1、答案:A4(桂林部分学校高三质量检测)The wet weather will continue tomorrow,when a cold front_to arrive.Awill be expected Bis expectingCexpects Dis expected考查动词的时态和语态。预计将有一股冷锋到来,因此潮湿的天气明天将会继续。a cold front与expect之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,expect是发生在现在的动作,要用一般现在时,故选D项。D5The affairs of each country should be by its own people.Aelected
2、 BsettledCdeveloped Dcontained【答案】B【解析】考查动词。各国事务应由自己国家的人们解决。由句意可知,选settle,意为“解决”。elect选举;develop 发展;contain 包含,控制。故选B。6The manager has come back from his business trip. He is asking you for the report. Oh,my god ! I havent finished it yet. But he _ back at the company tomorrow.Awas expected Bwill ex
3、pectCexpected Dwill be expected试题分析:考查时态和语态。经理出差回来了。他正在问你要报告。哦,天哪,我还没完成呢。但是本来预计他明天回公司。根据语境,是过去预料他明天会回来,而且经理是被预计,故用一般过去时的被动。【名师点睛】时态的考查要根据本句的句意,这句话一定要根据上下文判断动作发生的时间,要细心体会语境。还要注意时态语态。考查时态和语态7Later Mrs Smith decided to buy that kind of cloth because she_ that the cloth _very well.Ahas been told; washes
4、 Bhad been told; washedCwas told; was washed Dhad been told; was washed考查时态与感官动词。主句时态为过去时,而从句时态发生在主句之前,即过去的过去,故用过去完成时。像feel, smell, look, wash等表示感官的动词不用被动语态,直接用主动语态,结合前面时态可知,应选washed。句意: 随后史密斯夫人决定买那种布,因为有人告诉她那种布很好洗。8If we had taken such effective measures much earlier, the river so seriously now.Ais
5、 not polluted Bwould not be pollutedChad not been polluted Dwould not have been polluted选B句意:如果我们早采取有力措施,现在河水就不会污染这么严重。主句表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气,用would加动词原形。9Do you know why a meeting by the middle school teachers last Sunday?To demand smaller classes of no more than 25 to 30 students in each class.Awas held
6、 Bhad been heldChas held Dheld【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。meeting是hold逻辑上的宾语,故用被动语态,再由时间状语last Sunday可知用一般过去时。你知道为什么上星期日中学老师召开会议吗?要求更小班,每个班不超过25-30个学生。10Local governments to strengthen water transport safety management recent fatal accidents.Aare urging, followed Bare being urged, followingCare urged, to follow
7、Durge, being followed【解析】考查谓语动词的时态及语态。最近接连发生的致命事故敦促地方政府加强水路运输安全管理。urge sb. to do sth.,为固定搭配。 “敦促某人做某事”。分析句意可知是事故促使政府加强管理。因此政府与敦促是被动关系,故A与D是错误的。事件已发生了故不能用to follow作定语, following,后面的,其次的,下列的。因此要用B。11Only by increasing the number of doctors by 50 percent _ properly in this hospital.Acan be the patients
8、 treatedBthe patients can be treatedCcan the patients be treatedDtreated can be the patients【答案】C考查部分倒装。只有增加50%的医生,这个医院的病人才能得到恰当的医治。“only状语”放于句首时句子须用部分倒装,故选C项。考点 : 考查部分倒装12No decision _A_ about any future appointment until all the candidates have been interviewed.Awill be made Bis madeCis being made
9、 Dhas been made考查时态,主语是decision和动词make是动宾关系,所以用被动式,因为后面的句子about any future appointment可以知道动作未发生,所以用将来时,句子意思“关于未来会议没有做出任何决定直到所有的报考者已经被采访”,所以选A考查时态点评:做时态题时,首先看时间状语,由时间状语来确定句子的时态;如果没有时间状语,可以根据隐含的意思来确定句子时态。13I saw Jack in the lift this morning. He around here for a long time.Awont be seen Bwasnt seenCha
10、snt been seen Dhadnt been seen【详解】考查过去完成时态的被动语态。今天早上我在电梯里看见杰克。他好久没在这附近露面了。根据this morning可知这是过去的事情;再根据for a long time可知此空是更靠前的动作,且句子主语He和see之间是一种被动关系,所以用过去完成时态,故选D。14I intend to buy that kind of clothes because I _ that they _ well.Ahave told; wash Bhave been told; wash washed Dhave been told; are wa
11、shed考察时态。根据题意,我想买那种衣服,因为有人告诉过我他们洗起来不错。可知从句内容为过去已经完成的动作,故用过去完成时态。他们洗起来不错则是一个客观存在的事实,过去存在,现在及将来都会存在,故用一般现在时态。选B。15I want to buy that kind of cloth because I _ the cloth _ well.Ahave told;washes Bhave been told;washesCwas told;washed Dhave been told;is washed考查语态时态。因为我已经被告知这种布料很好洗,于是我想去买这种布。第一空中使用现在完成时
12、表示过去发生的事情对现在的影响,且I与tell是被动关系,所以使用现在完成时的被动形式。第二空中动词wash与副词well连用,用主动形式表示被动含义。故B项正确。【点睛】小题2中考查了主动表示被动的用法,涉及“主语+不及物动词+主语补语”句型中的一些不及物动词使用主动表示被动的用法。具体用法如下:1)系动词没有被动形式,但有些系动词常表示被动意义。常见的有taste(吃起来),sound(听起来),prove(证明是),feel(摸上去感到)等,例如:Yourreasonsoundsreasonable. 你的理由听起来很合理。Goodmedicinetastesbittertothemou
13、th.良药苦口。2)一些与cant(不能)或wont(不会)连用的动词。常用的有:lock(锁住),shut(关上),open(打开,营业),close(关门),cut(切割),weigh(重),act(上演),例如:Thedoorwontopen.这门打不开。Itcantmove.它不能动。Thisshopopensmuchearlierthanitusedto.Eachstoneweighs2tons.3)一些与well(很),easily(容易地),perfectly(十分地)等连用的动词,如:sell,wash,clean,burn,cook,wash,write,last,read,
14、wear等。这种“动词+副词”结构,常表示事物内部特有的属性。例如:Thebooksellswell. 这种书很畅销。Theseclotheswashwell.这些衣服很耐洗。4)用在“主语+不及物动词+主语补语”句型中的一些不及物动词,Thismaterialhaswornthin.这料子已磨薄了。 Thedusthasblownintothehouse.灰尘被风吹进了房子。Thiskindofclothwasheswellandlastslong. Thepenmyfathergavemeasabirthdaygiftwritessmoothly. WritteninsimpleEngli
15、sh,thisarticlereadseasily.5)某些不及物动词,如happen,occur,cost以及短语,如comeout(出版),comeup(出现),comeintobeing(产生)cometoonesmind(想起),turnout(证明是),comeabout(发生),breakout(爆发),belongto(属于)等,本身表被动含义,所以它们常用主动形式。ThefirsttextbookswrittenforteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe18thcentury.Suddenlyanideacametohism
16、ind.Itneveroccurredtometophoneyou.16His sister left home in 1998, and_ since.Ahad not been heard of Bhas not been heard ofChad not heard of Dhas not heard of考查时态:他的妹妹在1998年离家,至今杳无音讯”。 And前用过去式表示她1998年离家这一事实,而and后用has not been heard of表示从1998到现在这一段时间的状态。现在完成时表示过去发生并且已经完成的动作对现在造成影响或后果,而且his sister和hea
17、r of是被动关系,选B。17With the help of high technology, more and more new substances _in the past few years.Adiscovered Bhave discoveredChad been discovered Dhave been discovered考查时态语态。因为有高科技的帮助,在最近几年中,越来越多的新物质已经被发现了。根据时间状语in the past few years,说明使用现在完成时。根据句意新物质和发明之间用被动形式。故D正确。18After completing the traini
18、ng, I, together with my classmates, _ to the town that was far from the city.Awere sent Bwas sent Chave been sent Dhas been sent考查时态和主谓一致。完成了训练,我和我的同学被送往了远离城市的一个小镇。together with(和)符合就远原则,故现在只看主语I,是单数;根据下文的was判断为一般过去时,send和主语I之间是动宾关系,故用被动语态,即一般过去时的被动语态,主语是单数,故用was sent,故选B项。本题考查就远原则,即谓语动词的形式和前面的那部分主语
19、保持一致。常见的符合就远原则的词或短语有:as well as;(together/along/combined) with; rather than; except; besides; but; including; in addition to; apart from;instead of等 例如:1. Nobody but two students is in the classroom.除了这两个学生,没有人在教室。2. Everybody except you is down on me.除了你,大家都看不起我。3. A woman with two children has com
20、e.一位妇女带着两个孩子已经来了。4. John, rather than his roommates, is to blame.约翰,而不是他的室友,应该受到责备。19They are trying to make sure that 5G terminals _ by 2022 for the Beijing Winter Olympics.Awill install Bwill have been installed Care installed Dhave been installed他们正努力确保在2022年北京冬奥会之前安装5G终端。表示在将来某一时间以前已经完成或一直持续的动作,
21、用将来完成时;“5G终端”和“安装”之间是被动关系,用被动语态,故选B。20The Palace Museum has put on many attractions since it _ in 2017.Ahad been rebuilt Bwas rebuilt Chad rebuilt Drebuilt考查动词时态语态。自从2017年重新修缮,故宫博物院内部已经增加了许多景点。分析语境可知,重新修缮是过去某个具体时间点(2017年)发生的事情,应用一般过去时;此处也可用固定句型have/has done since来理解,该句型中主句用完成时,since引导的从句使用一般过去时;故宫博物
22、院是“被”相关人员修缮,应使用被动语态,was rebuilt符合题意,故选B。21As is expected, it will be not long before our domestically built aircraft Carriers _ into operation.Awill be put Bare putCwill have been put Dhave been put 按照预计,在不久的将来,我们国内制造的航母就会投入使用。时间状语从句中使用主将从现,如果主句是一般将来时,从句用一般现在时替代一般将来时。before是从句要用一般现在时。投入和主语是被动关系。22It
23、 is _ that the financial crisis is disappearing in some countries.Areported Bto report Creporting Dbeing reported考查被动语态。据报道,金融危机正在一些国家消退。句中It为形式主语,that引导的从句为主语从句,是真正的主句的主语,所缺词为主句谓语动词,主语与动词report是逻辑上的动宾关系,是动作的接受者,所以用被动语态。23The coach, together with his players, _ to the party held last Friday night, a
24、iming to celebrate their win in the match.Awas invited Bwere invited Chas been invited Dhave been invited考查主谓一致与一般过去时的被动语态。这个教练,和他的队员一起,被邀请去参加上周五晚上举行的聚会,目的是庆祝他们赢得比赛。根据句中的“last Friday night(上周五晚上)”可知,这句话应使用一般过去时。句子主语为The coach,为第三人称单数形式,“together with”介词词组作主语的伴随状语,不能算作主语,所以谓语动词应与The coach保持一致。主谓一致是指句
25、子的谓语动词与它的主语在人称和数上必须保持一致。简单来讲,即在英语组词成句的过程中,主语的人称、数、格发生了变化,谓语也必须跟着变化,保证主语和谓语之间关系的协调一致。在英语语法中,这属于基本的知识点。主谓一致要遵循三个原则,语法一致原则,意义一致原则和就近一致原则。其中语法一致原则指的是主语是单数形式,谓语动词也用单数形式;主语是复数形式,谓语动词也是复数形式。当than,with,as well as,along with,together with,like,rather than,except,not,but,including,plus,besides,in addition to等
26、加名词或代词结构在主语后面时,谓语不受这些短语影响,须和其前的主语一致。这属于语法一致原则中的一种情况。例如本题中使用了together with结构,所以句子的谓语动词与主语the coach保持一致。24The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts _ with success in the end.Arewarded Bwere rewardedCwill reward Dwill be rewarded【分析】本题考查时态和语态。解题步骤:1. 确定时态:根据句尾的in the end可知,事情发生在将来,用将来时。2. 确定语态:efforts和reward是被动关系,应该使用被动语态。学生们一直在刻苦学习功课,他们的努力终将会得到回报。综上,用一般将来时的被动,故选D。一般将来时1. 表示未来的动作或状态常用will / shall +
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