英语倒装句用法经典总结Word文档下载推荐.docx

1、Only when he returned home did he realize what had happened. 当他回到家里时，才知道出了什么事。3. “so+adj. / adv.”位于句首时的倒装副词so后接形容词或副词位于句首时，其后用部分倒装：So cold was the weather that we had to stay at home. 天气太冷，我们只好呆在家里。So fast does light travel that we can hardly imagine its speed. 光速很快，我们几乎没法想像它的速度。So sudden was the at

2、tack that we had no time to escape. 袭击来得非常突然，我们来不及逃跑。4.“so+助动词+主语”倒装当要表示前面提出的某一肯定的情况也同样适合于后者，通常就要用“So+助动词+主语”这种倒装结构：You are young and so am I. 你年轻，我也年轻。She likes music and so do I. 她喜欢音乐，我也喜欢。If he can do it, so can I. 要是他能做此事，我也能。（1） 若前面提出某一否定的情况，要表示后者也属于同样的否定情况，则应将其中的so改为neither或nor：You arent youn

3、g and neither am I. 你不年轻，我也不年轻。She hasnt read it and nor have I. 她没有读它，我也没有读。（2） 注意该结构与表示强调或同意的“so+主语+特殊动词”结构的区别：It was cold yesterday. So it was. “昨天很冷。”“的确很冷。”Father, you promised.Well, so I did. “爸爸，你答应过的。”“嗯，是答应过。5. 由not onlybut also引出的倒装当not onlybut also位于句首引出句子时，not only 后的句子通常用部分倒装形式：Not only

4、 is he a teacher, but he is also a poet. 他不仅是一位教师，而且是一位诗人。Not only did he speak more correctly, but he spoke more easily. 不仅他讲得更正确，也讲得更不费劲了。6. 虚拟条件句的省略与倒装当if引导的虚拟条件从句中含有had, were, should等时，如将if省略，则要将had, were, should等移到主语前，构成倒装句：Had you come yesterday, you would have seen him.若你昨天来，你就会见到他了。Should yo

5、u require anything give me a ring. 如果需要什么，可以给我打电话。Were it not for your help, I would still be homeless. 要不是你帮助，我会仍然无家可归。【注意】省略if后提前的had不一定是助动词：Had I money, I would buy it. 假若我有钱，我就会买它。完全倒装的四种主要类型1. here 和there位于句首时的倒装表示地点的here和 there位于句首时，其后用完全倒装形式。这类倒装句的谓语通常是动词be和come, go等表示移动或动态的不及物动词：Heres Tom. 汤

6、姆在这里。Theres Jim. 吉姆在那儿。Here comes the bus. 公共汽车来了。There goes the bell. 铃响了。There goes the last train. 最后一班火车开走了。（1） 以上倒装句中的谓语动词come和go不能用进行时态，即不能说 Here is coming the bus。（2） 若主语为代词，则不倒装：Here I am. 我在这儿。/ 我来了。Here it comes. 它来了。（3） 其中的动词有时也可能是stand, lie, live等表示状态的动词（表示存在）：There stood a desk against

7、the wall. 靠墙放着一张书桌。Once upon a time there lived a man known by the name of Beef. 从前有个人名叫比夫。2. away和down等位于句首时的倒装地点副词away, down, in, off, out, over, round, up 等位于句首时，其后用完全倒装语序。这类倒装句的谓语通常表示动态的不及物动词：Away went the runners. 赛跑选手们跑远了。Round and round flew the plane. 飞机盘旋着。The door opened and in came Mr Smi

8、th. 门开了，史密斯先生进了来。Down came the rain and up went the umbrellas. 下雨了，伞都撑起来了。若主语为人称代词，则不能用倒装：Away he went. 他跑远了。Down it came. 它掉了下来。3. 状语或表语位于句首时的倒装为了保持句子平衡或使上下文衔接紧密，有时可将状语或表语置于句首，句中主语和谓语完全倒装：Among these people was his friend Jim. 他的朋友吉姆就在这些人当中。By the window sat a young man with a magazine in his hand.

9、 窗户边坐着一个年轻人，手里拿着一本杂志。在表语置于句首的这类倒装结构中，要注意其中的谓语应与其后的主语保持一致，而不是与位于句首的表语保持一致。比较：In the box was a cat. 箱子里是一只猫。In the box were some cats. 箱子里是一些猫。4. 分词和不定式置于句首的倒装有时为了强调，可将谓语部分的现在分词、过去分词或不定式置于句首，从而构成倒装：Buried in the sands was an ancient village. 一个古老的村庄被埋在这沙土之中。Standing beside the table was his wife. 站在桌旁

10、的是他的妻子。To be carefully considered are the following questions. 下列问题要仔细考虑。涉及only的倒装及考题分析按英语习惯同，当“only+状语”位于句首时，其后句子要用部分倒装。如：Only in this way are you able to do it well. 你只有用这种方法才能把它做好。Only in this way can our honour be saved. 只有这样，才能保住我们的荣誉。Only then did I understand what she meant. 只有到那时我才明白她的意思。Onl

11、y after her death was I able to appreciate her. 只有到她死后我才认识到她的价值。Only when he returned home did he realize what had happened. 当他回到家里时,才知道出了什么事。Only in this way can we learn English. 只有这样才能学会英语。The pilot reassured the passengers. Only then did I realize how dangerous the situation had been. 飞机驾驶员要乘客们放

12、心，这时我才明白刚才的情况有多危险。Only by shouting was he able to make himself heard. 他只有叫喊才能让别人听到他。Only when we landed did we see how badly the plane had been damaged. 我们只是在着陆之后才看到飞机损坏的严重程度。Only on one point do I agree with you. 只有一点，我同意你的说法。【典型考题】（答案分别为DC）1. Only then _ how much damage had been caused.A. she real

13、ized B. she had realizedC. had she realized D. did she realize2. Only after my friend came _.A. did the computer repaired B. be repaired the computerC. was the computer repaired D. the computer was repaired特别说明：有时命题者不是利用位于句首的“only+状语”来考查倒装，而是倒过来，利用给定的倒装结构来考查对only的选择。如下面一题（答案选A）：_ by keeping down cos

14、ts will Power Data hold its advantage over other companies.A. Only B. Just C. Still D. Yet涉及副词so的两类常考倒装这类倒装主要见于以下两种情形：1. 当副词so后接形容词或副词位于句首时，其后要用部分倒装。So fast does light travel that we can hardly imagine its speed. 光速很快，我们几乎没法想象它的速度。2. 当要表示前面提出的某一肯定的情况也同样适合于后者，通常就要用“So+助动词+主语”这种倒装结构。（答案分别为BBA）1. So di

15、fficult _ it to work out the problem that I decided to ask Tom for advice.A. I did find B. did I find C. I have found D. have I found2. _ about wild plants that they decided to make a trip to Madagascar for further research.A. so curious the couple was B. So curious were the coupleC. How curious the

16、 couple were D. The couple was such curious3. Its burning hot today, isnt it?Yes. _ yesterday.A. So was it B. So it was C. So it is D. So is it（1） 若前面提出某一否定的情况，要表示后者也属于同样的否定情况，则应将其中的so改为neither或nor。请看考题（答案选D）：Mary never does any reading in the evening, _.A. so does John B. John does tooC. John doesn

17、t too D. nor does John（2） 注意“So+助动词+主语”与表示强调或同意的“So+主语+助动词”的区别。“It was cold yesterday.” “So it was.” “昨天很冷。请看考题（答案分别为CD）：1. Maggie had a wonderful time at the party. _, and so did I.A. So she had B. So had she C. So she did D. So did she2.Father, you promised! Well, _. But it was you who didnt keep

18、your word first.A. so was I B. so did I C. so I was D. so I did倒装句中的主谓一致在“副词here, there, now, then, up, down, in, out, away等、作状语或表语的介词短语或分词短语谓语动词主语”的倒装结构中，谓语动词的数由动词后面的主语决定。On the wall hang two maps. 墙上挂着两张地图。On the wall hangs a world of map. 墙上挂着一张世界地图。Here is your coat. 这是你的外套。Here are your running

19、-shoes. 这是你的跑鞋。Such is the result. 结果就是这样。Such are the results. 这就是结果。副词后的倒装here 和 there 之后以及诸如 back, down, off, up 等一类的副词小品词之后，名词主语一般置于谓语之后。这类副词常与诸如 come 和 go 等转移动词一起连用。Here comes a taxi! There goes the last train! 有辆出租车来了! 最后一班火车开走了! （注意这里不可用进行时）Down came the rain and up went the umbrellas. 下雨了，伞都

20、撑了起来。当我们给人东西或确定位置时，这种倒装常用在be之后（主语往往是复数）。Heres a cup of tea for you. 给你一杯茶。（给东西）Heres your letters. 这儿有你的信。（给与或指明）Theres （重读） Johnny smith. 约翰尼史密斯在那儿。（确定位置）主语如是代词则不倒装。There she goes. 她走了。Up it went. 它上去了。Here you are. 给你。There she is. 她在那儿。地点状语后的倒装地点状语后面如有表示位置的动词 （如lie, live, sit, stand） 或转移的动词 （如com

21、e, go, rise），用作主语的名词可以放在动词之后。这种情形主要出现在描写文中。At the top of the hill stood the tiny chapel. 那座小教堂矗立在山顶上。In the fields of poppies lay the dying soldiers. 罂粟地里躺着奄奄一息的士兵们。别的动词如属被动语态也可以倒装。In the distance could be seen the purple mountains. 远处可以见到紫色的山。主语如是代词则不能倒装：At the top of the hill it stood out against

22、the sky. 它背衬青天矗立在山顶上。否定副词之后的倒装否定或近似否定副词（往往是时间或频度副词，如never, rarely, seldom），或是具有否定作用的副词，如 little, on no account 等。Never / Seldom has there been so much protest against the Bomb. 这么强烈的反对原子弹的抗议活动从未 / 很少 / 有过。Little does he realize how important this meeting is. 他对这个会议的重要性不甚了了。On no account must you acc

23、ept any money if he offers it. 他如要给你钱，你可绝不能接受。当这种副词不在句首时，当然应该用正常词序：There has never / seldom been so much protest against the Bomb. 从未 / 很少发生过这么强烈的反对原子弹的抗议活动。He little realizes how important this meeting is. 他不甚明白这个会议的重要性。另外，有些含有否定意义的介词短语置于句首时，其后也要用倒装。In no case should you give up. 你绝不能放弃。On no condi

24、tion should we tell her about it. 我们绝不能把此事告诉她。On no accounts must this switch be touched.这个开关是绝 不能触摸的。Under no circumstances should you lend him any money. 你无论如何都不该把钱借给他。No way will I go on working for that man. 我不再给那个人工作了。涉及not onlybut also的部分倒装not onlybut also前后连接两个句子时，not only后的句子要用部分倒装，但but also后的分句不用倒装。Not o