从《嘉莉妹妹》女主人公的悲剧分析美国的拜金主义英语专业定稿Word文档格式.docx

1、牛志萍二一六年六月BACHELORS DEGREE THESIS OF CISAU An Analysis of the Money Worship of the United States: The Root of Sister Carries TragedyCollege ：College of Information, Shanxi Agricultural UniversitySubject ：English MajorName ：Li QiongNumber ：Director ：Niu ZhipingJune 2016郑 重 申 明本人呈交的学位论文，是在导师的指导下，独立进行研究

2、工作所取得的成果，所有数据、图片资料真实可靠。尽我所知，除文中已经注明引用的内容外，本学位论文的研究成果不包含他人享有著作权的内容。对本论文所涉及的研究工作做出贡献的其他个人和集体，均已在文中以明确的方式标明。本学位论文的知识产权归属于培养单位 本人签名: 日期：摘 要在一个时代，经济发展的水平决定该时代人们的精神高度，而人们的精神追求也反映一个时代经济发展的阶段。在西奥多德莱赛生活的19世纪末20世纪初的美国，正处于商品经济发展的上升阶段，唯物主义渐渐占据上风。琳琅满目的商品点缀的人们的生活，增加了他们的幸福感，但同时盲目追求这种“幸福感”也使人们的心灵逐渐“病化”。嘉丽作为这个时期典型的代

3、表人物，充分体现了社会底层的人们在面对物质满足时道德约束渐渐处于劣势。在嘉丽的经历中，她内心的变化就是对这个时代经济发展水平最好的反映。她一个人来到芝加哥大都市，从衣着破旧的乡下小姑娘到最终成为了百老汇明星，身份，地位应有俱有，看似嘉丽是幸福的，但嘉丽在得到物质享受的同时却也一直在失去，如每个女孩子渴望的忠贞不渝、天长地久的爱情，以及内心道德的自我满足。本文就嘉丽的悲情为线索，从嘉丽出生的悲剧、爱情的悲剧及个人发展的悲剧分析当时导致嘉丽心境变化的拜金主义。关键词：西奥多德莱赛; 嘉莉妹妹; 欲望; 物质追求; 拜金主义 ABSTRACTIn an era in which economic d

4、evelopment determines the level of the spirit of the times, peoples spiritual quest also reflects the stage of economic development. In the late 19 century and early 20th century of the United States, the commodity economy was developing in upswing, materialism prevailing. Dazzling array of merchand

5、ise embellished peoples lives, increased their sense of well-being, but at the same time the blind pursuit of this happiness also makes people become morbid. Carrie as a typical representative of this period fully embodies the underprivileged people whose was tested when they faced the satisfaction

6、of materialism. The change of Sister Carrie greatly reflected the level of economic development of this era. She, a country girl with ragged and old-fashioned clothes, came to the city of Chicago, ultimately became a Broadway star, who owned identity and status. It seemed that Carrie was happy, Carr

7、ie get material comforts, but also lost something, such as everlasting love that every girl constantly longed for, and inner moral self-satisfaction. This paper will analyze Carries tragedy from three aspects: the tragedy of her humble birth, the tragedy of her love, and the tragedy of her personal

8、pursuits, so as to explore the Money Worship of the USs influence on her life.Key words: Theodore Dreiser; Sister Carrie; Desires; Pursuit of Material; Money WorshipTableofContentsI. Introduction1.1 Project Background and Significance Theodore Dreiser is one of the famous American naturalistic write

9、rs of the 20th century. Dreiser lived in a poor family, so he dropped out at high school to earn a living. He was influenced by progressive ideas because he read Darwin, Huxley et al.s work. To survive, Dreiser worked as dishwasher, tellers, laundry workers and furniture salesman and other chores. I

10、n 1900, Dreiser published the first novel Sister Carrie. He describes the disillusionment of happiness that Carrie pursued, and criticized the darkness of the capitalistic society. He pointed out that honest laboring is no way to be successful in the United States, but by betraying ones soul, could

11、we get money and status. Theodore Dreiser stressed the desire and environment are the main factors that affected the fate of the characters. For instance, Carrie is the best model.The subject of my graduation paper is An Analysis of the Money Worship of the United States: The Root of Sister Carries

12、Tragedy. Sister Carrie tells the story of a young girl who lived in the bottom of the society and at last became a Broadway star. Carrie shows the growing desire in this course. In this materialistic age, everywhere is full of temptation; each of us could be the next Sister Carrie. Could we keep a c

13、lear mind, and hold the bottom moral line in the materialistic society? This paper attempts to analyze the tragedy of Sister Carrie, and reveal that money worship exerted great influence on peoples character and life so as to give modern people enlightenment.1.2 The Main Content of the PaperThis pap

14、er tells a story that a country girl who was lived in the capitalist society became a Broadway star at last. Carrie was a girl from a poor family, because she was driven by the Worship of Money, she used unfair means to get success. It was seemed that Carrie was happy, but she didnt get the true lov

15、e, and she has lost family members.The third part and the fourth part introduced the cause of the tragedy of Carrie in detail. The third part introduced the tragedy of Carrie from three aspects, they are the tragedy of Carries humble background, the tragedy of Carries love and the tragedy of Carries

16、 personal pursit. The fourth part is the analysis of the influence of Money Worship on Carries tragedy. Therefore, research methods used in this topic are: （1） version of the literature research: to solve their own problems based on the data obtained through investigation and information, so as to f

17、ully and correctly grasp the background knowledge and theory to solve the problem. （2）: the qualitative analysis and synthesis, abstraction and generalization methods, thinking of all kinds of materials processing access to do so, the inner essence of things, to understand and reveal the inherent re

18、gularity.1.3 Organizational Structure of the PaperThis article mainly analyze Carries tragedy through the novel “Sister Carrie” making a conclusion that the influence of Money Worship on people at that time. In order to express the content of this article very well, the article is divided into five

19、parts.The first chapter mainly introduces the research background and scientific significance and the structure of this paper. The second chapter mainly introduces domestic and foreign research status of “Sister Carrie. The third chapter mainly analyses the tragedy of Carrie from three aspects: the

20、tragedy of the Carries birth, the tragedy of Carries love and the tragedy of Carries personal pursuit. The forth chapter combining the contents of the third chapter, describes the relationship between Carries tragedies and the money worship of the United States . The fifth chapter makes a summary of

21、 this article.Sister Carrie is the famous naturalist writer Theodore Dreisers first novel of the United States in the 20th century. The author revealed the reality of the 20th century America in a unique vision by Carries story. People enjoyed the happiness that material satisfaction brought to them

22、 and blindly chased it. Domestic and foreign scholars had a lot of research on Sister Carrie. This chapter mainly introduces the domestic and foreign scholars studies on the money worship of the United States s influence on Sister Carries life .2.1 The Research Status of Sister Carrie At HomeDomesti

23、c scholars Wei JingJing explores the cause of Carries desire combining with the theory of Maslows hierarchy of needs from Carrie behavior characteristics and psychological factors. She believes that everyone has a dream just like Carrie who had been looking forward to a goal. The key of the desire l

24、ies in the desire for achievement.Gao Yufen through the analysis of Sister Carrie and others, especially the relationship between Sister Carrie and two men, Drew and Hurst wood, reveals the character of Sister Carrie whose life has never been satisfied. With the help of Drew, she achieved the first

25、goal: stable material life, and then, Hurst wood helped Carrie realize the second goal: greater material wealth. After that, she started chasing the third goal: the pursuit of the spirit. She has always been chasing a new goal all the time. 2.2 The Research Status of Sister Carrie Abroad Current res

26、earches in foreign countries on Sister Carrie are mainly confined to literary criticism, moral philosophy and cultural fields. Mickey Clark said: Theodore Dreiser equated the city to the desire. A detailed description of the city he described not appeared before. Dreisers city life is the largest re

27、cord of the United States. The city represents the separation of people and self-sufficient world, the order created by the natural order of power.（Clark 1967:35-38）Carries choice was because the evil influence of American society. The city to rural areas have a decisive victory. During this period,

28、 Carrie left the rural areas, went in Chicago world to get success. She can get luxury fashion and luxury, but these only by a road of crime.Philosopher Martin Heidegger said that the essence of the new era is non-apotheosis; God from the world will disappear，and science and technology will make peo

29、ple lose their spiritual homeland. Carrie is in such a state of mind. （Song 1991 :57-59）III. Analysis of Carries Tragedy Composition Sister Carrie vividly described during the 20th century of the United States that obsessed with material comforts, people in the pursuit of material enjoyment lost the

30、mselves. Carrie as a representative of this period, changed from a country girl into a Broadway star. It seemed that Carrie was successful, but from the analysis of the process that Carrie pursued her success, this is a tragedy undoubtedly. This part will analyze Carries tragedy in detail from three

31、 aspects: the tragedy of Carries humble background, the tragedy of Carries love and the tragedy of Carries personal pursuit. 3.1 The Tragedy of Carries Humble BackgroundCarrie is a girl from Columbia City, compared with Chicago, there being no tall buildings, no commercial streets, and no noise. Peo

32、ple do not know how to drink wine in a restaurant, watching the show to go to the theater, because the environment of Columbia does not allow people to do these activities. They use their own labor to make a living. He earned a little money in the flour factory to support his family. Although her sister has married, her fathers income was not enough to allow Carrie to buy new clothes