最新语言学练习题Word格式.docx

1、 A. Interpersonal B. Emotive C. Performative D. Recreational 5.C Which of the following property of language enables language users to overcome the barriers caused by time and place, due to this feature of language, speakers of a language are free to talk about anything in any situation? A. Transfer

2、ability B. Duality C. Displacement D. Arbitrariness 6.B Study the following dialogue. What function does it play according to the functions of language? A nice day, isnt it? Right! I really enjoy the sunlight. A. Emotive B. Phatic C. Performative D. Interpersonal 7. A _ refers to the actual realizat

3、ion of the ideal language users knowledge of the rules of his language in utterances. A. Performance B. Competence C. Langue D. Parole 8. C When a dog is barking, you assume it is barking for something or at someone that exists hear and now. It couldnt be sorrowful for some lost love or lost bone. T

4、his indicates the design feature of _. A. cultural transmission B. productivity C. displacement D. duality 9. A _ answers such questions as how we as infants acquire our first language. A. Psycholinguistics B.Anthropological linguistics C. Sociolinguistics D. Applied linguistics 10. C _ deals with l

5、anguage application to other fields, particularly education. A. Linguistic theory B. Practical linguistics C. Applied linguistics D. Comparative linguistics II. Decide whether the following statements are true or false. （10%） 11. F Language is a means of verbal communication. Therefore, the communic

6、ation way used by the deaf-mute is not language. 12. F Language change is universal, ongoing and arbitrary. 13. T Speaking is the quickest and most efficient way of the human communication systems. 14. F Language is written because writing is the primary medium for all languages. 15. F We were all b

7、orn with the ability to acquire language, which means the details of any language system can be genetically transmitted. 16. F Only human beings are able to communicate. 17. F F. de Saussure, who made the distinction between langue and parole in the early 20th century, was a French linguist. 18. F A

8、 study of the features of the English used in Shakespeares time is an example of the diachronic study of language. 19. F Speech and writing came into being at much the same time in human history. 20. F All the languages in the world today have both spoken and written forms. III. Fill in the blanks.

9、（10%） 21. verbal Language, broadly speaking, is a means of _ communication. 22. productivity In any language words can be used in new ways to mean new things and can be combined into innumerable sentences based on limited rules. This feature is usually termed 精品文档23. metalingual function Language ha

10、s many functions. We can use language to talk about itself. This function is _. 24. yo-he-ho Theory that primitive man made involuntary vocal noises while performing heavy work has been called the _ theory. 25. scientific Linguistics is the _ study of language. 26. descriptive Modern linguistics is

11、_ in the sense that the linguist tries to discover what language is rather than lay down some rules for people to observe. 27. speech One general principle of linguistic analysis is the primacy of _ over writing. 28. diachronic linguistic The description of a language as it changes through time is a

12、 _ study. 29. langue Saussure put forward two important concepts. _ refers to the abstract linguistic system shared by all members of a speech community. 30. competence Linguistic potential is similar to Saussures langue and Chomskys Chapter 2 Speech Sounds 1. A Pitch variation is known as _ when it

13、s patterns are imposed on sentences. A. intonation B. tone C. pronunciation D. voice 2. C Conventionally a _ is put in slashes （/ /）. A. allophone B. phone C. phoneme D. morpheme 3. D An aspirated p, an unaspirated p and an unreleased p are _ of the p phoneme. A. analogues B. tagmemes C. morphemes D

14、. allophones 4. A The opening between the vocal cords is sometimes referred to as _. A. glottis B. vocal cavity C. pharynx D. uvula 5. A The diphthongs that are made with a movement of the tongue towards the center are known as _ diphthongs. A. wide B. closing C. narrow D. centering 6. D A phoneme i

15、s a group of similar sounds called _. A. minimal pairs B. allomorphs C. phones D. allophones 7. B Which branch of phonetics concerns the production of speech sounds? A. Acoustic phonetics B. Articulatory phonetics C. Auditory phonetics D. None of the above 8. A Which one is different from the others

16、 according to places of articulation? A. n B. m C. b D. p 9. B Which vowel is different from the others according to the characteristics of vowels? A. i: B. u C. e D. i 10. B What kind of sounds can we make when the vocal cords are vibrating? A. Voiceless B. Voiced C. Glottal stop D. Consonant 11. T

17、 Suprasegmental phonology refers to the study of phonological properties of units larger than the segment-phoneme, such as syllable, word and sentence. 12. T The air stream provided by the lungs has to undergo a number of modification to acquire the quality of a speech sound. 13. T Two sounds are in

18、 free variation when they occur in the same environment and do not contrast, namely, the substitution of one for the other does not produce a different word, but merely a different pronunciation. 14. F p is a voiced bilabial stop. 15. F Acoustic phonetics is concerned with the perception of speech s

19、ounds. 16. T All syllables must have a nucleus but not all syllables contain an onset and a coda. 17. T When pure vowels or monophthongs are pronounced, no vowel glides take place. 18. T According to the length or tenseness of the pronunciation, vowels can be divided into tense vs. lax or long vs. s

20、hort. 19. F Received Pronunciation is the pronunciation accepted by most people. 20. F The maximal onset principle states that when there is a choice as to where to place a consonant, it is put into the coda rather than the onset. III. Fill in the blanks. （20%） 21. voiced, voiceless, voiced Consonan

21、t sounds can be either _ or _, while all vowel sounds are _. 22. friction Consonant sounds can also be made when two organs of speech in the mouth are brought close together so that the air is pushed out between them, causing _. 23. tongue The qualities of vowels depend upon the position of the _ an

22、d the lips. 24. height One element in the description of vowels is the part of the tongue which is at the highest point in the mouth. A second element is the _ to which that part of the tongue is raised. 25. obstruction Consonants differ from vowels in that the latter are produced without 26. minima

23、l pairs In phonological analysis the words fail / veil are distinguishable simply because of the two phonemes /f/ - /v/. This is an example for illustrating _. 27. diphthongs In English there are a number of _, which are produced by moving from one vowel position to another through intervening posit

24、ions. 28. Co-articulation _ refers to the phenomenon of sounds continually show the influence of their neighbors. 29. Phonemes _ is the smallest linguistic unit. 30. air stream Speech takes place when the organs of speech move to produce patterns of sound. These movements have an effect on the _ com

25、ing from the lungs. Chapter 3 Lexicon I. II. Choose the best answer. （20%） 1. A Nouns, verbs and adjectives can be classified as _. A. lexical words B. grammatical words C. function words D. form words 2. A Morphemes that represent tense, number, gender and case are called _ morpheme. A. inflectiona

26、l B. free C. bound D. derivational 3. C There are _ morphemes in the word denationalization. A. three B. four C. five D. six 4. B In English ise and tion are called _. A. prefixes B. suffixes C. infixes D. stems 5. B The three subtypes of affixes are: prefix, suffix and _. A. derivational affix B. i

27、nflectional affix C. infix D. back-formation 6. B _ is a way in which new words may be formed from already existing words by subtracting an affix which is thought to be part of the old word. A. affixation B. back-formation C. insertion D. addition 7. C The word TB is formed in the way of _. A. acronymy B. clipping C. initialism D. blending 8. A The words like comsat and sitcom are formed by _. A. blending B. clipping C. back-formation D. acronymy 9. D The stem of disagreements is _. A. agreement B. agree C. disagree D. disagreement 10. B All of them are meaningful except for _. A.