最新人教新目标英语八年级上册 Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation单元知识归纳文档格式.docx

1、充分的decide v. 决定；选定try v& n. 尝试；设法；努力dislike v&n. 不喜爱；厌恶P14把握句型1.I felt like I was a bird.我感觉像是一只鸟。feel like后接的是宾语从句。2I wonder what life was like here in the past.我很想知道过去这儿的生活是什么样的。注意wonder的用法。3What a difference a day makes!一天的差别有多大！注意感叹句。4And because of the bad weather，we couldnt see anything below.

2、因为这恶劣天气，我们看不到下面的任何景色。注意because of的运用。熟悉语法学习不定代词的用法。规则动词和不规则动词的过去式。学会交际学会询问度假情况的交际用语。写作练笔记叙假期发生的事情。课文翻译Section A 2dRick：Hi，Helen. Long time no see.Helen：Hi，Rick. Yes，I was on vacation last month.Oh，did you go anywhere interesting?Yes，I went to Guizhou with my family.Wow！Did you see Huangguoshu Waterf

3、all?Yes，I did. It was wonderful！We took quite a few photos there. What about you？Did you do anything special last month?Not really.I just stayed at home most of the time to read and relax.,里克：你好，海伦。很长时间没有见面了。海伦：你好，里克。是的，我上个月在度假。噢，你去了什么有趣的地方吗？是的，我和我家人去了贵州。哇！你看到黄果树瀑布了吗？是的，看到了。太壮观了！我们在那儿拍了许多照片。你呢？上个月你做

4、了什么特殊的事情吗？没有。大多数时间我只是待在家中读书、休息。知识详解1Did you go with anyone？你和别人去的吗？【解读】anyone pron. 任何人，它是复合不定代词。可用于肯定句。Anyone can come here to have the party.任何人都可以来这儿参加宴会。【拓展】（1）表示“某人”，常用于否定句、疑问句及条件句。（2）用作主语，谓语动词用单数；若需用代词代替，可用单数he，him或复数they，them均可。（3）被形容词修饰时，形容词应置于其后。I can do it if anybody can.如果有谁能干这事，我也能。If an

5、yone comes，ask him （them） to wait.要是有人来，让他（他们）等着。Did you see anyone interesting?你见过有趣的人吗？【例1】 Can _ think of a way to get money?Asomeone Bany oneCsome one Danyone点拨：本句是一般疑问句，故排除A、C两项；any one后接of短语，故也排除。句意为“有谁能想出一个得到钱的方法吗？”答案：D【例2】 I didnt meet _ there.Asomeone important Banyone importantCimportant s

6、omeone Dimportant anyone浏览题干可知是否定句，故用anyone。形容词修饰anyone时，应放在后面。故选B项。B2.We took quite a few photos there.我们在那儿拍了许多照片。【解读】quite a few 相当多；不少，修饰可数名词复数，表示肯定意义。I have quite a few friends here.我在这儿有相当多的朋友。There are quite a few books on the shelf.书架上有不少书。【辨析】quite a few，quite a little，few，little（1）quite a

7、few同上。（2）quite a little 相当多；不少，修饰不可数名词，表示肯定意义。Theres quite a little water in the bottle.瓶子里有很多水。（3）few 几乎没有，表示否定意义，修饰可数名词复数。Few people know him in the city.在这个城市很少有人认识他。（4）little 几乎没有，表示否定意义，修饰不可数名词。s little time left.几乎没有时间了。【例1】 Therere _ interesting places in China.Aquite a few Bquite a littleCfe

8、w Dlittle根据places是可数名词复数可知用few短语；再根据句意“在中国有有趣的地方”表示肯定，故选A项。句意为“中国有许多有趣的地方”。A【例2】 Sorry，I can give only _ water to you.Aa few Ba littleCfew Dlittle首先water是不可数名词，故用little 短语；根据题干中的only可知表示“有点”，故用a little。句意为“很抱歉，我只能给你一点水”。3.I just stayed at home most of the time to read and relax.大多数时间我只是待在家中读书、休息。【解读

9、】most adj.，adv. & pron.最多；（1）most 可以用作代词，意为“大部分；大多数”。Most of the students in our class like English.我们班大多数学生喜欢英语。（2）most可以用作副词，意为“最大；最高”。This is the most difficult problem of the three.这是三个问题中最难的一个。（3）most用作形容词，意为“大多数的；大部分的”。Most children like playing football very much.大部分的孩子非常喜欢踢足球。（4）most可以是many和

10、much的最高级，表示最多的。He has the most friends in our class.在我们班里，他的朋友最多。He owns the most money among my friends.在我的朋友中，他的钱最多。【例1】 _ dont like their children to play computer games too much.Amost parents Bmost of the parentsCMost parents DMost of the parent根据开头单词首字母要大写，排除A、B两项；D项中的parent应用复数形式，故排除。句意为“大多数家长

11、不喜欢他们的孩子玩电脑游戏太多”。C【例2】 根据汉语意思完成下列句子我最需要她的帮助。I need her help _.我总是花大部分时间来学习英语。I always spend _ _ _ English.mostmost time learning4Still no one seemed to be bored.仍然没人看上去无聊。【解读】seem v. 好像；（1）seemadj./n.似乎是Lucy seems quite happy.露西似乎很高兴。It seems a good idea.似乎是一个好主意。（2）seemto do sth.好像Group 2 seemed to

12、 win the match.二组好像赢了比赛。（3）It seems that.好像，可以与seem to do sth.互相转换。His temperature seems to be all right.It seems that his temperature is all right.他的体温好像很正常。【解读】bored adj. 厌倦的；通常用来形容人。I feel bored to read this kind of book.我读这种书感到无聊。boring 也是形容词，意为“无聊的；令人厌烦的”，通常用来形容物。This kind of book is so boring.

13、这类书如此无聊。【例1】 The old man _ to have known the good news.Aneeds BwantsCseems DsoundsA项意为“需要”；B项意为“想要”；C项意为“好像”；D项意为“听起来”。根据句意“这位老人好像知道了这个好消息。”可知应该选C项。【例2】 He seems to be ill.（改为同义句） He seems _.It _ that he _ ill.ill；seems；is【例3】 He is so_ to see the_ book.Abored；bored Bboring；boredCbored；boring Dborin

14、g；boring第一空是形容人，用bored，第二空修饰物，用boring，故选C项。不定代词一、概念不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫不定代词。二、常见的不定代词some 一些somebody 某人someone 某人something 某事any 一些；任何anybody 任何人anyone 任何人anything任何事no 无nobody 无人no one 无人nothing 无物every 每个everybody 每人；大家；人人everyone 每人everything 每件事；一切all 全体；全部both 两个（都）none 没人或物（指两个以上）neither 没人或物（指

15、两个当中）either 任何一个（指两个当中）each每个other（s） 另一个（些）another 另外一个；又一个much 很多many很多few几乎没有a few一些；几个little 几乎没有a little 少数几个【例1】 Who helped you repair your bike?_！I repaired it all by myself.AAnybody BEverybodyCSomebody DNobody根据答语“我自己修的”可知是“没人”，故D项正确。句意为“谁帮你修的自行车？没人。我自己修的”。【例2】 Make sure youve got the ticket

16、s and guidebooks and _before you leave.Asomething B anythingCeverything Dnothing句意为“确保你离开前，带好票、指南以及所有的东西”，故C项正确。【例3】 She has written a lot of books，but_ are good ones.Aany BsomeCfew Dmany根据but可知前后意思表示转折，“她已经写了许多书”，但是“几乎没有好的”，故选C项。三、不定代词的用法要注意1some系列的词项是肯定词，主要用于肯定句；any系列的词项是非肯定词，主要用于疑问句、否定句或条件状语从句中。它

17、们都既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词。There is something wrong with her.她生病了。There isnt anyone in the classroom.教室里没有人。Is there any meat in the kitchen?厨房里还有肉吗？【注意】在Would you like sth.？之类的问句中用some，不用any。2由some，any，no，every构成的复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。Everyone in China likes the Spring Festival.在中国，人人都喜欢春节。3形容词修饰不定代词时

18、，通常放在不定代词的后面。Please do something special.请做些特别的事情吧。4几组不定代词的区别：（1）both，either，neither这三个词都指两者，both表示“两者都”，either表示“两者中的任何一个”，neither表示“两者都不”。Which do you like better，tea or coffee?你更喜欢哪个，茶还是咖啡？Neither，I like water better.两者都不，我更喜欢水。（2）a few；few；a little；littlea few，few用来修饰可数名词，a little，little用来修饰不可数名

19、词。其中a few，a little表示肯定，意为“有一些”；few，little表示否定，意为“几乎没有”。quite a few和quite a little意为“相当多”；very few和very little意为“很少”。There is a little milk left in the bottle.在瓶子里有点剩余的牛奶。There is little milk left in the bottle.瓶子里几乎没有牛奶了。There are quite a few apples in the store.在商店里有相当多的苹果。【例4】 What else do you wan

20、t?_else. I think I have got everything now.ASomething BEverythingCNothing DAnything根据答语“我认为现在我准备好了一切”可知“没什么其他的”，故选C项。【例5】 The books are so nice，which one can I take?Oh，you can take _ of them. Ill keep none.Aboth Ball Cneither Deither根据答语中的none可知表示三者或三者以上，故排除A、C、D三项。句意为“这些书这么好，我可以拿哪本？哦，你可以都拿走。我一本也不要”

21、。【例6】 Do you have any water?Yes，I have _in my glass.Alittle Bfew Ca few Da little根据water是不可数名词，故排除修饰可数名词的B、C两项；答语是肯定的，故选D项。【例7】 My sister has two skirts. One is yellow，_is black.Aother Banother Cothers Dthe other根据题干可知“两件裙子中的另一件”用the other表示。故选D项。【例8】 Would you like some bread or cookies?_，thanks. I

22、 dont have any food before going to bed.ANone BEitherCNeither Dboth根据问句的“面包和甜饼”可知表示两者，排除A项；答语“我在上床前不吃任何食物”，故“两者都不要”，选C项。（3）none，no onenone表示对三个或三个以上的人或事物的否定，意为“没有什么人”或“没有什么东西”，用作主语和宾语，后面可以接of短语。How many books are there on the desk?桌子上有多少书？None.一本也没有。no one意为“无一人，没有人”，仅指人（nobody），常用来回答who的提问。Who is i

23、n your room?谁在你的房间里？No one.没人。（4）many，muchmany修饰可数名词，much修饰不可数名词。He has collected many stamps in ten years time.十年间他收集了许多邮票。This coat costs much money and I cant afford it.这件大衣太贵了，我买不起。【例9】 How many people are there in the hall?_.They all go home.ANo one BNoneCNobody DEverybody问句是以how many引导的特殊疑问句，答

24、语通常用none；此处指“没有一个人”。【例10】 A smile costs nothing，but gives so _.Alittle BfewCmany Dmuchbut表示转折，前半句意为“一个微笑不花钱”，故后半句“但是给予那么多”，故选D项。Section B & Self CheckSection B 2bDid Jane have a good time on Monday？What about on Tuesday?Monday，July 15thI arrived in Penang in Malaysia this morning with my family.It w

25、as sunny and hot，so we decided to go to the beach near our hotel.My sister and I tried paragliding.I felt like I was a bird. It was so exciting！For lunch，we had something very special Malaysian yellow noodles. They were delicious！In the afternoon，we rode bicycles to Georgetown.There are a lot of new

26、 buildings now，but many of the old buildings are still there. In Weld Quay，a really old place in Georgetown，we saw the houses of the Chinese traders from 100 years ago.I wonder what life was like here in the past. I really enjoyed walking around the town.Tuesday，July 16thWhat a difference a day make

27、s！My father and I decided to go to Penang Hill today. We wanted to walk up to the top，but then it started raining a little so we decided to take the train.We waited over an hour for the train because there were too many people. When we got to the top，it was raining really hard. We didnt have an umbrella so we were wet and cold. It was terrible！And be