定语从句3.docx

1、定语从句3定 语 从 句 （提高班练习一） 定 语 从 句 （ Part I）一、定义：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。如：1) The man who lives next to us is a policeman. 2) You must do everything that I do. 上面两句中的man和everything是定语从句所修饰的词，叫先行词，定语从句放在先行词的后面。引导定语从句的词有关系代词that, which, who(宾格who, 所有格whose)和关系副词where, when、why关系词常有三个作用：1、引导定语从句 2、代替先行词 3、

2、在定语从句中担当一个成分二、关系代词引导的定语从句1.who指人，在从句中做主语(1)The boys who are playing football are from Class One.(2)Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。 (1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about. 注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。 (3) The man who/whom you met just now is m

3、y friend.3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略 (1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys. ( which 在句子中做主语) (2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. ( which 在句子中做宾语)4. that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。 (5) The people that/who come to visit the city are all here. (在句

4、子中做主语) (6) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning? (在句子中做宾语)5. whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语 (1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor. (2) I lived in a house whose roof has fallen in. whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替(3)The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.=The classroom the door of which

5、 is broken will soon be repaired.(5)Do you like the book whose color is yellow?=Do you like the book the color of which is yellow?请分析一下GO FOR IT 教材中出现的部分定语从句：( 请划出定语从句，并标出先行词)1. Check the ways you study for an English test. 2. Another thing that I found very difficult was English grammar. 3. You cou

6、ldnt understand people who talked fast. 4. I have some ideas that may help. 5. They said something you didnt like. 6. Can you think of any problems you have had recently?7. Think about Stephen Hawking, a very clever scientist, who regards his many physical problems as unimportant. 8. He would always

7、 take pride in everything good I do. 9. My friends and I talked about the rules that we have in school. 10. What are some of the rules that a teenager should obey?11. Being a professional runner is the only thing I have ever wanted to do. 12. If you know anyone else who collects them, please tell me

8、. 13. Standing very close to the person you are talking with is quite common in some countries. 14. If you know someone you know doing this, you can ask them. 15. All I ever wanted to do was traveling. 练习：一、Join each pair of the sentences after the model. Model: The boy is my brother. He helped me.

9、The boy that (who) helped me is my brother.1. The man is in the next room. He brought us the letter yesterday._2. The film is interesting. They saw it last night. _3. The pen is mine. He has taken it away. _4. The students will not pass the exam. They dont work hard._5. The lady is our teacher. You

10、saw her just now. _6. I was reading a book. The book is about a boy. _7. He is the young writerHe wrote the book_8. Do you know the doctor? He comes here once a month and examines the workers _9. The foreign guest is Mr. GreenYou saw him at the school gate _10. Ive received the bookFather sent it to

11、 me_二、用关系代词填空：that 、which 、who、 whom 、whose 1. This is the man _ wants to see you.2. The student _ answered the question is Zhang Hua.3. The man _ you went to see has come.4. The man _I met yesterday lent me some money.5. The woman _ you saw is our geography teacher. 6. The runner _ you are asking a

12、bout is over there.7. The person _ you should write to is Mr. Ball.8. The man _was passing by saw what happened.9. Here is the pen _ you lost the day before yesterday.10. These books _ you lent me were very useful.11. The storybook _ I have just read cannot be easily forgotten.12. A clock is a machi

13、ne _ tells people the time.13. This is shirt _I bought yesterday.14. A dictionary is a book _ gives the meaning to the word.15. The book _ is on the table is mine.16. The film _ they are talking about is very interesting.17. I will never forget the people and the places _ I have ever visited.18. Is

14、there anyone _ family is in Beijing?19. Show me the boy _ mother is a well-known singer.20. The boy_ father is a teacher is good at English.三、单项选择( ) 1. Your teacher of Chinese is a young lady_ comes from Beijing. A. who B. which C. whom D. whose( ) 2. Whats the name of the program_. A. which are li

15、stening B. you are listening to C. to that you are listening D. that you are listening( ) 3. The students were all interested _ you told them yesterday. A. in which B. in that this C. all that D. in everything( ) 4. He was the only person in his office_ was invited. A. whom B. whose C. that D. which

16、( ) 5. This is the museum_ we visited last year. A. where B. in which C. which D. in that( ) 6. Charlie told his mother all_ had happened. A. that B. what C. which D. who( ) 7. Do you know the student_? A. whom I often talk B. with who I often talk C. I often talk with D. that I often talk( ) 8. I l

17、ike the house_ windows face south. A. whose B. whos C. its D. its( ) 9. Would you tell me where to get the dictionary _? A. what I need B.I need C. which I need it D. that I need it( )10. The young woman_ I spoke just now is a young doctor. A. who B. to whom C. whom D. that 定 语 从 句 （ Part II）一、关系副词引

18、导的定语从句1. when指时间，在定语从句中做时间状语 (1) I still remember the day when I first came to the school. (2) The time when we got together finally came.2. where指地点，在定语从句中做地点状语 (1) Shanghai is the city where I was born. (2) The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.3. why指原因，在定语从句中做原因状语 (1) Please

19、 tell me the reason why you missed the plane. (2) I dont know the reason why he looks unhappy today. 注意：关系副词引导的从句可以由“介词+关系代词”引导的从句替换(1)The reason why/ for which he refused the invitation is not clear,(2)From the year when/in which he was going to school he began to know him. (3)Great changes have ta

20、ken place in the city in which/where I was born.二、介词+关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时，从句常由介词+关系代词引导(1)The school (that/which) he once studied in is very famous.=The school in which he once studied is very famous.(2)Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine (that/which) you asked for.=Tomorrow I will bring h

21、ere a magazine for which you asked.(3)Well go to hear the famous singer (whom/that/who) we have often talked about.=Well go to hear the famous singer about whom we have often talked. 注意：1、有些动词短语一般不拆开使用，如：look for, look after, take care of等(1)This is the watch which/that I am looking for. （True)(2)Th

22、is is the watch for which I am looking. (False)2. 若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时用whom，不可用who或者that；指物时用which，不能用that；关系代词是所有格时用whose (1) The man with whom you talked is my friend. (T) (2) The man who/that you talked with is my friend. (F) (3) The plane in which we flew to Canada is very comfortable. (T) (4) The

23、 plane in that we flew to Canada is very comfortable. (F)3、“介词+关系代词”前可有some, any, none, both, all, neither, most, each, few等代词或者数词 (1) He loved his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him. (2) In the basket there are quite many apples, some of which have gone bad. (3) There are forty stude

24、nts in our class in all, most of whom are from big cities. 针 对 性 练 习简单归纳：介词关系代词引导的定语从句, 关键是判断介词的选择, 方法一是看从句谓语部分缺少什么介词(习惯搭配), 再则可以通过整个句子整体含义来判断, 结合生活实际来判断.( ) 1.Do you know who lives in the building _there is a well? A. in front of it B. in front of whose C. in front of which D. in frontwhich( ) 2.Il

25、l never forget the day _I joined the League. A. on which B. in which C. which D. at which ( ) 3.The woman_my brother spoke just now is myteacher. A. who B. to whom C .to who D. whom( ) 4.Jeanne was her old friend,_she borrowed anecklace. A. from who B. from whom C. to that D. to whom ( ) 5.His glass

26、es, _he was like a blind man,fell tothe ground and broke its leg. A. which B. with which C. without which D. that ( ) 6.she is a teacher of much knowledge, _much can be learned. A. who B. that C.from which D. from whom ( ) 7.He built a telescope_he could study the skies. A. in which B. with that C.

27、through which D. by it( ) 8.Do you know the reason_he was late? A. that B. which C. for what D. for which ( ) 9.I have bought two ballpens, _writes well. A. none of which B. neither of which C. none of them D. neither of them ( ) 10.The Second World War_millions of people were killed in 1945. A. dur

28、ing which B. in that C. where D. on which ( ) 11.China has many rivers, _the Changjiang Riveris the longest. A. which B. in which C. among which D. one of which ( ) 12.This is the very knife_I used to cut apples yesterday. A. that B. by which C. which D. with which 13.The speed_which you drive your car mustnt too high.14. In the park there are many flowers, the color_which is bright and nice.15. The