版高考英语一轮复习Unit3Understandingeachother讲义牛津译林版Word格式文档下载.docx

1、2expectation n. 期望，盼望3familiar adj. 通晓；熟悉4ensure vt. 保证，担保，确保5account n纵联3 描述，叙述；账目6alike adj.adv.纵联4 相像，十分相似 十分相像地；同样地7throughout prep.& adv. 自始至终；贯穿整个时期；各处， 遍及8retell vt. 复述，转述9hug vt.& vi.& n. 拥抱，抱紧10wedding n. 婚礼11reception n. 招待会；接待；接受12gesture n. 手势；姿势；示意动作13plain n. 平原adj. 清楚的，明显的；坦诚的；朴素的14my

2、sterious adj. 神秘的，奇怪的.拓展单词通其变1greet vt.和某人打招呼（或问好）greeting n招呼；问候；问候语2congratulate vt.向（某人）道贺，祝贺congratulation n祝贺；贺词3permit vt.& vi.允许，准许 n许可证permission n允许，许可4prohibit vt.（尤指以法令）禁止prohibition n禁止；禁令5religion n宗教religious adj.宗教的；虔诚的6accustomed adj.习惯于；惯常的accustom vt.使习惯于7celebration n庆典；庆祝活动celebr

3、ate v庆祝8slight adj.轻微的slightly adv.轻微地；稍微地9bravery n勇敢brave adj.勇敢的bravely adv.勇敢地；极好地10govern vt.统治；控制，支配governor n主管人员；统治者government n政府 11musical adj.音乐的 n音乐剧music n音乐，乐曲纵联1.打入“犯罪”团伙offence n. 冒犯，犯罪crime n. 违法行为或罪行criminal n. 罪犯guilt n. 犯罪，有罪纵联2.“adj.ityn.”荟萃popularity 受欢迎；流行reality 现实similarity

4、相似点security 安全majority 大多数minority 少数纵联3.拜访“金融”部落account 账目；账户budget 预算（案）capital 资金；资本cheque 支票interest 利息finance 财政，金融纵联4.“相似”词有哪些？resemble vt. 与相似similar adj. 相似的equally adv. 同样地identically adv. 相等地alike adj. 相像，十分相似 adv. 同样地；十分相像地单元话题文化差异子话题1外在表现barrier n. 障碍controversial adj. 有争议的，有争论的collision

5、 n. 碰撞；冲突；（意见、看法的）抵触crisis n. 危机dilemma n. 困境，窘境；进退两难complicated adj. 难懂的，复杂的conflict n. 冲突misunderstand vt. 误会子话题2影响与反应implication n. 牵连，卷入essential adj. 基本的，必要的fundamental adj. 基本的，根本的embarrassing adj. 令人尴尬的condemn vt. 谴责，声讨appropriate adj. 适当的；恰当的communication n. 交流cooperation n. 合作forgive and fo

6、rget 既往不咎，尽释前嫌学考对接活学活用高考采撷（一）阅读中的词汇应用1（2017全国卷阅读C）Inventors have been trying to make flying cars since the 1930s, according to Robert Mann, an airline industry expert. But Mann thinks Terrafugia has come closer than anyone to making the flying car a reality. The government has already permitted the

7、company _ （use） special materials to make it easier for the vehicle to fly. The Transition is now going through crash tests to make sure it meets federal safety standards.用所给词的适当形式填空：to_use；“允许某人做某事”的表达为permit_sb._to_do_sth.或者permit_ones_doing_sth.用本单元词汇替换加黑短语：ensure2（2015四川高考阅读B）Determined, Dad fil

8、led our plates with _ （steam） stew and passed them around. It didnt look that bad, and after the first wave had shut down my ability to smell, it didnt offend the nose so much, either. I took a taste. It would never win a prize in a cooking competition， but it was surprisingly edible, and we drank u

9、p every last drop of soup!steaming；本句中短语fill .with .意为“用装满”，常用其被动结构：be_filled_with，同义短语为：be_full_of写出加黑词在本单元的同根名词：offence写出本单元中与加黑词汇后缀相同的单词：reception,_celebration高考采撷（二）写作中的词汇应用（根据汉语及提示词翻译句子）江苏高考书面表达）新技术的应用以及影星的巨大魅力也能解释这种增长。（account）The_application_of_new_technologies_and_the_wide_appeal_of_movie_st

10、ars_could_also_account_for_the_increase.2（2016浙江高考书面表达）当她即将出发时，一个熟悉的影子突然出现在她的视线中。（familiar）A_familiar_shadow_suddenly_came_into_her_sight_when_she_was_about_to_set_off. （二）课堂重点释疑1ensure vt.& n保证；担保 记牢ensure sth. 保证某事ensure sb. sth. 保证/确保某人（得到）某物ensure sb. from/against . 保护某人免受的伤害ensure that .make su

11、re that . 确保/保证练通 句型转换The teachers spared no effort to ensure an equal chance to all students.The teachers spared no effort to ensure that all students had an equal chance.The teachers spared no effort to make sure that all students had an equal chance. 完成句子We must ensure_our_children_against contam

12、ination by bad ideas.我们必须保护我们的孩子免受坏思想的侵蚀。To_ensure_food_safety,_the government has promised to reduce the amount of chemicals used in food production.为了确保食品安全，政府已经承诺减少生产食品时所用化学物质的数量。写美（2015陕西高考书面表达）我保证我绝对不会辜负你的期望。I_ensure_that_I_can_perfectly_live_up_to_your_expectations.2congratulate vt.向（某人）道贺，祝贺（

13、1）congratulate sb. on/upon （doing） sth. 祝贺某人（做了）某事congratulate oneself （on sth.） （因成就或成功）为自己感到骄傲或自豪（2）congratulation n. 祝贺；（复数）贺词（send/offer） congratulations to sb. on sth. 祝贺某人某事Congratulations! 恭喜！ 单句语法填空/单句改错I want to express my sincere congratulations （congratulate） on your doing so well in the

14、exam.She congratulated him on the birth of his son.You can congratulate you on having done an excellent job.第二个youyourself 一句多译我一定得祝贺你荣任经理之职。I must congratulate_you_on your appointment as a manager. （congratulate）I must offer/send_my_congratulations_to_you_on your appointment as a manager.（congratul

15、ation）辨清congratulate“祝贺；道贺”，只能用人作宾语，若要表明所祝贺的事情，后面要用on/upon连接，构成congratulate sb. on/upon sth.celebrate举行仪式、典礼的“庆祝”，只能用事（节日、胜利、成功等）作宾语（2017天津高考书面表达）我为自己成为8月底在天津举办的第13届全运会的志愿者而感到自豪。I_congratulate_myself_on_being_a_volunteer_of_the_13th_National_Games_held_in_Tianjin_at_the_end_of_August. vi.允许，准许n.许可证（

16、1）permit （doing） sth. 允许（做）某事permit sb. （to do） sth. 允许某人（做）某事time/weather permittingif time/weather permits 时间/天气允许的话（2）a drivers/driving permit 驾驶执照（3）permission n. 允许；许可without permission 未经许可ask for permission 请求允许 单句语法填空Employees are permitted to_use （use） the golf course during their free hour

17、s.You should know that no photos are to be taken of the exhibits without permission （permit）The rules of the school do not permit parking （park） near the school gate. 单句改错Time permitted, I may go hiking with my friends.permittedpermittingYoure not allowed to drive if you dont have a permission. perm

18、issionpermitIf weather permits, we will go on an outing to the beach tomorrow.Weather permitting,_we will go on an outing to the beach tomorrow.用准permit 充当名词时为可数名词，意为“许可证”；permission 为不可数名词，意为“许可”。（2017浙江高考书面表达）如果天气允许的话，我们将在树林里野餐。Well_have_a_picnic_in_the_woods,_weather_permitting/if_weather_permits

19、.联想动词permit 的常见用法为permit doing sth./sb. to do sth.，其他用法类似的动词还有：allow, forbid, advise, encourage等。4prohibit vt.（尤指以法令）禁止，不准；阻止（1）prohibit （doing） sth. 禁止（做）某事prohibit sb.s doing sth./prohibit sb. from doing sth. 禁止某人做某事（2）prohibition n. 禁止，阻止；a prohibition on/against 的禁令练通单句语法填空Traffic regulations pr

20、ohibit people from riding bicycles on the sidewalk.We prohibit smoking （smoke） in the office during working hours.There is a prohibition on/against tobacco advertising in newspapers and magazines.（2009广东高考书面表达）我认为有必要禁止游客与动物拍照，从而为它们提供一个舒适的生活环境。I_think_it_necessary_to_prohibit_tourists_taking_pictures

21、_with_animals,_making_a_comfortable_environment_for_them_to_live.联想“禁止/阻止某人做某事”的表达还有：discourage sb. from doing sth. ban sb. from doing sth.prevent sb. （from） doing sth.keep sb. from doing sth.forbid sb. from doing sth. stop sb.（from） doing sth.5adjust vi.& vt.适应，习惯；辨清写出下列句中adjust的含义First adjust the

22、height of the bicycle saddle properly. 调节，调整I think that you will quickly adjust to them although the weather and the food are different from yours. 适应（1）adjust to （doing） sth. 适应（做）某事adjust oneself to 使自己适应于adjust sth. to 调整某物以适应（2）adjustment n. 调整；调节；适应make an adjustment/adjustments to 对作出调整（3）adj

23、ustable adj. 可调整的，可调节的 用adjust的适当形式填空All the new chairs are adjustable,_which can be_adjusted to the height of the individual student. In addition, the adjustment is very easy to operate. It only takes you a short while to_adjust to using it. She must adjust her to new conditions.herherselfMy parent

24、s had trouble adjusting to live in an apartment.livelivingHe will have to make_major_adjustments_to_his_thinking if he is to survive in office.要想保住工作，他就必须在观念上作出重大的改变。（2018北京高考书面表达）这样，你可以使自己很快适应北京的生活。That_way,_you_may_adjust_yourself_to_the_life_here_in_Beijing_soon.惯常的（1）be accustomed to （doing） sth

25、. be used to （doing） sth. 习惯（做）某事（表状态）get/become accustomed to （doing） sth. get/become used to （doing） sth. 习惯（做）某事（表动作）（2）accustom vt. 使习惯于accustom oneself to （doing） sth. 使自己习惯于（做）某事As we all know, English people are accustomed/used to driving （drive） on the left.To breathe in more fresh air, you

26、must accustom yourself （you） to getting up early.Accustomed（accustom）to living in the countryside, I found it hard to live in the city. We had to get used to the new working conditions.We had to accustom ourselves to the new working conditions.We had to get/become accustomed to the new working condi

27、tions.用准短语be/become/get accustomed to中的to是介词，其后需要跟名词、代词或动词ing形式。（2014天津高考书面表达）你将度过一段美好的时光，并且不久就会习惯这里的生活。You_will_have_a_good_time_and_get_accustomed_to_the_life_here_soon.7familiar adj.通晓；be familiar with . 精通，熟悉be familiar to sb. 为某人所熟悉练通句型转换They are not familiar with charity work, which is still a

28、t an early stage in China.Charity work, which is still at an early stage in China, is not familiar to them.The city is quite familiar to him because he is a native of it.He is quite familiar with the city because he is a native of it.用准be familiar to的主语可以是人，也可以是物，宾语通常是人；be familiar with的主语只能是人，宾语是所熟悉的内容或物。（2015天津高考书面表达）我相信这些捐赠的图