专题十二 推理判断Word文档格式.docx

1、预测热度推理判断此题型主要考查考生根据文章表面文字的信息进行分析、综合、归纳及逻辑推理的能力。691040分析解读 推理判断题是阅读理解题中难度较大的一类,答案不是文章直接给出的,必须经过分析、综合、归纳及逻辑推理获取。该类题最能考查学生的英语综合运用能力和逻辑思维能力。因此,此题型要求考生能根据全文所提供的事实及自己的一些常识,进行合理的逻辑推测,判断作者的意图,人物的动机、目的以及性格的特征,事件发生的前因后果等;还能理解某句、某段的深层意义,进而把握全篇的文脉,即句与句、段与段之间的关系,并能据此进行推理和判断。过专题【五年高考】A组自主命题江苏卷题组Passage 1（2018江苏,D

2、） 词数:704Children as young as ten are becoming dependent on social media for their sense of self-worth, a major study warned.It found many youngsters （少年） now measure their status by how much public approval they get online, often through “likes”. Some change their behaviour in real life to improve t

3、heir image on the web.The report into youngsters aged from 8 to 12 was carried out by Childrens Commissioner （专员） Anne Longfield. She said social media firms were exposing children to major emotional risks, with some youngsters starting secondary school ill-equipped to cope with the tremendous press

4、ure they faced online.Some social apps were popular among the children even though they supposedly require users to be at least 13. The youngsters admitted planning trips around potential photo-opportunities and then messaging friendsand friends of friendsto demand “likes” for their online posts.The

5、 report found that youngsters felt their friendships could be at risk if they did not respond to social media posts quickly, and around the clock.Children aged 8 to 10 were “starting to feel happy” when others liked their posts. However, those in the 10 to 12 age group were “concerned with how many

6、people like their posts”, suggesting a “need” for social recognition that gets stronger the older they become.Miss Longfield warned that a generation of children risked growing up “worried about their appearance and image as a result of the unrealistic lifestyles they follow on platforms, and increa

7、singly anxious about switching off due to the constant demands of social media”.She said: “Children are using social media with family and friends and to play games when they are in primary school. But what starts as fun usage of apps turns into tremendous pressure in real social media interaction a

8、t secondary school.”As their world expanded, she said, children compared themselves to others online in a way that was “hugely damaging in terms of their self-identity, in terms of their confidence, but also in terms of their ability to develop themselves”.Miss Longfield added: “Then there is this p

9、ush to connectif you go offline, will you miss something, will you miss out, will you show that you dont care about those people you are following, all of those come together in a huge way at once.”“For children it is very, very difficult to cope with emotionally.”The Childrens Commissioner for Engl

10、ands studyLife in Likesfound that children as young as 8 were using social media platforms largely for play.However, the researchinvolving eight groups of 32 children aged 8 to 12suggested that as they headed toward their teens, they became increasingly anxious online.By the time they started second

11、ary schoolat age 11children were already far more aware of their image online and felt under huge pressure to ensure their posts were popular, the report found.However, they still did not know how to cope with mean-spirited jokes, or the sense of incompetence they might feel if they compared themsel

12、ves to celebrities （名人） or more brilliant friends online. The report said they also faced pressure to respond to messages at all hours of the dayespecially at secondary school when more youngsters have mobile phones.The Childrens Commissioner said schools and parents must now do more to prepare chil

13、dren for the emotional minefield （雷区） they faced online. And she said social media companies must also “take more responsibility”. They should either monitor their websites better so that children do not sign up too early, or they should adjust their websites to the needs of younger users.Javed Khan

14、, of childrens charity Barnardos, said: “Its vital that new compulsory age-appropriate relationship and sex education lessons in England should help equip children to deal with the growing demands of social media.”“Its also hugely important for parents to know which apps their children are using.”1.

15、Why did some secondary school students feel too much pressure?A.They were not provided with adequate equipment.B.They were not well prepared for emotional risks.C.They were required to give quick responses.D.They were prevented from using mobile phones.2.Some social app companies were to blame becau

16、se .A.they didnt adequately check their users registrationB.they organized photo trips to attract more youngstersC.they encouraged youngsters to post more photosD.they didnt stop youngsters from staying up late3.Childrens comparing themselves to others online may lead to .A.less friendliness to each

17、 otherB.lower self-identity and confidenceC.an increase in online cheatingD.a stronger desire to stay online4.According to Life in Likes, as children grew, they became more anxious to .A.circulate their posts quicklyB.know the qualities of their postsC.use mobile phones for playD.get more public app

18、roval5.What should parents do to solve the problem?A.Communicate more with secondary schools.B.Urge media companies to create safer apps.C.Keep track of childrens use of social media.D.Forbid their children from visiting the web.6.What does the passage mainly talk about?A.The influence of social med

19、ia on children.B.The importance of social media to children.C.The problem in building a healthy relationship.D.The measure to reduce risks from social media.答案1.B2.A3.B4.D5.C6.APassage 2（2017江苏,C） 词数:452A new commodity brings about a highly profitable, fast-growing industry, urging antitrust（反垄断）reg

20、ulators to step in to check those who control its flow. A century ago, the resource in question was oil. Now similar concerns are being raised by the giants（巨头）that deal in data, the oil of the digital age. The most valuable firms are Google, Amazon, Facebook and Microsoft. All look unstoppable.Such

21、 situations have led to calls for the tech giants to be broken up. But size alone is not a crime. The giants success has benefited consumers. Few want to live without search engines or a quick delivery. Far from charging consumers high prices, many of these services are free（users pay,in effect, by

22、handing over yet more data）. And the appearance of new-born giants suggests that newcomers can make waves, too.But there is cause for concern. The internet has made data abundant, all-present and far more valuable, changing the nature of data and competition. Google initially used the data collected

23、 from users to target advertising better. But recently it has discovered that data can be turned into new services:translation and visual recognition, to be sold to other companies. Internet companies control of data gives them enormous power. So they have a“Gods eye view”of activities in their own

24、markets and beyond.This nature of data makes the antitrust measures of the past less useful. Breaking up firms like Google into five small ones would not stop remaking themselves:in time, one of them would become great again. A rethink is requiredand as a new approach starts to become apparent, two

25、ideas stand out.The first is that antitrust authorities need to move from the industrial age into the 21st century. When considering a merger（兼并）, for example, they have traditionally used size to determine when to step in. They now need to take into account the extent of firms data assets（资产）when a

26、ssessing the impact of deals. The purchase price could also be a signal that an established company is buying a new-born threat. When this takes place, especially when a new-born company has no revenue to speak of, the regulators should raise red flags.The second principle is to loosen the control t

27、hat providers of on-line services have over data and give more to those who supply them. Companies could be forced to reveal to consumers what information they hold and how much money they make from it. Governments could order the sharing of certain kinds of data, with users consent.Restarting antit

28、rust for the information age will not be easy. But if governments dont want a data economy controlled by a few giants, they must act soon.1.Why is there a call to break up giants?A.They have controlled the data market.B.They collect enormous private data.C.They no longer provide free services.D.They

29、 dismissed some new-born giants.2.What does the technological innovation in Paragraph 3 indicate?A.Data giants technology is very expensive.B.Googles idea is popular among data firms.C.Data can strengthen giants controlling position.D.Data can be turned into new services or products.3.By paying atte

30、ntion to firms data assets, antitrust regulators could .A.kill a new threatB.avoid the size trapC.favour bigger firmsD.charge higher prices4.What is the purpose of loosening the giants control of data?A.Big companies could relieve data security pressure.B.Governments could relieve their financial pr

31、essure.C.Consumers could better protect their privacy.D.Small companies could get more opportunities.1.A2.C3.B4.DPassage 3（2016江苏,C） 词数:443El Nio, a Spanish term for “the Christ child”, was named by South American fishermen who noticed that the global weather pattern, which happens every two to seven years, reduced the amount of fishes caught around Christmas. El Nio sees warm water, collected over several years in the western Pacific, flow back eastwards when winds that normally blow westwards weaken, or sometimes the other way round.The weather effects, both good and bad, are felt in ma