高考语法专题情态动词和虚拟语气含答案Word下载.docx

1、当被告知说这是整个人类的损失时，农民们都突然大笑着回应道：“我们减少的收入才是我们真正的损失呢！”我们应该意识到自然平衡的重要，更加注意野生动植物的保护。直到我们成功让野生动植物安详平静地生活，我们自己才能如释重负地笑开颜。【词汇点拨】wildlife n. 野生动植物protection n. 保护wild adj.野生的；野的；未开发的；荒凉的decrease vi. & vt 减少；（使）变小；或变少die out 灭亡；逐渐消失loss n. 损失；遗失；丧失reserve n. 保护区hunt vt. & vi. 打猎；猎取；搜寻zone n. 地域；地带；地区in peace 和平

2、地；和睦地；安祥地in danger （of） 在危险中；垂危carpet n. 地毯respond vi. 回答；响应；做出反应distant adj. 远的；远处的fur n. 毛皮；毛；软毛relief n.（痛苦或忧虑的）减轻或解除；减轻痛苦的事物in relief 如释重负；松了口气laughter n. 笑；笑声burst into laughter 突然笑起来；大声笑了出来mercy n. 仁慈；宽恕；怜悯certain adj. 确定的；某一；一定importance n. 重要（性）rub vt. 擦；摩擦protectfrom 保护不受（危害）mosquito n. 蚊子i

3、nsect n. 昆虫contain vt. 包含；容纳；容忍powerful adj. 强大的；有力的affect vt. 影响；感动；侵袭attention n. 注意；关注；注意力pay attention to 注意appreciate vt. 鉴赏；感激；意识到succeed vi. 成功vt. 接替；继任secure adj. 安全的；可靠的income n. 收入employ vt. 雇用；利用（时间、精力等）harm n. & vt. 损害；危害bite vt. & vi. （bit, bitten）咬；叮；刺痛dinosaur n. 恐龙come into being 形成；

4、产生inspect vt. 检查；视察unexpected adj. 没料到的；意外的incident n. 事件；事变dust n. 灰尘；尘土；尘埃according to 按照；根据所说fierce adj. 凶猛的；猛烈的so that 以致于；结果ending n. 结局；结尾【考点精炼】1、请根据各句上下文的意义，选择正确的单词填入空白处。 bite, wildlife, protection, affect, powerful, reserve, contain, zone, rub, effect, fierce, loss, mosquito, insect1. Everyo

5、ne should realize the importance of _ protection, because some animals are endangered.2. Sunglasses can be a _ to your eyes against the strong sunlight on hot summer days.3. Wolong Nature _ , Sichuan Province is one home to pandas.4. Shenzhen Special Economic _ was founded in 1980.5. _ are small cre

6、atures with six legs and a body divided into three parts.6. Fresh fruit and vegetables _ plentiful Vitamin C.7. China is getting more and more _ in the world.8. Sex and violence in TV plays _ the development of a child.9. People say that barking dogs dont _ .10. A tiger is a very _ kind of animal. 1

7、1. Living near an airport may cause the _ of hearing some day.12. Why not hang a _ net over a bed to keep them away from you?13. Proper ways of educating kids will have a good _ on their character building.14. Pupils are asked to _ out the mistake if they find it wrong.2、把下列短语填入每个句子的空白处（注意所填短语的形式变化）

8、： die out in peace in danger protectfrom pay attention to come into being1. The new country _ only two years ago.2. The government is doing its best to _ those rare animals _ being hunted.3. I had warned him of the possible danger, but he didnt _ it.4. Elephants would _ if men are allowed to shoot a

9、s many as they wished.5. Childrens lives are _ every time they cross the road.6. The two communities live together _.3、一、用所学情态动词填空。1. We _use the computer now ,but we _use it twenty years ago .2. My car is out of order now .There _be something wrong with the engine.3 Listen !Helen is singing in the

10、next room . It _be Helen ,She has gone to Beijing .4 _we use your office for a few minutes ? No, you mustnt .We will have an important meeting right now .5. He was very ill ,so he _finish the work on time .二、用下列所给词的适当形式填空。1. Sorry, I am too busy now. If I （have） time, I would certainly go for an out

11、ing with you.2. If we （book） a table earlier, we couldnt be standing here in a queue.3. Do you think George has passed the driving test? No. If so, he （drive） his car to our college yesterday.4. If we had spent more time practicing speaking English before, he （be） able to speak it much better now.5.

12、 Had they known what was coming next, they （have） second thoughts情态动词和虚拟语气用法掌握欠佳。一、情态动词. 情态动词知识概要 情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义，表示说话人的情绪、态度或语气的动词，但不能单 独作谓语，只能和其他动词原形构成谓语。情态动词数量不多，但用途广泛，主要有： can （could）, may （might）, must, need, ought to, dare （dared）, shall （should）, will （would） . . 情态动词的位置 情态动词在句中放在谓语动词之前，谓语动词前

13、若有助动词，则在助动词之前，疑问句 中， 情态动词放在主语之前。I can see you. Come here. 我能看见你，过来吧。He must have been away. 他一定走了。How dare you treat us like that! 你怎么敢那样对待我们!. 情态动词的语法特征 1. 情态动词除ought 和have 外，后面只能接动词原形。 2. 情态动词没有人称，数的变化，即情态动词第三人称单数不加-s。 3. 情态动词没有非谓语形式，即没有不定式，分词，等形式。.情态动词的用法（一） can; could; be able to 1. Can的用法 （1）表示

14、“能力”（此时过去时是could） What can you do? （2）表示许可、请求，“可以”。 在口语中，can可以代替may表示许可，而may比 较正式。（此时用could或might语气更委婉） -Can/Could I go now? -Yes, you can. （3）表示推测（否，疑），把握很大,could也可表推测（肯，否，疑）,把握比can小。 -Look! Someone is coming! Who can it be? -It cant be him. He has gone to Paris.（不可能） He could be here soon. （4）肯定句中

15、客观存在的可能性。“有时会，偶尔” It can be quite windy there, especially in spring. 2. Could的用法 （1）表示能力， can 的过去式，过去能够 Could you speak English then? Looking down from the plane, we could see lights on the runway. （2）请求允许（委婉语气）（问句的答语不用could，而用can，） Could Can I use your pen? ” “Yes, of course you can.”/ No, Im afrai

16、d not. （3）表示推测可能性（肯，否，疑） We could go there this summer. （将来可能性） You could be right, but I dont think you are. （现在可能性） （4）could have done 对过去推测，可能已经。 本来能够却没做，差点就 He cant couldnt have seen her there. 他不可能在那儿见到她。 He could have gone home. 他可能已回家了 He could have told her, but he didnt choose to. 他本来可以告诉她的

17、，但他却没有。 You could ask me before you use my phone. 你打电话之前本来可以问我一声。 I was so angry I could have killed him. 我是那样生气，差点把他杀了。 （5）can 和 be able to 都可以表示能力，意思上没有区别，但can 只有现在式和过去 式（could），而be able to 则有更多的形式。 过去时：were/was able to 将来时：will/shall be able to 完成时：have /has been able to 如果要表达将来的能力时，一般要用 will/sha

18、ll be able to No one is able to do it. We shall be able to finish the work next week. I havent been able to finish the book Could与 was/ were able to的区别：could 只表有能力， was/were able to 意含” 过去某时经过努力设法做成了某事”, 还可以表示结果 They worked hard, so they were able to do more for the company. He could cure the old ma

19、ns illness. （能治好） He was able to cure the old mans illness. （治好了）（二） may 和 might 1. may的用法（过去式might） （1）表示允许许可，might提问更委婉。口语中可用can/ could.-May/Might I watch TV after supper? -Yes, you may./ Yes, please./ Certainly. -No, you mustnt. / No, you may not. / No, you cant. - No, youd better not. （2）表示推测（肯，

20、否），有“或许”、“可能”的意思。might把握更小。疑问句用can/ couldHe may be right.I hear there may be a few copies left.He may come today （tomorrow）.He might come today （tomorrow）. （3）表示祝愿，倒装。May you succeed!May you have many more days as happy as this one. 2. might 的用法 （1）may 的过去式He said that I might borrow this book.（2）许可

21、（委婉语气） Might I . （3）表示推测（肯，否） “或许”“可能”把握比may小。疑问句用can/couldHe might get there in time, but Im not sure. 特殊结构;may might （just） as well 意为“不妨”、“还是为好”等，用 might 比用 may 语气更委婉。如： Im ready，so I might as well go now我已准备好，因此不妨现在就走。 Theres nothing to do, so I may might as well go to bed. （三） must, have to 1.

22、must的用法 （1）must 表示“必须”。否定式must not （mustnt）表示“不应该”、“不许可”、“不准”、“禁止” 等。Everybody must obey the rules.The work must be finished as soon as possible.You mustnt lend it to others.You mustnt speak like that to your mother. 在回答有“must” 的询问时，否定式常用need not （neednt） / dont have to表示“不必”, 而不用must not, 因为must no

23、t 表示“禁止”“不可以”- Must I go now? - Yes, you must. -No, you neednt. / No, you dont have to. （2）must 表示推测（“一定”、“必定”），只用在肯定句中, 其否定形式为cant，表示“不 可能” You must be hungry after the long walk.The Chinese language must have the large number of speakers. must + have + done，表示对过去事物的肯定推测。 “一定做过.” He must have told

24、my parents about it. （3）表示与说话人愿望相反及不耐烦意为“偏要”-_you make so much noise? （A） -Sorry, I will take care not to. A Must B Can C May D Would （4）must 和 have to 的区别: must 表示说话人的主观看法, have to “不得不, 必须”， 表示客观需要、客观条件只能如此。have to 比 must 有更多形式。mustnt表示“决 不能，禁止，一定不要”，而dont have to表示“不必要”（英国英语常用neednt） .I dont like

25、 the TV set. I must buy a new one. （主观看法）The TV set is broken. I have to buy a new one. （客观需要）He had to spend his childhood in hard work, helping his father on their small farm.You will have to do it again。（将来）（四） ought to/ should/ shall 1. ought to用于反映客观情况或涉及义务和规定时，常译作“应该”、“应当”（和should 差不多， 只是语气较强），有时表示非常可能的事情。