新概念第二册L61L70Word格式.docx

1、There is （engine） trouble with my car. 3、The pictures it sent us were very disappointing because its main mirror was faulty!fault n. 错误 ； faulty adj. 有错误的 Sorry, its my fault. 4、NASA is now going to put the telescope right, so it will soon be sending up four astronauts to repair it. put sth. right 修

2、好（故障等），校正，纠正 Remember to put the lights right tomorrow. send up 往上送 5、A robot-arm from the Endeavour will grab the telescope and hold it while the astronauts make the necessary repairs. hold it 抓住它 6、The Hubble will tell us a great deal about the age and size of the universe. a great deal 大量 a great

3、 deal of 大量的 7、By the time you read this, the Hubbles eagle eye will have sent us thousands and thousands of wonderful pictures. by the time 到那时 engle eye 鹰眼，锐利目光 His fathers eagle eye is always on him. thousands and thousands of 成千上万的 There are hundreds of thousands/thousands and thousands of cars

4、in this city. 【Key structures】 将来完成时、将来进行时和将来完成进行时 将来完成时的构成：will have done，表示到将来某一时刻已经完成的动作，必须和某个时间状语连用，强调到将来某一点时间动作的结束。 Workers will have completed the new roads by the end of this year. 将来进行时的构成：will be doing，表示将来某个时候正在进行的动作或表示计划好的事，陈述将来的事实。 They will be arriving here tomorrow. 将来完成进行时的构成：will hav

5、e been doing，表示某种状况一直持续到说话人所提及的时间，从某一点发生, 一直延续到将来的某一点, 并且将可能延续下去，强调到将来某一点时间动作可能结束或延续。 By this time next week, I will have been working for this firm for twenty years. By Friday midday, they will have been working on it for seven days. （work on sth. 关于的工作） 在时间状语从句中，要用现在完成时代替将来完成时： By the time Ive com

6、pleted this one, Ill have been writing for six years. 到我写完这本书时，我将已经写了6年书了。 When Ive built this one, Ill have built five altogether. 【Special Difficulties】 Cost, Price, Value1.cost n. 价格，价钱，费用（侧重指某项服务、工程等），成本（复数） at the cost of 以的费用，造价 They built the bridge at a cost of over $600,000. I dont know the

7、 costs of these cars. 我不知道这些车的成本是多少。 vt. 价钱为，（使）花费（不用于被动语态） The new car cost him $5,000. How much did it cost to launch the Hubble telescope into space?What does this blouse cost, please? 请问, 这件衬衣多少钱?2.price n. 价格，价钱（侧重于指某个具体东西或商品的价钱），物价（复数） How much is that blouse? Lets ask the price. Whats the pri

8、ce of the dress, please?Prices are going up again. 物价又上涨了。 v. 问的价钱，查明/查询的价格；给定价/标价 They priced cars for two days before they bought one. The dress is priced at $50, but you can have it at $40. I want to price the bed linen in a few other shops before I buy any. 我想在买床单之前打听几家商店的价格. 3.value n. 表示抽象的价值或

9、重要性，价值观（复数） The stolen items were of sentimental, rather than financial value. 被盗物品更具有情感上的涵义, 而不是经济上的价值. This book is of great value to me. His values are different from those of mine. vt. 尊重，重视 value sth. 认为有价值 value sth. owned by oneself 敝帚自珍 Value your time. 珍惜时间 If you dont value my advice, Ill

10、speak no more. Lesson 62 Affer the firecontrol n. 控制 under control 在控制之下,被控制 out of control 失控 control sth. I can control it. =I can manage it. 我能对付（口语） smoke n. 烟（雾） full of smoke 充满烟雾 smokey adj. 多烟的（名词加-y, 变为形容词） smokey area 吸烟区 ； nonsmokey area 禁烟区 rain rainy ； cloud - cloudy smoker n. 抽烟的人 heav

11、y smoker 烟瘾重的人 ； nonsmoker 不抽烟的人 smoke v. 吸烟 Dont smoke! = No smoking!He smoked heavily. smoking area / smoking room 吸烟室 smoking apartment 火车上的吸烟车厢 cigarette = cigar n. 香烟 desolate adj. 荒凉的 desolate adj. 荒凉的（与地方相连，表示无人居住, 荒无人烟的）；极度孤独的（与人相连时） lonely adj. 孤独的，荒凉的，偏僻的（与地方连表示孤零零的，但并不表示无人居住） threaten v.

12、威胁的 threaten to do sth. 威胁着要做（与人相连）；有迹象表明 It threatened to rain. 有迹象表明天要下雨了。threaten sb. with sth. 以来威胁/恐吓某人 The thief threatened him with a knife. The whole village is threatened with destruction. surrounding adj. 周围的 surroundings n. 环境（在周边的事物） atmosphere n. 大气层, 氛围（在周边的人文环境） destruction n. 破坏, 毁灭

13、destroy v. 破坏 destructive adj. 毁灭性的 construct v. 建设（为创造更好的条件） construction n. 建设, 建筑 construction bank 建设银行 constructive adj. 建设性的（意见） build v. 建设（具体的建某物） flood n. 洪水, 水灾 flood = floods 都对，都可以用，无区别 authority n. 当局（常用复数 authorities） authority n. 权威（单数） spray v. 喷撒 spray sth. over/on 往上喷洒 spray water

14、over/on flower spray grass-seed over/on the ground quantity n. （数）量 quantities of 大量的 quality n. 质量 sth. with good quality 具有好质量的东西 root n. 根 What is the root cause? 根本原因是什么？root of 的根 take root 生根 come out 长出来 shoot come out 发芽（shoot n. 芽） flower come out 开花 get out 出去 patch n. 小片，颜色和周围不同的部分 patch

15、n. （平面上的）一片, 补丁（本意） What is that yellow patch on the wall? 墙上那块黄斑是什么？a patch of 一小片 ；patches of 许多片 There are patches of cloud in the sky. a piece of / a bit of / a sheet of 一片，一块 blacken v. 变黑，发暗 The smoke has blacken the walls. 烟把墙熏黑了。-en后缀表示动词，译为“使变得” weak adj. 虚弱的 weaken v. 使变弱，削弱 复合词（由两个词组合而成一个

16、词），如fireman 派生词（加前缀或后缀的词）如-tion 名词后缀； - less 形容词后缀 1、Firemen had been fighting the forest fire for nearly three weeks before they could get it under control. fight sth. 和作搏斗 get it under control 表示“使它得到控制”，get有“使处于某种状态”的含义，“get+宾语+介词短语”作宾补:The Government can no longer keep prices under control. 政府已控

17、制不住物价。Get the room in order. 2、A short time before, great trees had covered the countryside for miles around. a short time before和a short time ago都可以与段时间相连 a short time before 不久以前，从过去某一点时间算起，一段时间以前 a short time ago 过去某段时间，从现在算起，一段时间以前 for miles around 方圆几英里（around表示“在周围，向四周”） This is the only moder

18、n building for miles around. 3、Now, smoke still rose up from the warm ground over the desolate hills. rise up （from） 升上来 smoke rise up （烟、雾）弥漫 4、Winter was coming on and the hills threatened the surrounding villages with destruction, for heavy rain would not only wash away the soil but would cause s

19、erious floods as well. winter was coming on 冬季即将来临 （季节的来临的通用表达式），come on的过去进行时形式表示的是过去将来时，它在这里表示季节的“到来，来临”： When spring comes on, there will be flowers everywhere. I was still in the forest when night came on. wash away 冲掉，冲走，洗掉 A wooden bridge was washed away by the flood. I cant wash the spot away

20、. 5、When the fire had at last been put out, the forest authorities ordered several tons of a special type of grass-seed which would grow quickly. put out 扑灭 order 定购 type 强调与其他同类的东西有明显不同的特征的种类，与 kind有区别 6、The seed was sprayed over the ground in huge quantities by aeroplanes. quantity单数时仅表示“数量”，既可以用于

21、表示多也可以用于表示少： They drank a large /great /small quantity of beer last night. quantity复数时表示“大量”： He bought books in （large） quantities. 7、By then, however, in many places the grass had already taken root. take root 表示“生根”，这个短语也可以表示某处思想/想法等“扎根”： This type of grass takes root easily. The idea has taken r

22、oot in his mind. 8、In place of the great trees which had been growing there for centuries patches of green had begun to appear in the blackened soil. in place of 替代，取代 （只能指代位置、空间，原来放的东西现在不在了） In place of a cup , I put a vase there. 以前放的是茶杯，现在放的是花瓶。Jane answered the phone in place of Mary. instead of

23、 替代+没做的事 Instead of staying home, I went to school. （此句就不能用“in place of”，而指地点空间时，既可以用“in place of”也可以用“instead of”。）【 Summary writing】 answer:2 Now that all the great trees had been burnt, there was danger that heavy rain would cause serious floods which destroy the surrounding villages. now that 既然

24、 ； which 定语从句 3 To prevent this the forest authorities ordered grass-seed which was sprayed over the ground by planes for nearly a month. to prevent 为了预防 4 By the time it began to rain, the grass had taken root in the soil. by the time（that） 到时候为止 （that可以省略），应理解为“before” 过去完成时和过去完成进行时 过去完成进行时的构成：had

25、 been +现在分词 过去完成进行时用于强调某动作在过去更早的某一段时间内一直在进行，并对过去某一时刻产生结果，过去完成进行时也可用来表示过去经常重复的动作，还可以表示根据直接或间接的证据而得出结论。与它经常连用的表示时间的词有before，for，since，all day等。 She was very tired. She had been typing letters all day. Jill was angry. Jim had been phoning her every night for a whole week. Her eyes were red. It was obvi

26、ous she had been crying. 在包含间接引语的句子中，如果引述词是过去时态，则现在完成进行时要改为过去完成进行时。过去完成时与过去完成进行时有时可以互换。但需要表示某个工作已经完成时，只能用过去完成时。 When I arrived, theyd alredy put the fire out. Control and Check1.control vt. 控制，指挥，支配，管理 eg.Dont try to control other people. n. 控制（能力），支配（能力） Its hard to keep the number of people coming

27、 into the country under control. 2.check vt. 检查，核对，查看 Theyre going to check our passports. 3.Great and Big great adj. 大的（强调重要性），伟大的，重大的，重要的 Frank has just made a great decision. big adj. 大的（强调面积、体积、规模上的大） Sam is a big man. 4.Soil and Ground soil n. 泥土（能让植物生长的），土，土地，土壤 Trees and grass grow quickly in

28、 rich soil. ground n. 地表，地面（与土壤无关），场地，土地 He threw the cup to the ground. Lesson 63 She was not amusedadmire v. 赞美，钦佩 vt. 钦佩，赞赏 I admire his music more than anyone elses. admire sb. for sth. 因为羡慕某人 I admire him for his richness/house/clever daughter/konwledge. vt. 欣赏，观赏 While admiring the new building, I heard someone calling my name. vt. （口语）夸奖，称赞 She likes to hear he