英语复习材料2docxWord格式.docx

1、8.In many cases, optional subjects other than science are available, such as business studies.9. The young artists parents object to his giving up his day job for fear that he might fail in his quest for fhme.10.Some people think that most pills offer either no real improvement or, at best, only mod

2、erate improvements.第二单元 sectionA1. Charlie Chaplin was bom in a poor area of south London, but in 1913 he left Britain for good2. He revolted against all kinds of human discrimination and sought to establish social justice, democracy and freedom as rights for all human beings.3. The interview was re

3、ally stressful. They were trying to trip me up all the way through4. Recent studies have found that certain smells can bring about extreme psychological changes.5.1 couldnrt remember a fairy story to tell the children, so I madeupone as I went along.6.1 think that the decision was not appropriate to

4、 a degree concerning the undue weight being given to the question of an economic crisis.7. Theyll have to cut the film down一its far too long8. They used to live in a big house with lots of servants, but theyve come down in the world since then.9. Because of the popularity of the region, it is advisa

5、ble to book hotels or campsites in advance.10. There were moments when I wondered: Did she do this on purpose, was it all just a game?第五单元 sectionA1. People refused to talk to him after the scandal and he was discarded （cast out） by society.2. Thoreau didnt require any company. Instead, he had a str

6、ong desire to be left in the hut all alone （all by himself3.On weekends we are usually allowed to go to bed later than usual （stay up late） to watch TV4. Even when he was in primary school, he had a great liking for （was fond of） football.5. The story was so fascinating that she finished reading the

7、 book without a break （at one sitting）.6. The ditches were full of （filled up with） mud and nibbish again after the pouring rain.7. The writer has a high opinion of （speaks highly of） Thoreaus living all by himself at Walden Pond.8. Elizabeth Mowbray, accompanied by her daughter, started the ioumey

8、（set forth） from Framlingham a few weeks later.9. Mr. Wright was questioned in great detail （at length） at the police station, but denied he had anything to do with the murde匚10. WeYe stuck in this place now（for the time being）, and it appears therefs nothing we can do about that.1AAn artist who see

9、ks fame is like a dog chasing his own tail who, when he captures it, does not know what else to do but to continue chasing it.The cruelty of success is that it often leads those who seek such success to participate in their own destruction.”Dont quit your day job!11 is advice frequently given by und

10、erstandably pessimistic family members and friends to a budding artist who is trying hard to succeed.The conquest of fame is difficult at best, and many end up emotionally if not financially bankrupt.Still, impure motives such as the desire for worshipping fans and praise from peers may spur the art

11、ist on.The lure of drowning in fames imperial glory is not easily resistedThose who gain fame most often gain it as a result of exploiting their talent for singing, dancing, painting, or writing, etc.They develop a style that agents market aggressively to hasten popularity, and their ride on the exp

12、ress elevator to the top is a blur.Most would be hard-pressed to tell you how they even got there.Artists cannot remain idle, thoughWhen the performer, painter or writer becomes bored, their work begins to show a lack of continuity in its appeal and it becomes difficult to sustain the attention of t

13、he publicAfter their enthusiasm has dissolved, the public simply moves on to the next flavor of the month.Artists who do attempt to remain current by making even minute changes to their style of writing, dancing or singing, run a significant risk of losing the audiences favor.The public simply disco

14、unts styles other than those for which the artist has become famous.Famous authors1 stylesa Tennessee Williams play or a plot by Ernest Hemingway or a poem by Robert Frost or T.S. Eliot一are easily recognizable.The same is true of painters like Monet, Renoir, or Dali and moviemakers like Hitchcock, F

15、ellini, Spielberg, Chen Kaige or Zhang Yimou.Their distinct styles marked a significant change in form from others and gained them fame and fortune.However, they paid for it by giving up the freedom to express themselves with other styles or forms.Fames spotlight can be hotter than a tropical jungle

16、一a fraud is quickly exposed, and the pressure of so much attention is too much for most to endure.It takes you out of yourself: You must be what the public thinks you are, not what you really are or could be.The performer, like the politician, must often please his or her audiences by saying things

17、he or she does not mean or fully believe.One drop of fame will likely contaminate the entire well of a mans soul, and so an artist who remains true to himself or herself is particularly amazing.You would be hard-pressed to underline many names of those who have not compromised and still succeeded in

18、 the fame game.An example, the famous Irish writer Oscar Wilde, known for his uncompromising behavior, both social and sexual, to which the public objected, paid heavily for remaining tme to himself.The mother of a young man Oscar was intimate with accused him at a banquet in front of his friends an

19、d fans of sexually influencing her son.Extremely angered by her remarks, he sued the young mans mother, asserting that she had damaged his ngoodu name.He should have hired a better attorney, thoughThe judge did not second Wildefs call to have the woman pay for damaging his name, and instead fined Wi

20、ldeHe ended up in jail after refusing to pay, and even worse, was permanently expelled from the wider circle of public favor.When things were at their worst, he found that no one was willing to risk his or her name in his defense.His price for remaining true to himself was to be left alone when he n

21、eeded his fans the mostCuriously enough, it is those who fail that reap the greatest reward: freedom!They enjoy the freedom to express themselves in unique and original ways without fear of losing the support of fans.Failed artists may find comfort in knowing that many great artists never found fame

22、 until well after they had passed away or in knowing that they did not sell out.They may justify their failure by convincing themselves their genius is too sophisticated for contemporary audiences.Single-minded artists who continue their quest for fame even after failure might also like to know that

23、 failure has motivated some famous people to work even harder to succeed.Thomas Wolfe, the American novelist, had his first novel Look Homeward, Angel rejected 39 times before it was finally published.Beethoven overcame his father, who did not believe that he had any potential as a musician, to beco

24、me the greatest musician in the world.And Pestalozzi, the famous Swiss educator in the 19th century, failed at every job he ever had until he came upon the idea of teaching children and developing the fundamental theories to produce a new form of education.Thomas Edison was thrown out of school in t

25、he fourth grade, because he seemed to his teacher to be quite dull.Unfortunately for most people, however, failure is the end of their struggle, not the beginning.I say to those who desperately seek fame and fortune: good luck.But alas, you may find that it was not what you wanted.The dog who catche

26、s his tail discovers that it is only a tail.The person who achieves success often discovers that it does more harm than good.So instead of trying so hard to achieve success, try to be happy with who you are and what you do.Try to do work that you can be proud of.Maybe you wont be famous in your own

27、lifetime, but you may create better artSectionA艺术家追求成名，如同狗自逐其尾，一旦追到手，除了继续追逐不知还能做些什么。成功 之残酷正在于它常常让那些追逐成功者自寻毁灭。对一名正努力追求成功并刚刚崭霜头角的艺 术家，其亲朋常常会建议“正经的饭碗不能丢！他们的担心不无道理。追求出人头地，最乐观 地说也困难重重，许多人到最后即使不是穷困潦倒，也是几近精神崩溃。尽管如此，希望赢得 追星族追捧和同行赞扬Z类的不太纯洁的动机却在激励着他们向前。享受成功的无上光荣，这 种诱惑不是能轻易抵挡的。成名者Z所以成名，大多是因为发挥了自己在歌唱、舞蹈、绘画或 写作等

28、方面的特氏，并能形成自己的风格。为了能迅速走红，代理人会极力吹捧他们这种风格。 他们青云直上的过程让人看不清楚。他们究竟是怎么成功的，大多数人也都说不上来。尽管如 此，艺术家仍然不能闲下來。若表演者、画家或作家感到无聊，他们的作品就难以继续保持以 前的吸引力，也就难以保持公众的注意力。公众的热情消幣以后，就会去追捧下一个走红的人。 有些艺术家为了不落伍，会对他们的写作、跳舞或唱歌的风格稍加变动，但这将冒极大的失宠 的危险。公众对于他们藉以成名的艺术风格以外的任何形式都将不屑一顾。知名作家的文风一 眼就能看出来，如田纳四威廉斯的戏剧、欧内斯特海明威的情节安排、罗伯特弗罗斯特或T.S. 艾略特的诗

29、歌等。同样，像莫奈、雷诺阿、达利这样的画家，希区柯克、费里尼、斯皮尔伯格、 陈凯歌或张艺谋这样的电影制作人也是如此。他们鲜明独特的艺术风格标志着与別人不同的艺 术形式上的重大变革，这让他们名利双收，但也让他们付出了代价，那就是失去了用其他风格 或形式表现自我的自由。名气这盏聚光灯可比热带丛林还要炙热。骗局很快会被揭穿，过多的 关注带來的压力会让大多数人难以承受。它让你失去自我。你必须是公众认町的那个你，而不 是真实的你或是可能的你。艺人，就像政客一样，必须常常说些违心或连自己都不完全相信的 话来取悦听众。一滴名气Z水有可能玷污人的心灵这一整口井，因此一个艺术家若能保持真我, 会格外让人惊叹。你可能答不上来哪些人没有妥协，却仍然在这场名利的游戏中获胜。一个例 子就是爱尔兰著名作家奥斯卡王尔徳，他在社交行为和性行为方而以我行我素而闻名于世。 虽然他的行为遭到公众的反对，却依然故我，他也因此付出了惨痛的代价。在一次宴会上，他 一位密友的母亲当着他的朋友和崇拜者的面，指责他在性方面影响了她的儿子。他听了她的话 以后大为光火，起诉了这个年轻人的母亲，声称她毁了口己的“好名声。但是，他真该请一个 更好的律师。结果是，法官不仅不支持他提出的讣这个女人赔偿他名声损失费的请求，反而对 他本人进行了罚款。他由于拒交罚款最终还被送进了监狱。更糟糕的是，他再也无法获得更多 公众的宠爱。在最糟糕的时候