最新人教版高二英语知识点归纳Word格式文档下载.docx

1、They are reliable friends. 他们是可信赖的朋友。Is the source of the information reliable? 那个消息的来源可靠吗？链接 reliably adv. 可靠地；确实地 reliability n. 可靠性；可信赖性2. The man was fired. 那个人被解雇了。fire的动词用法（1） 解雇，开除The company fired him for not coming to work on time. 那个公司因他不按时上班解雇了他。（2） 发射He fired his gun at the big snake. 他开

2、枪打那条大蛇。（3） 激发（人、感情等），使充满热情The story fired his imagination. 这个故事激发了他的想象力。3. The man faced difficulties.（1） face v.t. 面临（困难等），应付， 面对；（危险、困难等）迫近可与介词 to/ towards / on连用We must face our trouble and bear it. 我们必须正视我们的困难并勇于承受。The house faces souththe southto the south那房子面朝南。Vt.面临（困难、危险等）He faced the diffic

3、ulty with courageHe faced the enemy bravely短语be faced with 面临，面对 face up to面对；承担face the music接受（不愉快的后果或情况）（对自己的行为结果）负起责任；接受批评）I was faced with a new problem. 我面临了新问题。She couldnt face up to the fact that she was no longer young.她无法面对自己不再年轻的现实。The boy was caught cheating in the examination and had to

4、 face the music.那个男孩被发现考试作弊，不得不接受惩罚。I must face the music and accept responsibility我一定接受批评并承担责任。If anything goes wrong，“is 1 who will have to face the music如果出了什么问题，负责任的是我。（2） difficulty表示“难，困难”时用作不可数名词，表示“难题，难事”时用作可数名词。e.g. She learned to speak English without difficulty. 她毫无困难地学会了讲英语。We will face

5、many difficulties in the future. 将来我们要面临许多难题。lm in a bit of a difficulty over paying my rent我对付房租有点困难，在下列句式或短语中，difficulty是不可数名词。have（muchno1ittle）difficulty with sthhavefind（muchnolittle）difficulty（in）doing sthThere is（no1ittlemuch）difficulty（in）doing sthwithwithout difficulty困难地轻易地I dont have much

6、 difficulty with English grammar我对学英语语法没什么困难。She had no difficulty in finding the house她毫无困难地找到了那间房子。The patient had difficulty breathing那个病人呼吸困难。She found no difficulty in solving the problem她发现解决那个问题没什么困难。There was little difficulty in understanding him理解他的意思没什么困难。She calmed her daughter with some

7、 difficulty她费了力气才使女儿平静下来。He finished the work without much difficulty他很轻松地完成了工作。4. The man was generous.generous adj. 慷慨的；大方的；宽容的；豁达的；丰富的，丰盛的e.g. He is generous with his money. 他出手大方。He gave me a generous lunch. 他请我吃了一顿丰盛的午餐。链接 generous adv. 慷慨地 generosity n. 慷慨大方5.Below is a list of ten things that

8、 happened today. 以下列出了今天发生的十件事。本句为倒装句，正常语序应为：A list of ten things that happened today is below.below看作副词，表示方位，当表示方位的状语或表语位于句首时，句子采用全部倒装的结构，即把谓语动词的所有组成部分都移到主语之前。这类作状语或表语的词常见的有：away, down, in, off, out, over, up, above, below, here, there及介词短语与分词。Here is a seat for you.这儿有你的一个座位。There goes the bell!铃响

9、了。Written on the blackboard are the names of those who were late yesterday.黑板上写着昨天迟到的人的名字。6.France elected a new president.elect v.t. 选举，推选e.g. They elected a president. / They elected him as President.他们选举了总统。/ 他们选举他为总统。注意：若选举某人担任某职位，且该职位只有一个时，通常不用冠词。e.g. Our classmates elected him as/to be/our/as

10、our monitor.They elected the old man to be chairman of the club.他们推选那位老人为俱乐部主席。辨析 elect, pick out, chooseelect是指通过正式手续的选举。e.g. Roosevelt was elected four times to the presidency of the U.S.A.罗斯福四次当选为美国总统。choose通常指在所提供的对象中，凭个人的判断力进行选择。e.g. We had to choose between leaving early and paying for a taxi.

11、我们不得不在早点动身和雇计程车中间作出选择。There are ten to choose from.pick out比较通俗，指按个人喜好或希望进行挑选，多用于有行的东西。e.g. She picked out a scarf to wear with the dress.她挑选了一条围巾以配上她穿的衣服。7.Food prices are going up. 食品价格在上涨。go up上升，增长，提高e.g. The temperature has gone up.The lift went up to the fourth floor. 电梯升到了四楼。8.A house in your

12、 city burnt down. Nobody was injured.你们镇上一座房子被烧毁。无人员伤亡。（1）burn down 烧毁；使烧毁【强调破坏性】；（由于燃料烧尽）火力减弱These houses were burnt down to the ground. 这些房子被烧毁。The fire is burning down, get some more coal please.比较 burn up烧尽，烧光【强调动作的结果】；（火，炉等）烧起来，旺起来e.g. Put some wood on the fire and make it burn up.（2） injure v.

13、t. 使受伤；损害，伤害（感情）She injured herself while skating她在滑冰时受了伤。The earthquake killed 2000 people and inured 3000。地震造成2000人死亡，3000人受伤。He got badly inured in the accident在这次事故中他受了重伤。The injured were taken to hospital伤员被送往医院。Smoking will inure your health吸烟会损害你的健康。I hope l didnt inure her feelings我希望没有伤害她的感

14、情。Her refusal inured his pride她拒绝了他，伤了他的自尊心。辨析 injure, wound, hurt, harm的区别：injure伤害，损害（感情），损害（名誉）。普通用词，常指各种性质的身体上或精神上的伤害。多指事故中人或物的损伤，包括容貌、生理、身体等。e.g. In the traffic accident, two were killed and three get injured.在交通事故中，两人遇难，三人受伤。He was so injured in his pride that he stayed at home all day without

15、 meeting anyone.他的自尊受到了如此的伤害以至于他成天待在家里，不见外人。wound使受伤，伤害，损害，主要指外界暴力或用武器造成身体上较重的伤害，像刀伤、枪伤、刺伤等。多指战场上受伤，还可以指精神上的创伤。e.g. The soldier was badly wounded in the head.这个士兵头部受了重伤。The bullet wounded his arm.子弹打伤了他的胳膊。hurt伤害（感情）。普通用词，没有injure正式，常用于口语。多用于有生命的东西常指肉体上的伤害，也可以指精神上的痛苦或感情上的伤害。作不及物动词，表“疼痛”。e.g. Luckily

16、 no one was seriously hurt in the car accident.The girl fell off her bike, and one of her legs hurt.harm常用于口语，表示肉体或精神上的伤害均可以，有时可引起不安，不便。e.g. There was a fire in our street, but no one was harmed.Getting up early wont harm you! 早起对你没有害处。9.Newspapers and other media do more than simply record what hap

17、pens.报纸和其他媒介并不仅仅记录已发生的事情。（1） 该句中的do是助动词，起强调作用，用以加强说话者的语气。e.g. Do remember to remind me to return the book I borrowed from you.（2） more than不仅仅；极为，非常；多于；难以；不能e.g. Shes more than a teacher to us.The boy more than smiled but laughed. 这男孩不仅是微笑，而是放声大笑了。We are more than pleased with the results. 我们对结果极为满意

18、。He has more than 300 pictures.This room is three time larger than that one.这个房间比那个房间大两倍。The old man is two times older than I am. 这个老人的年龄比我大一倍。That is more than I can tell. 那是怎么回事我实在难说。more than + 数词，意为“以上；多于；有余”。More than 20 club members attended the meeting有20多个俱乐部成员出席会议。more than+名词，意为“不只；不仅仅”。P

19、eace is much more than the absence Of war和平不仅仅是意味着没有战争。more than+形容词或副词，意为“非常；十分；更加；岂止”。He is more than selfish他非常自私。I am more than happy to hear that听到这我非常高兴。Her performance was more than good；it was perfect她的表演岂止是好，简直是完美无缺。more than + 动词，意为“十分；大大地；He more than smiled；he laughed outright他岂止是微笑，他简直是

20、大笑了。more than”cancould，意为“不能”。The beauty of Hang zhou is more than words can describe杭州之美是语言所不能描述的。Thats more than l can tell you，Sir这一点我是不能告诉您的，先生。10.Experienced editors and reporters make informed decisions about what events to report and how to report them.经验丰富的编辑和记者对于该报道什么事件以及如何报道作出明智的决定。（1） 句中的

21、experienced（富有经验的）和informed（见识广的，有知识的） 都是动词的过去分词作定词，修饰动词。单个的过去分词作定语时，通常放在它所修饰的名词前面。e.g. a fallen tree一棵倒下的树 a broken chair一把破椅子stolen cultural relics被盗的文物（2） informed adj. 明智的，有知识的，了解情况的e.g. He is a well-informed man.他是个消息灵通的人。inform的用法:inform sb. of sth.告知某人某事 inform sb. that/wh-告知某人inform sb.疑问词不定

22、式e.g. The singer informed us of their arrival.歌手们把他们到来的消息告诉了我们。The nurse informed me that visiting hours were over.护士告诉我探病时间已经结束了。Who informed you when to start? 是谁告诉你们出发时间的？11.They also make sure that readers can relate to the stories.他们还要确保报道的内容与读者的生活密切相关。relate v.i. & v.t （和）相关；涉及；把与关联起来e.g. It i

23、s difficult to relate the two cases. 很难把两个案子联系起来。We should learn to relate the results to the causes.我们应该学会把结果与原因联系起来看问题。Light industry is closely related to the peoples life.轻工业与人们的生活有密切的关系。12.The two reporters agreed to switch roles for once and be the interviewees rather than the interviewers in

24、order to let us know about their work and how the news we read in made.两位记者同意交换角色，作一次受访者而不是采访者，让我们了解他们的工作，了解我们读到的新闻是怎样制作和编写出来的。（1） switch v. 转换，改变e.g. He is always switching jobs. 他总变换工作。He switched the recorder to the “off” position.他将录音机拧到“关”的位置。（2） for once 就这（那）一次e.g. For once they broke the rul

25、e.这一次，他们违规了。For once our manager came late. 我们的经理这次来晚了。He beat me for once.他只有一次赢了我。（3）rather than而不是；而没有”rather than很像一个连词，前后常用一种平行结构，即前面用名词，后面也跟名词；前面用动词原形，后也要接动词即要求前后成分要一致。He decided to write to rather than （to） phone.他决定写信而不打电话了。Id like to go there in autumn rather than in summer.我愿意秋天去那里而不愿意夏天去。

26、He was engaging in writing a letter rather than reading a newspaper.他正忙着写信而不是看报纸。He is an artist rather than a politician他是一位艺术家，而不是政治家。The colour seems green rather than blue颜色好像是绿的，不是蓝的。It ought to be you rather than me that sign the letter是你而不是我应该在这封信上签字。，They were screaming rather than singing他们

27、在尖叫，而不是在唱歌。He was engaged in writing rather than reading the newspaper他在忙着写东西。而不是在读报纸。She telephoned rather than wrote她打了电话，而没有写信。I am going to forget the whole affair，rather than cause trouble我打算把整个事情忘掉，而不是打算惹麻烦。rather than后接动词不定式时，可省略不定式符号to.She likes to keep things rather than（to）throw them awayR

28、ather than go there，Id prefer to stay here on my own13.After the interview, the reporter must present the material in an organized way and make sure that the article reflects events and opinions truthfully.采访后，记者一定要提交出组织严密的材料，并确保文章的真实反映事实和舆论。（1） present vt.呈现；描述；介绍；赠送e.g. When will you present your report?你什么时候提出报告？The government presented cars to the hospitals. 政府向医院赠送了一些车。Allow me to present Mr. Brown to you. 请允许我