1、 upstairs/downstairs. abroad/over.5. aboard(adv) 在船上, 在飞机上6. accept (vt.) 接受,认可receive (vt.) (某人)收到(某物)例句:The young girl received the invitation, but she didnt accept it.(这个年轻的女孩收了邀请卡,但是她没有同意赴约。7. accident (n.) 事故, 意外事件traffic accident 交通事故 incident (n.)事件, 事变 unexpected, political incident 不可预料的/政治
2、的事件8. accurate (adj.) 准确的词性转换:accurately (adv.) 准确地 accuracy (n.) 精确性, 准确度9. achieve (v.) (胜利)完成, 达到achievement (n.) 成就He has achieved a lot in physics. (他在物理方面有许多成就。10. across (prep.) 在的对面 (adv.) 横过walk across the street 横穿马路 sail across the ocean 横跨大洋cross (v.) 穿过 cross the street 穿马路across & thro
3、ugh :前者是平面穿过,后者是立体空间内的穿过。11. act (v.) 表演 (n.) 演技action (n.) 措施, 举措take immediate action to do sth. 对立刻采取措施actor, actress (n.) 男演员, 女演员active (adj.) 积极的take an active part in 积极参与actively (adv.) 积极地activity (n.) 活动take part in activities in or after class 课内和课后积极参加活动12. add (v.) 增加add to 增加了例 :The un
4、expected storm added to the difficulties in Shanghai.(这个突如其来的暴风雪给上海雪上加霜。例This stamp has added to the album.(这张邮票给邮册增色不少。add sth. to 给加上add a brick to the wall 给墙加上一块砖add up to 数量总计为The number of the students here adds up to sixty.(这里所有的学生加起来有60人。addition (n.) 增加(物)in addition to=besides 除了还有except 除
5、去(同类)except for 除去(不同类)This composition was written very well except for some spelling mistakes.(这篇作文除了一些拼写错误以外都非常好。) This coat fits her except for its color.(除了颜色以外这件外套很适合她。) 例Shanghai is a good city except for its weather.(除了天气以外, 上海是一个好城市。13. adopt (v.) 采纳, 领养adopted (adj.) 被收养的, 被采用的, 孤苦伶仃的adopt
6、ive (adj.) 收养关系的, 采用的, 好心的14. advantage (n.)优势, 优点反义词:disadvantage (n.) 缺点, 劣势advantages and disadvantages 优势和劣势词组:A has advantages over B A比B有优势词组:take advantage of every chance 利用每次机会15. advice (n.) 建议a piece of advice 一个建议16. afraid (adj.) 害怕be afraid of (客观) 害怕, 担心(某事)be afraid to do (主观) 不愿意去做某
7、事17. Africa (n.) 非洲 African (adj.)非洲的Asia (n.) 亚洲 Asian (adj.) 亚洲的Europe (n.) 欧洲 European (adj.) 欧洲的 Euro 欧元18. against (prep.) 反对 反义词:for (prep.) 赞同Some are for it, while others are against it.(一些人赞同它, 然而一些人反对它。19. age (n.) 年龄at the age of 在岁时when he was three years old=at the age of three (在他三岁的时候
8、)the aged (年长的人)stone age (石器时代)词组:information age (信息时代)ERA=age 纪元20. agent (n.) 代理人 agency (n.) 代理商 tourist agency 旅游代理商21. agree (vi./vt.) 同意disagree (v.) 反对,不同意agreement (n.) 协议reach an agreement agree with sb./what sb. said同意.的意见; 与.一致agree to his advice/plan/suggestion 同意他的意见/计划/建议agree on (双方
9、就某件事件) 达成一致agree on the bargain/the price 讨价还价/明码议价22. ahead (adj./adv.) 在前,提前ahead of time=in advance提前book the tickets ahead of time/in advance 提前订票23. aim (v./n.) 目标 aim at sb./sth. 目标为 aim to do sth.打算做24. air (n.) 空气 by air=by plane by land =by bus by sea=by ship25. alarm (n.) 警报 set the alarm
10、clock for 把闹钟调到26. alive (adj.) 活着的be 动词后的表语形容词:alive/alike/asleep/awakeHe is asleep/awake.(他熟睡着/醒着。The twins are alike.(双胞胎长得很像。dead (adj.) 死的lively (adj.) 有活力的 a lively math lesson(一节有活力的数学课。live (n.) 直播 (adj.) 实况的27. all (adj.) 所有的 (adv.) 完全 (prep.) 全部not all= someothersall 后的单复数:表示“所有的人”动词复数,表示“
11、所有的事”动词单数。28. allow (v.) 允许(=permit) 词组:allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事上海市中考英语考纲词汇解读(2) alone (adj.) 单独的 (adv.) 单独地 carried the suitcases alone. 独自提着行李箱 He was alone in the house. 他独自一人在家里。leave sb. alone 听其自然, 不要去管, 让某人独自留在那lonely (adj.) 孤独的 He lives alone, but he doesnt feel lonely. along (adv.) 向前,和
12、一起,同 (prep.) 沿着Lets walk along the road, shall we? amazing (adj.) 令人惊讶的 词性转换:amazingly (adv.) 令人惊讶地amaze (vt.) 使.大为惊奇,令人惊愕 be amazed at (by) 对.大为惊奇 be amazed to see/hear/find 看到听到, 发现.感到吃惊amazement (n.) 惊异to sbs amazement使某人惊异的是. ambition (n.) 野心Her ambition was to be a famous singer. 她的理想是成为著名的歌唱家。
13、ambitious (adj.) 有野心的They are ambitious although they are poor. 他们虽穷却很有志气。 amount (n.) 数量,总数an amount of 相当数量的; 一些 a large amount of 大量 amusing (adj.) 引起乐趣的,娱人的 amusingly (adv.) angry (adj.) 生气的I came home late and my mother was angry. 我回家晚了,我妈妈很生气。be/get angry at/about sth.因某事而生气be/get angry with s
14、b.生某人的气be/get angry at sb. for sth. 因.生某人的气make sb. angry使某人生气angrily (adv.) 生气地The woman walked out of the shop angrily and decided to punish the assistant next day.这位妇女气愤地走出了商店,决定次日惩罚他一下。 another (adj.) 另外的, 又一, 不同的 (prep.) 另一个, 另一个人, 同类的东西英英解释:one more; an additionalhave another cup of coffee. 又喝
15、了一杯咖啡 We need another chair. 我们再要一把椅子。 apologize (v.) 道歉apologize to sb. 向某人道歉apologize to sb. for sth. 向某人为某事(为做了某事)道歉apologize to sb. for doing sth. 向某人为某事(为做了某事)道歉 appear (v.) 出现, 看来, 似乎to become visibleHe appears quite young. 他显得年轻。appear in court 出庭 appear on the stage 登台演出appearance (n.) 出现, 露
16、面, 外貌, 外观 argue (vi.) 争论, 辩论They argued the case for hours.他们就这件事争论了数小时。argue about/on/over辩论争论某事 boring (adj.) 令人厌烦的bored (adv.) 感到厌烦的 bore (v.) 使厌烦 boredom (n.) 厌烦上海市中考英语考纲词汇解读(3) calculate (v.) 计算 calculation (n.) 计算过程 calculator (n.) 计算机There are a great number of calculators in use. 有大量的计算器在使用中
17、。 call (v.) 称呼,取名呼唤,打电话给 (n.) 叫;喊;(一次)电话;通话翻译:你是如何称呼那个小孩的?What do you call that girl?要点:give, offer, call sb. sth.(双宾语结构)介词搭配:call on sb./at sp. 拜访(某人、某地)call on the boss at the company 去公司拜访老板 camp (n.) 野营 campsite (n.) 野营地 go camping 去野营(听力考点) can (v. aux.) 能,会,可能用法: 表示一种肯定的推测:must be 否定的推测cant be
18、That must be Professor Brown, isnt it? That cant be Professor Brown, is it? can 和be able to, manage to, succeed in 的区别:后者表示经过努力做成的事情。 The climber managed to/was able to/succeeded in reach(ing) the top. Canada (n.) 加拿大Canadian (n.) 加拿大人 care (n./v.) 小心,关心 because of carelessness 由于粗心careful (adj.) 仔细
19、的 careless (adj.) 粗心的 make the mistakes carelessly carry (v.) 运送,搬运,携带carry on 继续 carry on the operation 继续手术carry out 执行 carry out the policy 执行政策 catch (v.) (catch-caught-caught) 接住,赶上,患(病)be caught in the rain 被雨淋湿 center(centre) (n.) 中心,中央 city center 市中心 (=downtown) certain (adj.) 一定的,有把握的 sb.
20、be certain (sure) be certain to 必然; 一定Its certain that Its certain that it will rain. 很肯定天会下雨。 change (v.) 改变,转变 Great changes have taken place in sp.changeable (adj.) 多变的 changeable seasons in Britain 英国多变的气候 channel (n.) 频道 turn tochannel 转到频道 the English Channel 英吉利海峡channel 表示“渠道”:communication
21、channel沟通渠道 charge (v.) 收费,要价How much do you charge? 你要价多少?charge sb. with 指控某人犯罪 cheer (v.) 欢呼cheer up 欢呼 chemist (n.) 药剂师the chemists 药房chemical (adj.) 化学的chemistry (n.) 化学 choose (v.) 选择choice (n.) 选择 Christmas (n.) 圣诞节at Christmas 在圣诞节那天(=on Christmas Day/Eve) clear (adj.) 清晰的,明亮的;天气放晴 Its clear
22、ing up again. 天气又放晴了。 clothes (n.) 衣服总称clothing (n.) 衣服总称(不可数)cloth (n.) 特种布料(可数名词);所有面料(不可数名词)a table cloth 台布to make many clothes by much cloth 用各种布料做衣服 coincidence (n.) 巧合,偶遇What a coincidence!(=What a small world!) 多巧啊! cold (adj.) 冷的Its freezing cold today. 今天好冷啊!Its burning hot today. 今天好热啊! c
23、onductor (n.) 售票员,指挥conduct (v.) 执行 conduct the experiment 做实验 contest (n.) 竞赛辨析:context (n.) 上下文 contact (v.) 与接触,联系 For more information, please contact. contact sb. at 用(某号码)联系某人 convenient (adj.) 方便的impossible, important, convenient, necessary 的结构 Its for sb. to do sth. sb. find it to do sth.Its
24、 convenient for sb. to do sth. 对于某人来说做某事时方便的convenience (n.) 便利 continue (v.) 继续continuous (adj.) 持续(不中断)的continuously (adv.)continual (adv.) 连续的, 频繁(间断)的continually (adv.) corner (n.) 角落 in/at/around the corner correct (v.) 改正 (adj.) 正确的incorrect (adj.) 不正确的 What he said was incorrect.uncorrected (
25、adj.) 未被改正的 There are still some uncorrected mistakes. course (n.) 过程;课程 in the course of 在的过程中29. cover (v.) 覆盖 Three-fourths of the earths surface is covered with water. 地球3/4的表面被水覆盖。Is the word covered in the dictionary? 这个单词被收入这本词典里吗?(cover表“收入”)30. crazy (adj.)be crazy about 对疯狂craze (n.) 疯狂31.
26、 create (v.) 创造creative (adj.) 创造性的creation (n.) 创作物32. custom (n.) 风俗习惯customs (n.) 海关customer (n.) 顾客33. daily (adj.) 每天的China Daily中国日报diary (n.) 日记34. damage (v.) 破坏,毁坏sth. be damaged 受到破坏 The computer system/house has been damaged. be hurt/injured (事故中)人的受伤;hurt还指心灵上的受伤 be wounded (战争中的)枪伤,刀伤35. danger (n.) 危险 be in danger处于危险 dangerous (adj.) 危险的36. deal (v.) 处理 how to deal with/ what to do with 怎么处理37.
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