1、以不发音的字母 e 结尾的单词在词尾直接加 r 或 st 。 nice-nicer-nicest以辅音字母 +y 结尾的词,把 y 变为 i ,再加 er 或 est 。 heavy-heavier-heaviest 重读闭音节,末尾只有一个辅音字母,双写这个辅音字母,再加 er 或 est 。 big-bigger-biggest 部分双音节词和多音节词分别在原级前加 more 构成比较级和 most构成最高级。 slowly-more slowly-most slowly ; beautiful-morebeautiful-most beautiful2)不规则变化的形容词及副词的比较级和
2、最高级原级比较级最高级good/wellbetterbestbad/ill/badworseworstlymany/muchmoremostlessleastfarfartherfarthestfurtherfurthestoldolderoldesteldereldest三、比较级和最高级句型:(1)形容词及副词比较级的句型:1)比较级 than. :比较为。即:“ A 动词形 容词或副词比较级 than B”。两者相比较, A比 B更一些。His brother is younger than I ( me). 他弟弟比我年轻。Beijing is more beautiful than
3、Wuhan. 北京比武汉更漂亮。【注意】 在比较级前有时可加一些修饰语, 如 much, a lot, a little, still, even 等以示强调或加强语气。This box is a little heavier than yours. 这个箱子比你的要稍重一些。This movie is much more interesting than that one. 这部影片比那部有趣得多。2)as. as :和相同。 即: A+动词 +as+形容词或副词 原级+as+B,表示 A和 B两者比较,程度相同,“和相同”。My uncle is as tall as your fathe
4、r. 我叔叔和你父亲一样高。 My dog is as old as that one. 我的狗与那个狗年龄一样大。3)asB 表示 A,B 两者程度A not as形容词或副词原级我叔叔不如你父亲My uncle is not as tall as your father.高。Tom is not as honest as John. 汤姆不如约翰诚实。He can t run as /so fast as you. 他没你跑得快。4)“比较级 + and+ 比较级”或“ more and more + 原级(多音 节词和部分双音节词)”意为“越来越”。Our city is more an
5、d more beautiful. 我们的城市越来越美丽了。More and more countries begin to save the financial crisis. 越来越多的国家开始拯救金融危机。5)“ the + 比较级, the + 比较级”意为“越就越”。 例如:The more you read, the more you know. 你书读得越多,你知 道得就越多。(2)形容词及副词最高级的句型:1) one of the + 最高级 +名词复数,意为“之一”。Lu Xun is one of the greatest writers last century. 鲁迅
6、是上世纪最伟大的作家之一。2)最高级 +of (in/among) ,意为“之中,最”。Of all the movie stars, I think Zhang Ziyi is the best. 在所有的电影明星之中,我认为章子怡是最好的。3)This is / was + 最高级 +名词 +that 定语从句,意为“这是”。This is the worst film that I have seen these years. 这是我这些年来看过的最不好的一部电影。四 . 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级需要注意点:( 1)当比较级后面有 of the two 之类的词语时,比较级前要加定冠
7、词 the 。Lucy is the taller of the twins.Lucy 是双胞胎中比较高的那个。( 2)如果后面接名词时, much more + 不可数名词, many more + 可数名词复数。The farmers have produced much more rice. 这些农夫收了更多的稻谷。( 3)old 的比较级形式有 older 和 elder 。elder 只用于兄弟姐妹 的长幼关系。示距离,而 further 表示更进一步。我没有什么要说的了。the ,但如果最高级前有物主代I have nothing further to say.(5) 形容词最高级
8、前必须加定冠词词、指示代词、名词所有格等修饰时,则不用定冠词我最大的女儿 16 岁My oldest daughter is 16 years old.(6)形容词最高级常与由介词 in 或 of 引导的表示范围的短语连 用。若介词后的名词或代词与句中的主语是同一事物时, 则用 of 短语; 当只说明是在某一空间、时间范围内的比较时,则用 in 短语。This apple is the biggest of all. 在所有的苹果中,这个苹果最大。He is the youngest in his class. 他在他班里年龄最小。(7)形容词最高级前可用序数词限定,共同修饰后面的名词,其 结
9、构为: the+ 序数词 +形容词最高级 +名词。Hainan is the second largest island in China. 海南是中国的第二大岛。(8)形容词最高级的意义还可以用比较级形式表达。常见的有:1) 形容词比较级 +than any other+ 单数名词。This book is more difficult than any other book here.= This book is the most difficult book of all.这些书当中这本最难。2) 形容词比较级 +than the other+ 复数名词。Asia is bigger t
10、han the other continents on the earth. 亚洲是地球上最大的洲。(9)形容词最高级前若有不定冠词 a,这时,它不表示比较,而表 示“非常”的意思。Spring is a best season. 春天是一个非常好的季节。例题讲解写出下列形容词与副词的比较级及最高级形式II.III.用所给词的正确形式填空铁).than John.his group.1.Of the two girls, I find Lucy the (clever) one.2.Gold( 黄金) is (little) useful than iron(3.My sister is tw
11、o years (old) than I.4.The boy is not so (interesting) as his brother.5.Dick sings (well), she sings (well)6.She will be much (happy) in her new house.7.She is (calm) than her friend.8.Lucy is the (outgoing) of the two girls.9.This room is not as (big) as that one.10.He lives (far) away from the sch
12、ool than I do11.Tom is (tall) of the three.12.Li Lei is (young) boy in his class.13.I think English is (interesting) of allthe subjects .14.David has (many) story books of all thestudents.15.Li Lei speaks English (well) in16.Lucy runs (slow) in her class.17.This is (difficult) book in my bag.18.Whic
13、h is (far) of the three places?19.The Changjiang River is one of (long) rivers in the world.20.Which city is (beautiful), Xi an, Beijingor Nanjing?IV.句型转换,每空一词。1.Basketball is more popular than football in the USA. ( 改为同义句 )Football is popular as basketball in theUSA.2.Tom is tall. Jim is short.( 合并
14、为一句 )Tom is Jim.3.Mike is not as quiet as his brother.( 改为同义句 )Mike s brother is Mike.4.I m athletic. He s athletic, too. ( 合并为一句 )I am he is.5.My dictionary isn t so thick as yours.My dictionary is than yours.课堂练习专项训练 ( 形容词比较级和最高级 )1写出下列形容词的比较级和最高级。old far earlydelicious short latelittle fat redhap
15、py brave young 2用所给词的适当形式填空。(1) Li Ming is (young) boy in his class.(2) Daniel has (many) story books ofall the(3) Lucy speaks English _ (well) in his class.(4) He lives _(far) than any other studentin yourclass.(5) She has the (pretty) house in this area.(6) Who runs _(fast) of all?(7) Tom is one o
16、f (short) boys in our class.(8) Which is (interesting), science, Chinese orEnglish?3.选择填空(1). Arts is more popular than .A.any other subject B. all the subjects C. any subject D. other subject(2). China is larger than in Asia .A. any other country B. other countries C. the other countryD. any countr
17、y(3). Kate is stronger and taller than in his class.A. any other girl B. any girls C. any girl D. othergirl(4). When winter comes, it gets .A. warm and warm B. colder and colderC. warmer and warmer D. shorter and shorter(5) Gradually, students in our class came to likedoing sports.A. more and more B
18、. much and much C. many and manyD. less and least(6). At last he began to work .A. hard and hard B. more hard and more hardC. harder and harder D. less hard and less harder(7). When spring comes the days get and nights .A. short long B. long short C. longer shorter D.shorter longer(8). Which city is
19、 , Beijing, Shanghai or Guangzhou?A. beautiful B. more beautifulC. much more beautiful D. the most beautiful(9). Which month is , October, November or December?A. cold B. colder C. coldest D. the coldest(10). I am twenty, Miles is twenty-one, Joe is twenty-five. So Joe is the of the three.A. old B.
20、older C. oldest D. the oldestV.完成句子,每空一词。1.我的哥哥比你高。My brother is you.2.他不如他的弟弟外向。He isn t his brother.3.我想我比杰克高一点。I think I am than Jack.4.春天来了,天气越来越暖和了。Spring is coming, it gets .5.你学习越努力,成绩就会越好。 you study, grades you will get.6.那个短发的女孩是我们班最高的。The girl with short hair is in our7.今天是一年中最热的一天。Today i
21、s day of the year.8.中国第二大城市是哪座城市?Which is inChina?9.他的房间是三个中最干净的一个。His room is of the three.10.长江是世界上最长的河流之一。The Yangtze River is in the world.课堂小结一、 形容词和副词比较级、最高级的变化规则 (1)规则变化的形容词及副词的比较级和最高级 A. 一般在词尾直接加 er 或 est 。B.以不发音的字母 e 结尾的单词在词尾直接加 r 或 st 。C.以辅音字母 +y 结尾的词,把 y 变为 i ,再加 er 或 est 。D.重读闭音节,末尾只有一个辅
22、音字母,双写这个辅音字母,再 加 er 或 est 。E.部分双音节词和多音节词分别在原级前加 more 构成比较级和most 构成最高级。、 比较级和最高级句型:“ A 动词 形容词或副词比较级 than B”。两者相 A+动词 +as+形容词或副 词原级 +as+B,表示 A和 B 两者比较,程度相同, “和相同” 比较, A比 B 更一些。3)A not as 形容词或副词原级 asB 表示 A,B 两者 程度不同,即“ A 不如 B 那么”。4)“比较级 + and+ 比较级”或“ more and more + 原级(多 音节词和部分双音节词) ”意为“越来越” 。5 )“ the
23、+ 比较级, the + 比较级”意为“越就越” 。1) one of the + 最高级 +名词复数,意为“之一” 。2)最高级 +of (in/among) ,意为 “之中, 最”。3)This is / was + 最高级 +名词 +that 定语从句,意为“这 是最”。(3)形容词和副词的比较级和最高级需要注意点:( 1)当比较级后面有 of the two 之类的词语时,比较级前要加 定冠词 the 。(3)old 的比较级形式有 older 和 elder 。 elder 只用于兄弟姐 妹的长幼关系。( 4)far 的比较级形式有 farther 和 further 。一般 far
24、ther 表 示距离,而 further 表示更进一步。(5) 形容词最高级前必须加定冠词 the ,但如果最高级前有物主 代词、指示代词、名词所有格等修饰时,则不用定冠词。(6) 形容词最高级常与由介词 in 或 of 引导的表示范围的短语 连用。若介词后的名词或代词与句中的主语是同一事物时,则用 of 短语;当只说明是在某一空间、时间范围内的比较时,则用 in 短语。(7) 形容词最高级前可用序数词限定,共同修饰后面的名词,其 结构为: the+ 序数词 +形容词最高级 +名词 2) 形容词比较级 +than the other+ 复数名词。(9)形容词最高级前若有不定冠词 a,这时,它不
25、表示比较,而表示“非常”的意思VI.单项选择。1. Water pollution is one of in our country.A. serious problem B. the more serious problemsC. most serious problems D. the most serious problems2.Of all the students in our class, Jack is .A. taller B. tallest C. the tallest D. verytall3.This is book in our library.A. the most
26、 interesting B. most interesting C. the interesting D. more interesting4.I think the song in the film “ Titanic ” is one of all the movie songs.A. the most beautiful B. most beautiful C. a beautiful D. much more beautiful5.Mr. Smith thought the Century Park was the second in Shanghai.A. large B. lar
27、ger C. largest D. very large 课后练习一、选择题1) - Are you feeling ?- Yes , Im fine now.A. any well B. any better C. quite goodD.quite better2) The experiment was easier than we had expected.英译汉1. drug 3. during 5. European 7. eighth 9. either 11. engineer 13. especially 15. everywhere 17. hometown 19. however 2. en
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