland. The new series, Alice Comedies，was reasonabl

25、y 6._（success）, and featured both Dawn ODay and Margie Gay as Alice. By the time the series ended in 1927, the focus was more on a cat named Julius.Disneys cartoons became 7._（wide） popular in the Kansas City area.Through their success, Disney was able to acquire his own studio, also called Laugh OG

26、ram，for which he hired a vast number of additional animators. Unfortunately, the studio profits were 8._（sufficient） to cover the high salaries paid to 9._（employ）, for Walt was 10._（able） to successfully manage money then. As a result, the studio became loaded with debt. Disney then decided to set

27、up a studio in the movie industrys capital city，Hollywood, California.（二）Newspaper is a publication devoted 1._（chief） to presenting and commenting on the news. Newspapers provide an excellent means of keeping people well informed on current events. They also play an 2._（extreme） important role in s

28、haping public opinion.Newspapers have certain advantages over other major news mediatelevision, radio, the Internet, and newsmagazines. For example, newspapers can cover more news in much greater detail than television and radio newscasts. Newsmagazines focus on chief 3._（nation） and international events. But newspapers report local as well as national and international news and newspapers offer the public some 4._（humor） stories and attractive stories about 5._（wealth） or famous people as well as 6._（fool） little persons .However，newspapers also have e