31 重点词汇短语细解高二英语上学期人教版选修六同步复习全攻略Word格式文档下载.docx

1、【答案】stressstresslay stress on/stressput；under a great stressunder the stress ofwere stressed out【解析】主要考察stress相关的短语（2）用含有stress的句子翻译他强调了接受良好教育的重要性。_由于天气恶劣，我们推迟了运动会。He stressed the importance of a good education./ He laid/placed/put stress on the importance of a good education./Stress was laid/placed

2、/put on the importance of a good education by him.We put off the sports meeting under the stress of the bad weather.【解析】主要考察对stress的运用2. ban vt. 禁止；取缔；n. 禁令；谴责【教材原句】Do you think smoking should be banned? 你认为吸烟应该被禁止吗？ban doing sth. 禁止做某事ban sb. from doing sth. 禁止某人做某事a ban on sth. 对的禁令put/place a ban

3、 on sth. 宣布禁止under a ban 受禁止；被查禁a total ban on sth. 对的禁令例：（1）The parents group called for a total ban on violent video games. 该家长组织呼吁彻底禁止暴力电子游戏。（2）The government has banned the use of chemical weapons. 政府已经禁止使用化学武器。用介词填空（1）After the accident，he was banned _ driving.（2）He says the proposals may inclu

4、de a ban _ drunkendriving.（1）from（2）on【解析】主要考察ban的用法3. accustom vt. 使习惯于accustomed adj. 惯常的；习惯了的【教材原句】This means that after a while your body becomes accustomed to having nicotine in it.这就是说，过一段时间以后，你的身体习惯了烟里的尼古丁。be accustomed （used） to （doing） sth.习惯于（表状态）become/get accustomed （used） to （doing） sth

5、. 习惯于（表动作）accustom oneself/sb. to （doing） sth. 使自己/某人习惯于（1）These people _ hard work. 这些人习惯于艰苦的工作。（2）I _ being interrupted. 我不习惯被别人打扰。（3）She took her _ by the window. 她坐在她习惯的靠窗座位上。（4）My eyes slowly _ the dark. 我的眼睛慢慢地习惯了黑暗。（1）accustomed themselves to（2）am not accustomed to（3）accustomed seat（4）got acc

6、ustomed to【解析】主要考察accustom相关的短语【名师指津】表示“习惯于”的短语还有：be/get used to doingadapt oneself to doingadjust oneself to doing4. quit vt. 停止（做某事）；离开【教材原句】When I was taken off the school football team because I was unfit, I knew it was time to quit smoking. 当我因为不健康而被校足球队除名之后，我才知道该是我戒烟的时候了。quit （doing） sth.停止做某事

7、，注意quit后须用动名词（而不能用动词不定式）作宾语。翻译句子（1）发现不良习惯时我们必须及时改正。（2）我根本就没法戒掉看电视。（1）We must quit bad habits as soon as we find them.（2）I cannot quit watching TV.【解析】主要考察quit的用法【明辨异同】辨析quit，abandon和desert这三个词都含有“放弃”“遗弃”的意思。quit指突然或出其不意地“放弃”，现一般指“停止”。如：She quitted her job. 她放弃了自己的工作。abandon强调“完全、永远地遗弃”，尤其是指遗弃以前感兴趣或负

8、有责任的人或物。She abandoned her child. 她遗弃了她的孩子。desert强调“违背誓言、命令、责任、义务等”。The soldier deserted his country and helped the enemy. 那个士兵叛国助敌。5. desperate adj. 不顾一切的，拼命的；绝望的；极严重的【教材原句】If you feel desperate, you might like to talk to a doctor or chemist about something to help you, like nicotine chewing gum. 如果

9、你的确感到没办法，你还可以找个医生或药剂师来谈谈，帮你想办法，如含尼古丁的口香糖等。be desperate for 非常需要；渴望得到be desperate to do sth. 渴望做某事（1）If foreign aid dries up, the situation will be desperate. 倘若外援枯竭，形势将极为严重。（2）Hes desperate for a glass of water. 他极想喝杯水。（3）They invoked help in the desperate situation. 他们在走投无路的情况下恳求援助。（4）He was riflin

10、g through her desk in a desperate search for the letter. 他拼命在她的书桌里搜寻那封信。（1）Judging from what he said and did, we can conclude that he _（渴望得到） fame.（2）After ten years of hard study, he _（渴望通过） the College Entrance Examination.（1）is desperate for（2）is desperate to pass【解析】主要考察desperate的用法6. disappoint

11、ed adj. 失望的；沮丧的【教材原句】Do not be disappointed if you have to try several times before you finally stop smoking. 如果你不得不要尝试几次才能最终停止吸烟，不要失望。disappointing adj. 令人失望的；令人扫兴的be disappointed at/about sth. 对失望be disappointed in/with sb. 对某人失望be disappointed to do 因做失望be disappointed that 对失望to ones disappointm

12、ent 令人失望的是in disappointmentdisappointedly 失望地It will be a great disappointment to me if I cant find the suitcase. 如果找不到我的箱子，对我来说是个极大的失望。Dad seemed more disappointed than angry. 与其说爸爸很生气，倒不如说他很失望。用disappoint的适当形式填空（1）To our great _, it rained every day of the trip.（2）Your work is _.（3）My mother said

13、it was a great day, but she was just a little _ that it didnt last a tiny bit longer.（4）I always felt I was a _ to my father.（5）What he has done is really _. Now his parents are disappointed with him.（1）disappointment（2）disappointing（3）disappointed（4）disappointment（5）disappointing【解析】主要考察disappointe

14、d, disappointing, disappointment的辨析7. ashamed adj. 感到惭愧或羞耻的（表语形容词）【教材原句】If you weaken and have a cigarette, do not feel ashamed. 如果你因意志衰弱而又抽烟了，也不要觉得难为情。（1）be/feel ashamed of （doing） sth./sb./oneself 为做某事/某人/某人自己而感到惭愧be ashamed to do sth. 耻于做某事feel/be ashamed for sb. 替某人感到羞愧（2）shame n. 羞愧；羞耻；惭愧Its a

15、shame that=What a shame that 真让人遗憾What a shame!=Its a shame.=Its a pity. 真可惜！（1）He _ his failure.他对自己的失败感到惭愧。（2）I _ have to trouble you.真不好意思，我得要麻烦你。（3）He _ he had made some careless mistakes.他很惭愧犯了些粗心的错误。（4）I behaved badly yesterday and I _ now.我昨天表现得不好，现在感到很惭愧。（5）He _ having spoken so cruelly. 他为说

16、得如此残忍而感到羞愧。（1）is ashamed of（2）am quite ashamed to（3）was ashamed that（4）am ashamed （of myself）（5）felt ashamed for【解析】主要考察ashamed的用法ashamed与shamefulashamed意为“感到羞耻，觉得惭愧，不好意思”，表示主语主观认为是可耻的，通常作表语。shameful表示事物本身的客观性质是“可耻的”，通常作定语。He was ashamed of being unable to answer the question.他因为不能回答那个问题而感到羞愧。To ste

17、al money from a blind person is a shameful act.偷盲人的钱是可耻的行为。单项选择（1）You should be _ of your _ conduct.A. shameful；ashamed B. ashamed；shamefulC. shame；shameful D. ashamed；ashamed（2）I was ashamed _ lied to my mother.A. to be B. of having C. that D. of being【解析】（1）【答案】B （2）【解析】句意：我向母亲撒了谎，我感到很惭愧。A项虽有be as

18、hamed to do 形式，但后面是lied，所以应排除；同样排除C和D；考查的是be ashamed of having done结构。8. risk n. 冒险；风险；危险；vt. 冒的风险【教材原句】He felt he had to make up his mind on every step instead of taking risks. 他觉得他必须在每一步都下定决心，而不是冒险。at risk 处于危险之中at all risks=at any risk 无论冒什么险；无论如何at ones own risk 由自己负责，自担风险at the risk of doing st

19、h. 冒着的危险risk ones life 冒生命危险run/take a risk/risks 冒风险run the risk of doing sth. 冒着的风险risk doing sth. 冒险做（1）All passengers riding in cars are required to fasten their seatbelts in order to _ of injury in case of an accident. 所有乘客乘坐汽车都必须系好安全带以减少在事故中受伤的风险。（2）According to studies, loneliness can _ of ol

20、der people dying early due to its harmful effects on health. 根据研究，寂寞会增加老年人提早死亡的风险，因为它对健康有不良的影响。（3）If you dont obey me, you should be _. 你如果不服从我的话，你应该自担风险。（4）He risked _ his job to see me off. 他冒着失去工作的风险给我送行。（5）He saved the child _ losing his own life. 他冒着生命危险把孩子从火中救出。（6）The future of the company was

21、 _. 这个公司的前途堪忧。（1）reduce the risk（2）increase the risk（3）at your own risk（4）losing（5）at the risk of（6）at risk【解析】主要考察risk的用法9. judgement n. 看法；判决；判断【教材原句】Before you read this text, what judgements did you make about people with HIV/AIDS? 在阅读这篇课文之前，你对感染艾滋病病毒的人有什么看法？in ones judgement 在某人看来pass judgement

22、 on作出裁决（1）He _ the guilty man. 他对那个罪犯作出了裁决。（2）Her decision seems to show a lack of _. 她的决定似乎显示出缺乏政治判断力。（3）_, we should accept their apology. 依我看，我们应该接受他们的道歉。（1）passed judgement on（2）political judgement（3）In my judgement【解析】主要考察judgement的用法10. awkward adj. 局促不安的；笨拙的【教材原句】Then she offered me a cigaret

23、te and I felt so embarrassed and awkward. 然后她递给我一支烟，我感到非常尴尬与不安。（1）The heavy ax was awkward to use. 这把重斧头不好用。（2）Your refusal puts me in an awkward position. 你的拒绝让我感到十分为难。（3）At the formal party, I felt very awkward and out of place. 在正式的舞会上，我感到局促不安，很不自在。（4）Mary, who was a very shy girl, felt awkward w

24、hen she couldnt answer the teachers questions. 玛丽是一个非常害羞的女孩，当回答不出老师的问题时，她就会觉得局促不安.二、重点短语细解1. due to 由于【教材原句】I think my long and active life must be due to the healthy life I live. 我认为我的长寿和积极的生活必须归功于我过的健康生活。due adj. 欠款的；到期的；应付（给）的；预定的；预定要到达或发生的be due to do sth. 预期做某事be due to sth./doing sth./sb. 归因于某

25、事/归因于做某事/欠某人be due for sth. 应有；应得到The bill is due. 这张票据已到期。The meeting isnt due to start until four. 会议预定要到四点才召开。The guests are due to arrive very soon. 客人很快就会到。Due to the heavy rainfall, many roads leading to the downtown area were blocked, andmany people could not get to school or work. 由于大雨的缘故，许多通往市中