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专升本必备词汇汇编Word格式文档下载.docx

1、(在范围或应用上)达到构 词:ex(向外)+tend(伸展)变 形:extension. n.伸出、伸展;延长部分;电话分机extensive a. 广大的、广阔的;广泛的intensive a.加强的,深入细致的搭 配:extensive knowledge 广博的知识to extend credit/visa 延长信贷限期/签证extensive reading 泛读extensive discussion 广泛的讨论辨析:enlarge expand enlarge v.扩大,放大expand v.使膨胀,扩张extend lengthen prolong extend 指直线状的伸展,

2、引申指扩大势力、范围。lengthen 指增加长度或延长时间。prolong 指时间过程延长到超过通常或正常的限度。真 题 It is quite necessary for a qualified teacher to have good manners and _ knowledge. A) extensive B) expansive C) intensive D) expensive intensive a.加强的,集中的,深入细致的;集约(经营)的,精耕细作的intensity n.强烈,剧烈;强度 intensively adv.加强地,集中地,深入细致地intensive stu

3、dy 深入细致的研究intensive reading 精读intensive agriculture 集约农业labor intensity 劳动强度look at sb. with intensity 深情地看着某人辨 析 :intense 意为“非常的;强烈的”,常用于形容某种性质或感情,表示很高或达到极端的程度。intensive 含有intense的意思,但更强调“精细的;集中的”。An intense attack 全线的攻击;an intensive attack 集中某一点攻击。真 题:1. The patients health failed to such an exten

4、t that he was put into_care. A)tense B)rigid C)intensive D)tight C2.The relationship between employers and employees has been studied_ A)originally B)extremely C)violently D)intensively 1. C 2.Davailablea.现成可使用的,在手边的,可利用的;可取得联系的,可得到的构 词:a(to)+vail(value,价值)+able(后缀)-有利用价值的-可利用的make sth. available to

5、/for 使可以享受某物;使.买得起某物the only available room 唯一可用的房子;辨 析:available a. 现成可使用的,在手边的,可利用的handy a. 手边的,就近的,便利的,敏捷的at hand 在手边,在附近,即将到来真 题: 1.Convenience foods which are already prepared for cooking are_in grocery stores. A) ready B) approachable C) probable D) available 2.In general, the amount that a st

6、udent spends for housing should be held to one-fifth of the total _for living expense. A)acceptable B)available C)advisable D)applicable 1. D2.Bchargen.控告,指控;主管,看管;费用,价钱;负荷,电荷,充电 vt.索价,要.支付;控告,指控;使承担(任务、责任等);使负荷,使充电in charge of 主管,看管in(under)the charge of 在的掌管下charge sb.with 指控某人charge(sb.)(money)fo

7、r sth. 要价,要(某人)付.(钱)买某物take charge 开始管理,接管a positive/negative charge 正/负电荷be on charge 正充电at modest charges 以公道的价格charge for trouble 手续费charge a battery 给电池充电 accuse 指的是严重程度不等的犯罪或冒犯行为,accuse与介词of连用,charge 所指的是正式控告或指责具有违法性质的行为,charge与介词with搭配.1. She was complaining that the doctor was _too much for t

8、he treatment he was giving her. A) expending B) offering C) costing D) charging 2.This hotel _$60 for a single room with bath. A)charges B)demands C)prices D)claims 2.Acasen.事例,实例,事实,情况;病例;案件;箱,盒,套;手提箱搭 配 : case in point 有关的事例,例证a case in point 恰当的例子in any case 无论如何,不管怎样in case 假使,以防(引导虚拟语气)sum up t

9、he case 概括事实in case of 假如,如果发生;防备in no case 无论如何不,决不in this/that case 如果这样.那样的话a case of measles 麻疹病例appeal a case 申述pack a case 装箱in the case of 就.来说, 至于as the case may be 看情况,根据具体情况辨 析:case 事实, 事例, 情况, 其可笼统地指一个完整的论题, 也可表典型的事例, 也可用于表医学上的病例或法律上的案例.instance 为正式用词,指从事实中援引单独事例,隐含其典型性重难点、语法规则:in case意为“

10、假使;免得,以防(万一)”。In case引导的从句可以用陈述语气,也可用虚拟语气,虚拟形式为should+动词原形真 题1.I was advised to arrange for insurance _I needed medical treatment. A) nevertheless B) although C) in case D) so that 2.I left for the office earlier than usual this morning _traffic jam. A) in line with B) for the sake of C) in case of

11、D) at the risk of 3.We left the manager a note_ he wanted to know where we were. A) If B) in case C) so that D) unless 4.The lawyer advised him to drop _, since he stands little chance to win. A)event B)incident C)case D)affair 1.C2.C3.B4.Ceffect n.结果、效果; v.实现、使生效变 形:effective 有效的,生效的,起作用的;给人印象深刻的;实

12、际的,事实上的effectively 有效地、起作用地bring/carry/put into effect 实行、实现take effective measures 采取有效措施effective range 有效射程;effective ways of reducing pollution 降低污染的有效方法;take effect 生效、起作用to the effect that 大意是effective 有效的、起作用的in effect 实际上、实质上come/go into effect 生效to no effect 无效;毫无结果effectconsequence effect

13、指明显的原因所产生的后果。consequence 可指没有明确原因的后果或效果。effectivevalideffective 表示能产生实际的效果。valid 指仍为权威部门认可,可以继续使用,是法律用语。真 题1.They took _ measures to prevent poisonous gases from escaping. A) fruitful B) beneficial C) valid D) effective 2.Though the long-term_ can not be predicted, the project has been approved by t

14、he committee. A) affect B) effect C) result D) consequence 3.The new appointment of our president _from the very beginning of next semester. A)takes effect B)takes part C)takes place D)takes turn A2.B3.Atransmitvt.播送、发射;传送、传染trans(从到.)+mit(发送)transmission 播送、发射 ;transmit knowledge from one generatio

15、n to another 把知识由一代传给另一代transmission of news 消息的传播;transmit news by radio 由无线电发送消息1. American football and baseball are becoming known to the British public through televised _ from the United States.A) transfer B) deliveries C) transportation D) transmissions 2.Some diseases are _ by certain water

16、animals. A) transplanted B) transformed C) transported D) transmitted 3.Communication is the process of_a message from a source to an audience via a channel.A)transmitting B)submitting C)transforming D)switching 1.D2.Drelate vi.有关联;适应,和睦相处;vt.使互相关联;讲述,叙述relative 相关的,有关的;相对的,比较的;亲属all human values ar

17、e relative, so beauty is relative to the beholders eyes.relatively 相关地,有关地;相对地,比较地relation 亲属relate to/with 有关联relative to 有关,涉及in/with relation to 有关,涉及close/near relation 近亲distant relation 远亲It is difficult to_cause and effect in this case. A)unite B)think C)relate D)describe Ctransformvt.使改观、改革;

18、变换trans(从.到.)+form(形式)transformation n. 改观、改革;transformable a.能改变的,能改造的transform.into. 把变成transform change 两词有时可互换,但在骤然改变和神秘地改变时,须用transform1.The twentieth century has witnessed an enormous worldwide political, economic and cultural A) tradition B) transportation C) transmission D) transformation 2.

19、The coming of railways in the 1830s_our society and economic life. A)transformed B)transported C)transferred D)transmitted transfer vt.搬、转移;调动、转移;转让、过户 vi.转移;转车、转程n.调动、转移trans(转移)+fer(运送,传送)transference n.转移,转让transferable a.可转移的,可转让的transferor n.转让者transfer ones affection 变心transfer company 转运公司tra

20、nsfer from a bus to a train 由公共汽车换乘火车transfer title to land 转让土地所有权transfer the property 转让财产transfer move 在表示“调动”时,transfer含有在一同大集团中工作或任职的变更的意思,不强调升、降职的意味,只是工作性质的变化。Transfer还可表示感情的转移或货物的运输,一般不用move替换。move 表示从静止状态开始移动,可以是短距离、小范围或长距离、大范围的移动,也可指不改变位置的活动。He hoped the firm would _ him to the Paris branc

21、h. A) exchange B) transmit C) transfer D) remove adapt vt.使适应,使适合;修改,改编 vi. (to)适应adaptable a.能适应的,适应性强的 adaptive adj.适应的adaptation n.适应,适合,改编adaptor n.编剧者,改编者adapt to 使适合,使适用adapt from 根据改写/改编adapt oneself to 使自己适应或习惯于adapt 指作出较大的修改或改变以达到目的。如:She had to adapt herself to local conditions.她必须使自己适应当地的

22、情况adjust 指作些不重要的轻微调整以便符合要求或适应新情况。adjust ones watch/glasses对表/扶眼镜fit 多指“大小适合”,引申为“吻合”suit 多指“合乎要求、口味、性格、情况”match 指“大小、色调、形状、性质等相配或相称”The newcomers found it impossible to _themselves to the climate sufficiently to make permanent homes in the new country. A) suit B) adapt C) regulate D) coordinate I su

23、ggested he should_himself to his new conditions. A)adopt B)suit C)regulate D)adapt 1.Balter v.改变,改动,变更alterable adj.可变的,可改的alterant adj.改变的alteration n.变更,改造alter 部分地改变,不失去本性;change 本质地变化,甚至失去本性,或一种东西退换了另一种东西;vary 由更替、多样化或生长的变化而引起的一个或一连串变化。convert 指从一种状态或情况转变为另一种,尤指用于新的目的或用途。1. If your new coat is t

24、oo large, a tailor can _it to fit you. A)alterB)exchangeC)alternateD)change 2.She had to _her dress because she had lost weight. A)transform B)shift C)alter D)cut 1.A2.Carisevi. (1) 产生,出现,发生;(2)(from)(由)引起,(由.)产生,起源于;(3)起身,起床变形:arose arise的过去式arisen arise的过去分词arisearise和rise都可用于来表示“起床”和“站起身”的意思。Aris

25、e常用于较抽象的主语之后rise 常用于具体的场合raise 是及物动词,意为“举起;使起来;提高;提出”arouse 也是及物动词,意为“唤醒;激起;引起”搭配:arise from/out of 由.引起,起源于1.Many difficulties have _as a result of the change over to a new 无效 of fuel. A) risen B) arisen C) raised D) arrived 2.A completely new situation will _when the examination system comes into

26、existence. A)rise B)arise C)raise D)arouse 1. Bassemblevi.集合,聚集;vt.集合,聚集,召集;装配as(到)+semble(一起)assembly n.集合,装配,集合,集结,汇编;形似词:resemble 像,类似assemble the jury 召集陪审团assemble evidence/material 收集证据/材料assemble the parts of a watch 装配表的零件assembling shop 装配车间assemble a machine 组装一台机器assemble in the school ga

27、rden 在校内集合gather (常用词)指“收集”、“聚集”、“集合在一起”collect 指“有计划、有选择地收集”assemble 指“为某一特定目的而收集”muster 特指“召集部队”或“为检阅、检查而召集”1. If the fire alarm is sounded, all residents are requested to _in the courtyard. A) assemble B) converge C) crowd D) accumulate 2.Everybody _in the hall where they were welcomed by the secretary. A)assembled B)accumulated C)piled D)joined adopt vt.采纳,采用;采取(态度等;收养 adoptable a.可采用的adoption n.采用,收养adoptive a.采用的,收养的adoptee n.被收养者adopter n.养父母adopt a strong attitude 采取强硬态度adopt an idea 采纳意见adopt measures 采取措施ado

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